Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0242379 (lung cancer)
 71,905 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Using single-strand conformation polymorphism we have found two polymorphic sites, AAC to AAT at codon 511 (exon 12) and GCT to GCG at codon 708 (exon 15), in the MCC gene. These sites and an RsaI polymorphic site in APC allowed us to study 23 human small cell lung cancer (SCLC) and 7 non-small cell lung cancer samples for allele loss. Of the 23 SCLC samples, 21 (91%) were informative for one or more of these markers, and we found allele loss in more than 80% (17 of 21). In non-small cell lung cancer samples, 5 of 7 (71%) were informative, and reduction or loss of one allele was found in 2 of 5 (40%). Seven cases were informative for both genes, loss of heterozygosity occurred for both genes in five, one retained heterozygosity for both, and one SCLC had loss of heterozygosity for APC but not for MCC. We conclude that loss of heterozygosity occurs frequently for MCC and APC in lung cancer of all histological types and is very frequent in SCLC. This suggests the presence of tumor suppressor gene(s) in the MCC/APC region of 5q21 involved in human lung cancer.
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PMID:Polymorphic sites within the MCC and APC loci reveal very frequent loss of heterozygosity in human small cell lung cancer. 134 17

The isoelectric point and proportions of soluble and membrane bound dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-IV) in human lung and spinocellular lung cancer tissue were tested. It was found that soluble DPP-IV is relatively less frequent in the cancer than in normal lung tissue. We demonstrated multiple molecular forms of DPP-IV in normal and cancer lung tissues, differing probably not only in the degree of sialylation. DPP-IV from lung cancer tissue consists of more basic molecular forms than that from normal lung tissue. These results suggest that the molecular properties of DPP-IV in normal and cancerous lung tissues may be different.
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PMID:Dipeptidyl peptidase IV in the human lung and spinocellular lung cancer. 168 89

Cancer mortality was studied among 265 male workers in 40 small plating factories (chromium, copper and nickel) where bicycle parts are plated. The study utilized record linkage with the Osaka Cancer Registry file between January 1, 1965 and December 31, 1979. The results showed that seven workers had died of cancer, and the Standardized Mortality Ratio (SMR) calculated for all cancers, stomach cancer and lung cancer were 1.13, 1.23 and 1.11, respectively, with no significant relationship found between the observed and expected values. The SMR for lung cancer among those workers with a high degree of skin ulceration and with perforation of the nasal septum was high, 11.22 and 5.13, respectively, although not statistically significant because of the small sample size in the study. The results suggest that lung cancer occurs in those subjected to a high degree of exposure to chromium.
Asia Pac J Public Health 1990
PMID:Epidemiological study of mortality from cancer among chromium platers. 227 68

This study examined mortality attributed to active and passive smoking in Taiwan for the years 1981 and 1990. It was estimated that 19,283 deaths, representing 19% of the total number of deaths in 1990 (almost one out of five deaths in Taiwan), were smoking related. On an average day, 53 people died as a result of cigarette smoking, including 13 deaths from passive smoking. More men died (14,140 deaths) from smoking-related causes than from all cancer deaths combined (13,161 deaths); 91% of lung cancer and 30% of all cancers were due to smoking. In comparison, the smoking attributable mortality was much less for women, with 5,143 deaths. In addition, almost 5,000 deaths can be attributed to passive smoking every year in Taiwan with more deaths from women than from men. The overall prevalence rates for cigarette smoking has changed little in the last 20 years; approximately 60% for men and 4% for women although a consistent increase of one million new smokers was added every decade. Among younger people, the rate increased substantially, while it dropped 10-15% among middle-aged and older persons. Smoking is the largest single source of health risk in Taiwan. It is crucial that strategies to prevent smoking initiation among young people be developed so that the most vulnerable group can receive immediate attention. Despite the recent aggressive smoking cessation campaign by the Department of Health, much work remains. In order to facilitate this work, it is therefore recommended that the government commit to a goal of smoke-free nation by the year 2010.
Asia Pac J Public Health 1994
PMID:The health impact of cigarette smoking in Taiwan. 760 94

