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Query: UMLS:C0242379 (lung cancer)
 71,905 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Two cases of lung cancer were studied with positron emission tomography (PET) using L-[methyl-C-11]methionine (C-11 Met) and CT scans five to six times during long-term follow-up after radiotherapy. In a large cell carcinoma with mediastinal invasion, C-11 Met tumor uptake showed a rapid decrease after radiotherapy, corresponding to clinical improvement, and detected recurrence at 11 months, as confirmed by biopsy. Tumor volume by CT showed no significant changes during this time. A squamous cell carcinoma of the superior sulcus (Pancoast type) showed rapid changes in C-11 Met tumor uptake and similar changes in tumor volume during two courses of radiotherapy and recurrence over a period of 25 months. PET evaluation of tumor viability seems to be valuable for treatment evaluation, and results match the tumor volume changes measured by CT.
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PMID:Positron emission tomography for treatment evaluation and recurrence detection compared with CT in long-term follow-up cases of lung cancer. 133 Mar 95

Twenty-five patients with primary non-small cell lung cancer underwent the positron emission tomography (PET) using 11C-methionine to detect the mediastinal lymph node metastasis. We introduced the positron angiography to recognize precisely the anatomical orientation of the mediastinal lymph nodes. The 11C-uptake of the lymph node was expressed with distribution absorption ratio (DAR). A total 107 lymph nodes were examined. The average DAR in metastatic lymph nodes (n = 28) was 3.89 while that of non-metastatic nodes (n = 79) was 2.38 indicating a significant difference (p < 0.001). The most adequate threshold for detection of metastasis was 3.3 with sensitivity of 100%, and specificity of 87.3% and overall accuracy of 89.7%. Metastasis of squamous cell carcinoma was diagnosed more accurately than that of adenocarcinoma. Thus, PET using 11C-methionine may offer a new method to detect the mediastinal lymph node metastasis from lung cancer.
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PMID:[Detection of mediastinal lymph node metastasis from lung cancer with positron emission tomography (PET) using 11C-methionine]. 133 90

A series of bombesin (BN) analogues lacking the C-terminal methionine at the 14 position were evaluated as BN receptor antagonists. [D-Phe6]BN(6-13)amide inhibited specific 125I-GRP binding to lung cancer cell line NCI-H720 with an IC50 value of 12 nM. In contrast, [D-Phe6]BN(6-13)propylamide, butylamide and methylester were more potent with IC50 values of 3, 5 and 5 nM whereas [D-Phe6,Sta13]BN(6-13)amide was less potent with an IC50 value of 180 nM. [D-Phe6]BN(6-13)propylamide antagonized the ability of BN to elevate cytosolic Ca2+, whereas [D-Phe6]BN(6-13)butylamide was a partial agonist. In a small cell lung cancer (SCLC) growth assay, [D-Phe6]BN(6-13)propylamide inhibited colony formation. In summary, BN analogues which lack a C-terminal methionine may function as useful SCLC BN receptor antagonists.
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PMID:[Des-Met14]bombesin analogues function as small cell lung cancer bombesin receptor antagonists. 164 97

L-[Methyl-11C]-methionine [( 11C]methionine) has proved to be one of the useful amino acids for the diagnosis of human cancer. We examined whether there was any correlation between [11C]methionine uptake and histologic type of primary lung cancer. Sixteen patients with nine squamous cell carcinoma, five large cell carcinoma, one small cell carcinoma, and one adenocarcinoma were studied using positron emission tomography (PET). All patients had high accumulation of [11C]methionine in lung tumors. We evaluated [11C]methionine uptake into the tumor by a semiquantitative value, DUR (Differential Uptake Ratio). There was significant difference (p less than 0.01, Mann-Whitney test) of [11C]methionine uptake between large cell carcinoma (3.98 +/- 0.27) and squamous cell carcinoma (2.92 +/- 0.30). The result suggested that there was correlation between [11C]methionine accumulation and the histologic type of lung cancer. This indicates a new potential applicability of [11C]methionine PET for the study of lung cancer.
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PMID:Relationship between histologic type of primary lung cancer and carbon-11-L-methionine uptake with positron emission tomography. 275 95

