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Query: UMLS:C0242379 (lung cancer)
 71,905 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Primary cancer of the lung is the most frequent malignant tumor in Switzerland among males and its frequency is rapidly increasing among females. The rate of failure after curative treatment including surgery and/or radiotherapy is about 80%. A large proportion of lung tumors are already inoperable at the time of diagnosis, a fact which accounts for the importance of chemotherapy as a palliative treatment for lung cancer. Single drug chemotherapies are relatively ineffective, with an overall response rate of 20% and a response rate of up to 50% for small cell tumors. Combination chemotherapies attain a 50 to 90% response rate in small cell tumors while the rate of failure is 50% or more in other cell types. Published results of post-surgical adjuvant chemotherapy of lung cancer are equivocal, possibly due to unwanted differences in the selection of patients and in therapeutic schedule. It is still not demonstrated that adjuvant chemotherapy improves lung cancer treatment.
Schweiz Med Wochenschr 1978 Sep 23
PMID:[Medical treatment of primary pulmonary neoplasms]. 8 21

Serum levels of carcino-embryonic antigen (CEA) and beta2-microglobulin (beta2m) were assayed on 133 sera during follow-up of 31 patients with lung carcinoma (squamous cell ca. without recurrence : 2, squamous cell ca. with recurrence : 11, anaplastic cell ca. : 4, adenocarcinoma : 2, unclassifiable : 5). Normal creatinine (less than or equal to 12 mg/l) levels were found in all sera. CEA and beta2m levels showed no correlation nor in these groups, nor in the whole. The squamous cell carcinomas with recurrence showed the largest dispersion for CEA as for beta2m levels. However, the trends of serial beta2m values did not correlate with clinical features. Increasing or decreasing levels of CEA and beta2m levels showed no correlation in the whole nor in patients undergoing radiotherapy. In our experience, beta2m levels failed to correlate with clinical findings during the follow-up of lung cancer patients.
Pathol Biol (Paris) 1978 Sep
PMID:[Comparison of serum levels of beta2-microglobulin and carcino-embryonic antigen in the follow-up of lung cancer (author's transl)]. 8 84

First-degree relatives of lung-cancer patients and of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease had significantly higher age-sex-race-smoking-adjusted rates of impaired forced expiration than first-degree relatives of patients with non-pulmonary disease or community-derived comparison series (neighbourhood controls and teachers). Subclassification of the data and multiple adjustment for smoking, race, sex, and other confounding factors emphasised the consistency of the pattern. These findings strongly suggest that lung cancer and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease share a common familial component other than smoking. The clinical manifestation may depend on the presence of one or more other cofactors as yet undefined.
Lancet 1977 Sep 10
PMID:A common familial component in lung cancer and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. 9 31

Phosphodiesterase I (EC 3.1.4.1) activity was detected in normal human blood serum. The enzyme is stable at laboratory temperature for three days, but is inactivated at pH less than 7. The pH for optimum activity increases with the substrate concentration (under the conditions used, from pH 9.0 to 10.2) and, conversely, the Km increases with pH and buffer concentration. The enzyme is inhibited by ethylenediaminetetraacetate but not by phosphate (0.1 mol/liter). We developed a simple quantitative method for its determination, based on hydrolysis of the p-nitrophenyl ester of thymidine 5'-monophosphate and subsequent measurement of the liberated p-nitrophenol at 400 nm in NaOH (0.1 mol/liter). Normal values (mean +/- 2 SD) were determined to be 33 +/- 6.4 U/liter. Preliminary studies indicate that phosphodiesterase I activity is greater than normal in serum of patients with necrotic changes in the liver or kidney or in cases of breast cancer, but not in that of patients with myocardial infarction, bone cancer, lung cancer, or chronic liver cirrhosis.
Clin Chem 1975 Sep
PMID:Determination of phosphodiesterase I activity in human blood serum. 16 91

The level of serum angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) was elevated in 15 of 17 patients with active sarcoidosis. Serum ACE was studied to determine the effect of chronic lung disease upon the blood level of an enzyme believed to originate from the lungs. The assay was performed in approximately 200 control subjects and 200 patients with chronic lung disease using hippuryl-L-histidyl-L-leucine as substrate. Enzyme activity greater in male control subjects than in female subjects of comparable age and greater in children than in adults. Serum ACE was significantly reduced in patients with chronic obstructive lung disease, lung cancer, tuberculosis and cystic fibrosis, as compared to control subjects, and was even lower in those receiving corticosteroids. Of greatest interest, however, was that levels in patients with active sarcoidosis not receiving steroids were greater than 2 standard deviations above the mean for the adult control subjects (greater than 11.6 units) whereas levels in patients with sarcoidosis receiving steroids and in those with resolved disease were normal. A survey of subjects with other granulomatous diseases failed to reveal any other condition that was significantly associated with a similar elevation of serum ACE levels. Elevation of ACE levels in sarcoidosis appears to be associated with the active disease process and does not appear to be a familial inherited enzyme abnormality. An assay of serum ACE is a useful tool for regulating therapy in sarcoidosis and for confirming the diagnosis, since it readily distinguishes these patients from others with tuberculosis, lung cancer or lymphoma.
Am J Med 1975 Sep
PMID:Elevation of serum angiotensin-converting-enzyme (ACE) level in sarcoidosis. 16 92