Seventeen patients with lung cancer over 80 years were treated surgically from 1983 through 1993 in our department. Thirteen patients were male and four were female. The histology of the tumor was adenocarcinomas, squamous, large and small cell carcinomas, in 9, 6, 1 and 1 cases, respectively. More than single lobectomy was performed in each patient. Unilateral pulmonary occlusion test was applied in patients whose expected contralateral FEV1.0/BSA was less than 800 ml.m2, or expected residual FEV1.0/BSA was less than 850 ml.m-2. Postoperative cardiovascular complications, such as PAT, PAC, PVC or Af, were seen in 9 patients, respiratory problems, namely, sputa retention, retained secretions or atelectasis, in 7 patients. Blood chemistry and hematology were performed for about three weeks after operations, and found increases in serum transaminases, and leukocytosis. However, there were no operative death. We conclude that some patients over 80 years of age are candidates for surgery after careful cardiopulmonary preoperative evaluation.
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PMID:[Surgical treatment of lung cancer over 80 years of age: investigation from post operative complications]. 774 55

The retinoblastoma (Rb) family consists of the tumor suppressor pRb/p105 and related proteins p107 and pRb2/p130. Recent immunohistochemical studies of the retinoblastoma family of proteins in 235 specimens of lung cancer show the tightest inverse association between the histological grading in the most aggressive tumor types and pRb2/p130. This led us to study a panel of human lung cancers for mutations in the RB2/p130 gene. Mutations in the Rb-related gene RB2/p130 were detected in 11 of 14 (78.5%) primary lung tumors by single-strand conformation polymorphism and sequence analysis. A Moloney leukemia virus-based retroviral system was set up, and a comparable viral concentration of 1 x 10(7) infectious units/ml was obtained. Retrovirus-mediated delivery of wild-type RB2/p130 to the lung tumor cell line H23 potently inhibited tumorigenesis in vitro and in vivo, as shown by the dramatic growth arrest observed in a colony assay and the suppression of anchorage-independent growth potential and tumor formation in nude mice. The tumors transduced with the RB2/p130 retrovirus diminished in size after a single injection, and a 12-fold reduction in tumor growth after RB2/p130 transduction compared with the Pac-transduced tumors (92% reduction, P = 0.003) and lacZ-transduced tumors (93% reduction, P < 0.001) was found to be statistically significant. These findings provide the missing confirmation that RB2/p130 is a "bona fide" tumor suppressor gene and strengthen the hypothesis that it may be a candidate for cancer gene therapy for lung cancer.
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PMID:Mutations in the retinoblastoma-related gene RB2/p130 in lung tumors and suppression of tumor growth in vivo by retrovirus-mediated gene transfer. 1147 39

Despite the secular trend of decreasing prevalence of smoking and consumption of tobacco in most industrialized countries, the prevalence of smoking in Japan continues to be one of the highest. Based on the alternative measure of population attributable fractions, the present study gives an estimate of the number of deaths and the years of life lost (YLLs) attributable to tobacco in Japan for both 1985 and 1995. This study shows a considerable increase in mortality from tobacco-related diseases over the decade, in particular from lung cancer and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, a consequence of the intensified exposure to tobacco in the early 1960s. Although the period of the highest exposure to tobacco was in the late 1970s, prevalence of smoking is still considerably high in Japan and the burden from tobacco will persist if proper anti-smoking measures are not implemented immediately.
Asia Pac J Public Health 1999
PMID:Change in mortality and years of life lost attributable to tobacco in Japan, 1985 and 1995. 1119 60

Human chromosome 11p15.3 is associated with chromosome aberrations in the Beckwith Wiedemann Syndrome and implicated in the pathogenesis of different tumor types including lung cancer and leukemias. To date, only single tumor-relevant genes with linkage to this region (e.g. LMO1) have been found suggesting that this region may harbor additional potential disease associated genes. Although this genomic area has been studied for years, the exact order of genes/chromosome markers between D11S572 and the WEE1 gene locus remained unclear. Using the FISH technique and PAC clones of the flanking markers we determined the order of the genomic markers. Based on these clones we established a PAC contig of the respective region. To analyse the chromosome area in detail the synteny of the orthologous region on distal mouse chromosome 7 was determined and a corresponding mouse clone contig established, proving the conserved order of the genes and markers in both species: "cen-WEE1-D11S2043-ZNF143-RANBP7-CEGF1- ST5-D11S932-LMO1-D11S572-TUB-tel", with inverted order of the murine genes with respect to the telomere/centromere orientation. The region covered by these contigs comprises roughly 1.6 MB in human as well as in mouse. The genomic sequence of the two subregions (around WEE1 and LMO1) in both species was determined using a shotgun sequencing strategy. Comparative sequence analysis techniques demonstrate that the content of repetitive elements seems to decline from centromere to telomere (52.6% to 34.5%) in human and in the corresponding murine region from telomere to centromere (41.87% to 27.82%). Genomic organisation of the regions around WEE1 and LMO1 was conserved, although the length of gene regions varied between the species in an unpredictable ratio. CpG islands were found conserved in putative promoter regions of the known genes but also in regions which so far have not been described as harboring expressed sequences.
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PMID:Comparative architectural aspects of regions of conserved synteny on human chromosome 11p15.3 and mouse chromosome 7 (including genes WEE1 and LMO1). 1152 26