A high molecular weight, mucous glycoprotein (MG) from the pleural fluid of lung adenocarcinoma was purified by the DEAE-cellulose, gel-filtration and wheat germ agglutinin affinity chromatography. Protein portion of the molecule was composed of amino acids rich in serine, threonine and proline, but methionine and tyrosine concentrations were relatively low. About 65% of the weight, was composed of galactose, galactosamine, glucosamine, fucose and sialic acid. The gel-filtration pattern on Sepharose 4B revealed Mr greater than 10(6) Da. The SDS-PAGE pattern revealed a main band at the position of the Mr about 350 kDa under the reducing condition. Rabbit antibody against this molecule recognized mainly the peptide portion, and the radioimmunoassay (RIA) using the double antibody method was developed by this antibody. Serum MG level was low in healthy subjects and in benign diseases (0.8 +/- 0.7 U/ml; mean +/- SD and 1.1 +/- 2.3 U/ml, respectively). Thus, 3 U/ml was used as the cut-off value. The mean of serum MG levels and positive rates in malignant diseases were significantly high; 4.4 U/ml and 32.3% in lung cancer, 20.1 U/ml and 77.5% in pancreas cancer 11.6 U/ml and 64.3% in gastric cancer, 12.9 U/ml and 57.1% in hepatoma, 12.3 U/ml and 77.8 in colon cancer. Other malignancies such as ovarial and uterus cancer showed also high levels. Elevated values in these malignancies were observed frequently in patients with metastasis. On the other hand, the false positive cases were found in 10% of benign diseases. Determination of MG seems to be useful for the detection of several kinds of malignancies, but it is not adequately sensitive as a screening method for early cancer detection.
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PMID:Clinical significance of mucin-like high molecular weight glycoprotein originated from lung cancer as tumor marker. 274 68

Tumor uptake of L-[methyl-11C]methionine ([11C]Met) was assessed in six patients with brain tumors and three patients with lung cancer using positron emission tomography (PET). In arterial plasma samples taken at 5, 15, 30, and 60 min after injection, a fraction of [11C]Met was measured using high performance liquid chromatography in individual patients. Employing curve fitting, a history of [11C]Met activity was obtained as an input function. By means of sequential PET scannings and graphic analysis, uptake rate and distribution volume of [11C]Met in tumor tissue were calculated. In two studies irreversible uptake into the tumors was not seen when total plasma 11C activity was used as the input; however when [11C]Met plasma activity was used, definite irreversible uptake was seen, indicating tumor viability. In other studies, up to 24% underestimation of uptake rate was found. The present results demonstrated the importance of measuring [11C]Met in plasma for quantitative assessment of in vivo amino acid metabolism in tumors.
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PMID:Quantitative evaluation of L-[methyl-C-11] methionine uptake in tumor using positron emission tomography. 280 45

This paper described the first clinical study of lung tumor scanning by positron emission tomography (PET) using C-11-labeled L-methionine (11C-L-Met). Tumor images were clearly visualized by high contrast in eight lung cancer patients and also in a patient with a silicotic nodule. Quantitative evaluations of methionine uptake in tumor tissue and normal tissue by comparing differential uptake ratios suggested that the extent to which 11C-L-Met accumulates in a tumor is closely correlated to the tumor's viability such as benign or malignant, viable or necrotic. 11C-L-Met is considered to be an effective tumor marker for PET diagnosis which represents increased amino acid metabolism of tumors in the mediastinum and lung.
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PMID:Lung tumor imaging by positron emission tomography using C-11 L-methionine. 298