Between May, 1963 and December, 1966, 17 medical centers cooperated in two separate but integrated therapeutic trials of primary lung cancer. One study was of patients with lesions considered operable at the time of diagnosis, and the other of patients with initially inoperable cancer but who were considered potentially operable after radiotherapy. Patients operable at the time of diagnosis were randomly assigned to receive either immediate surgery (278 patients) or preoperative radiotherapy followed by surgery (290 patients). All but one were followed until death or 5 years survival. Survival to each anniversary after randomization was almost identical for the two groups. At 5 years the survival rate was 14% after preoperative radiotherapy and 16% after immediate surgery. On the basis of the small standard error of the difference between these survival rates, a large advantage or a large disadvantage for preoperative radiotherapy is unlikely. Recurrence of cancer either locally or as distant metastasis was also similar in the two groups. Postoperative mortality was estimated to be 11% in the immediate surgery group, but cannot be estimated in a comparable fashion for the irradiated group. Certain postoperative complications were more frequent in the irradiated group, but survival during the first was not affected. Out of 425 patients initially considered to be inoperable, 152 were considered resectable after radiotherapy. These patients were randomly assigned to have either a thoracotomy and resection of their cancer if possible (78 patients) or no surgery (74 patients). Survival to each anniversary after randomization was very similar. After 5 years the survival rate was 8% for the group assigned to surgery and 6% for the group assigned to no surgery. The difference has a standard error of 4%.
Cancer 1975 Sep
PMID:Preoperative irradiation of cancer of the lung: final report of a therapeutic trial. A collaborative study. 17 Oct 57

Detailed studies of immune reactivity were performed in 154 patients with primary lung cancer, 20 patients with benign thoracic lesions, and 109 healthy persons. Reactions to the 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) skin test were postive in 73 per cent of patients with lung cancer and all (100 per cent) of the patients with benign disease (p less than 0.05). The incidence of DNCB reactions was 78 per cent for Stage I and II cancers (37 patinets), 73 per cent for resectable Stage III cancer (22 patients), and 66 per cent in patients with unresectable or inoperable Stage III cancer. DNCB reactivity showed a relationship to primary histology. The incidence of DNCB positive reactions was 80 per cent in patients with epidermold carcinoma versus 57 per cent in patients with adenocarcinoma, 64 per cent in patients with oat cell cancer, and 80 per cent in patients with terminal bronchiolar carcinoma. In vitro immune studeis correlated best with stage of disease. These included the absolute lymphocyte count and absolute T cell count and lymphoxyte stimulation witalen A (Com A). These values were in the normal range in patients with Stage I cancer but were significantly depressed in patients with Stage III cancer. Svrvival curves were plotted in patients with Stage III disease according to the responses to three immune parameters: DNCB, absolute lymphocyte count, and PHS stimulation. Although patients with normal reactions generally had better survival rates, PHA responses showed the most significant correlation to survival. These tests support the usefulness of immune testing as an additional parameter of assessing biological risk in patients with primary lung cancer.
J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1976 Sep
PMID:Immune reactivity in primary carcinoma of the lung and its relation to prognosis. 18 63

Analysis was carried out according to stage and tissue type of 392 consecutive cases of lung cancer diagnosed at David Grant Medical Center between 1960 and 1974. Biphasic survival curves were described with a variable primary phase and a constant (1.1 percent per month) secondary phase. Survival was found to correlate both to histology and stage. The best survival was found in stage I bronchoalveolar carcinoma. Even in the more favorable categories a leveling off of survival was not found. This study strongly suggests that surgical treatment of lung cancer, while beneficial, cannot expect to be considered as a curative procedure in more than 10 percent of cases. Radiotherapy did not prolong survival.
West J Med 1977 Sep
PMID:Survival in lung cancer. 19 73

This report concerns a case of lung cancer, which is of interest because it proves that an epithelial tumor is capable of spreading in a manner morphologically identical to that of a malignant lymphoreticular tumor.
Hum Pathol 1978 Sep
PMID:Leukotic spread: an unusual tumor transition. 21 76

This study was done on 110 lung cancer patients who had received surgical resection consisted of two groups; one group of 43 who survived more than 5 years without recurrence and the other group of 67 who died within one year following surgery. Prognostic significance of the histopathological features at the primary tumor site as well as the regional lymph nodes were compared between the two groups. Blood vessel invasion by the tumor and lymph node metastasis appeared to be equally significant prognostic factors. Patients having the both factors had little chance for survival. Abundant lymphoid cell infiltration around the tumor was associated with longer survival. Lymphoid cell infiltration at the site of blood vessel invasion also was associated with better prognosis. Follicular hyperplasia and paracortical hyperplasia in the regional lymph nodes were favorable prognostic indicators, whereas sinus histocytosis was poorly significant prognostic indicator.
Jpn J Surg 1979 Sep
PMID:Histopathological factors predictive for prognosis of lung cancer. 22 32


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