PURPOSE. This paper is based on the author's keynote address given at the Seventh International Conference on the Health Problems of Chinese in North America. METHODS. The author/speaker reviewed the literature related to Chinese American health problems within the context of the broader demographic and aggregated health data reported on Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders. FINDINGS. In addition to background demographic statistics provided on Chinese Americans, the author/speaker focused on two categories of diseases: (1) communicable diseases; and (2) chronic diseases because of the greater availability of data on these categories. Communicable diseases from which Chinese Americans appear to suffer disproportionally are tuberculosis and hepatitis B. Infection with the hepatitis B virus also makes Chinese Americans much more susceptible to chronic liver diseases including cancer. Chinese also suffer disproportionally more from nasopharyngeal cancer; because of higher than average adult male smoking rates, these men can be expected to suffer disproportionally from a future epidemic of lung cancer cases. Unhealthy acculturation patterns in food consumption point towards changing profiles of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality as well as higher rates of dietary related cancers. OBSERVATIONS. Rather than conclusions, observations of the current health status of Chinese Americans were offered. Four measures that organizations such as the Chinese medical societies and Chinese American health professionals can pursue to advance the health status of Chinese Americans, particularly in the area of heaslth policy, are: (1) voting; (2) collecting data on health status; (3) writing for professional journals; and (4) being active in policy development. KEY WORDS. Chinese Americans; health status; tuberculosis; hepatits B; cancer; diet; acculturation; smoking
Asian Am Pac Isl J Health 1995
PMID:KEYNOTE ADDRESS OF THE SEVENTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON THE HEALTH OF CHINESE IN NORTH AMERICA: Health Status of Chinese Americans: Challenges and Opportunities. 1156 92

Recently, we reported that a recurrent translocation, t(1;3)(p36;p21) is closely associated with prior chemotherapy including alkylating agents, assessing eight patients with various hematologic malignancies (Genes, Chromosomes and Cancer 34:186-192), 2002). Furthermore, we delineated the 1p36 breakpoint in two patients lying between RP11-BAC47P3 and RP5-PAC963K15 at 1p36.3 with a small deletion near the breakpoint. In one of them, we also found deletion at 3p21.3 with cosNRL9 probe, which is included in a 370-kb lung cancer homologous deletion region. However, due to scantiness of the patient materials at that time, we could not determine the precise breakpoint at 1p36 or 3p21 in any of the patients. In this report, we identified the 1p36 and 3p21 breakpoints of an AML (M3) patient who is included in the previous patient series. The patient showed t(1;3)(p36;p21) together with t(15;17) at the third relapse. With FISH using BAC/PAC probes, we determined the 1p36 breakpoint within RP11-295B1 at 1p36.2 and the 3p21 breakpoint between RP11-3B7 and RP11-901L6 at 3p21.3. There was no deletion around the two breakpoints in this patient. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report that has identified the precise breakpoint of t(1;3)(p36;p21) translocation. It is obvious that the 1p36.2 and 3p21.3 breakpoints of this patient are different from those of the previous patients, suggesting that the genes and the molecular event is different from those of the previous patients. The patients with t(1;3)(p36;p21) should be subclassified according to the precise breakpoints or the genes involved.
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PMID:Identification of the breakpoints at 1p36.2 and 3p21.3 in an AML(M3) patient who had t(1;3)(p36.2;p21.3) at the third relapse. 1237 31


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