The 27-amino-acid gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP1-27) is a neuropeptide and growth factor that is synthesized by various neural and neuroendocrine cells. The major pro-GRP hormone (isoform I) contains both GRP1-27 and a novel C-terminal extension peptide termed pro-GRP31-125. In order to define potentially active neuropeptides that could be generated from this novel protein domain, we analyzed the posttranslational processing of endogenous human pro-GRP1-125 in a small-cell lung cancer cell line. Because such studies are much easier in an overexpression system, we investigated at the same time the posttranslational processing of baculovirus-expressed human pro-GRP1-125 in an insect ovary cell line. In the small-cell lung cancer cell line, GRP1-27 was cleaved as expected from the endogenous prohormone at a pair of basic amino acids (29 and 30) and alpha-amidated at its C-terminal methionine; however, a number of novel peptides were generated by additional cleavages in the pro-GRP31-125 domain. In the insect ovary cell line, GRP1-27 was cleaved from the expressed prohormone by a different mechanism, as were a number of other peptides that appeared to be similar in size to those produced by the human neuroendocrine tumor cell line. These data show for the first time that an insect ovary cell line that is widely used to overexpress proteins can process a human neuropeptide precursor. They also reveal the existence of novel pro-GRP-derived peptides that are candidates for biologically active ligands.
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PMID:Posttranslational processing of endogenous and of baculovirus-expressed human gastrin-releasing peptide precursor. 321 Nov 39

We have used radioiodination (125I) and two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis to determine that small- (oat) cell lung carcinoma (SCC)--a tumor with neuroendocrine features--possesses a surface protein pattern distinct from the other types of lung cancer cells (squamous, adeno-, and large-cell undifferentiated carcinoma). Twelve distinguishing proteins, 40 to 70 kilodaltons (kDal), characterized four separate lines of SCC; three of these, designated E (60 kDal; pI = 7.3), S (30 kDal; pI = 6.0), and U (57 kDal; pI = 5.6), may be unique SCC gene products and were identified only in [35S]methionine labeling of SCC and not in non-SCC or human fibroblasts. Two lines of adeno-, one of squamous, and one of undifferentiated large-cell lung carcinoma exhibited similar surface protein patterns to one another. Nine distinguishing proteins (40 to 100 kDal) and at least five large proteins (greater than 100 kDal) were unique to these lines. The surface protein phenotypes for SCC and non-SCC were distinct from those for human lymphoblastoid cells and fibroblasts. However, the neuroendocrine features of SCC were further substantiated because 6 of the 12 distinguishing SCC surface proteins, including E and U, were identified on human neuroblastoma cells. The proteins identified should (i) help define differentiation steps for normal and neoplastic bronchial epithelial cells, (ii) prove useful in better classifying lung cancers, and (iii) be instrumental in tracing formation of neuroendocrine cells.
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PMID:A unique cell-surface protein phenotype distinguishes human small-cell from non-small-cell lung cancer. 628 11

Two murine IgG2Ak monoclonal antibodies (703D4, 704A 1) were produced and characterized after immunization with a human large cell lung cancer line (NCI-H 157). These antibodies detect different epitopes on 31 kilodalton [35S]methionine incorporating protein(s). Radiobinding and immunohistochemical studies show these antibodies bind to most (11/13) human non-small cell lung cancer (adenocarcinoma, epidermoid, and large cell), but not to small cell lung cancer (0/11) tumors tested. The epitopes these antibodies recognized are also expressed on human melanomas (7/8), two other tumors (osteogenic sarcoma, renal cell carcinoma), but not on many other human tumors (breast, colon, neuroblastoma, lymphoid), and not on a panel of normal adult human tissues. Because the antigen(s) are preserved after fixation and because of their ability to distinguish lung cancer types from each other and normal tissues, they should be of clinical, as well as of biologic interest.
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PMID:Monoclonal antibodies that distinguish non-small cell from small cell lung cancer. 630 2


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