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Query: UMLS:C0242379 (lung cancer)
 71,905 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

From July 1969 to December 1972 a clinical trial was carried out to determine the effects of radiotherapy and chemotherapy individually or in combination on lung cancer. During the first three years of the study 53 of 234 patients underwent curative resection. III of the remaining patients were inoperable and were suitable for inclusion in the study. The patients were randomly assigned to four groups: 1) observation only, 2) chemotherapy (Hydroxyurea) only, 3) radiotherapy only, or 4) combination chemotherapy and radiotherapy. There were no differences in survival in any of the treated groups.
Z Krebsforsch Klin Onkol Cancer Res Clin Oncol 1975
PMID:Cancer of the lung and its response to non-surgical treatment. 4 84

Only patients with localized lung cancer benefit from curative resection. Curative radiotherapy is recommended in patients with a resectable tumor in whom surgery is precluded for medical reasons. Adjuvant preoperative or postoperative therapy of any type does not improve the results of surgery except in patients with Pancoast tumor. Therapy for nonlocalized tumors does not affect survival. Radiotherapy has a palliative effect in 50 to 75 per cent of patients presenting with symptoms from either a primary lesion or metastases and should therefore be recommended in symptomatic patients. The palliative effect of chemotherapy is limited in lung cancers other than small cell carcinomas. However, chemotherapy alone or in association with radiotherapy produces remarkable tumor regression and some improvement of survival in small cell carcinoma. The use of immunotherapy in the treatment of lung cancer is still under evaluation.
Med Clin North Am 1977 Nov
PMID:Lung cancer. 7 94

In the present work the results of a radiotherapy protocol for the treatment of inoperable lung cancer are examined. The study was carried out on two groups of patients treated successively; the first of 140 patients by means of cobalt therapy at the normal rate, up to a dose of 4,500 to 5,000 rads in 5 weeks; the second of 221 cases by means of concentrated radiotherapy in two series of 2,000 rads in five sessions, separated by 3 weeks of rest. The results show a more rapid regression of the symptomatology in the second group of patients and a clear superiority in respect to the survival rate. The patients treated at the normal rate showed after 6 months a survival rate of 40 percent as against 60.5 percent in the second group. This difference became more evident when comparing the histologic types: 9 and 57 percent respectively for anaplastic carcinomas. The survival rate after 1 year shows a difference between the two groups which is statistically significant (16 and 21 percent respectively) (p less than 0.05). In no case did we find complications of the type of esophagitis, pericarditis or transverse myelitis. The treatment in two sessions was better tolerated both from the physical and the psychic point of view by all the patients because of the 3 weeks of rest. The superiority in regard to survival, the rapid disappearance of the symptomatology, as well as the reduction in the therapy time, justify the use of concentrated radiotherapy in the treatment of this type of tumors even in the more advanced stages of the disease.
Med Clin (Barc) 1979 Mar 10
PMID:[Treatment of inoperable lung carcinoma by means of concentrated radiotherapy: results from 361 cases (author's transl)]. 10 77

Eighty one patients (59 females, 22 males) with advanced solid tumors were treated with Adriamycin in doses of 40 mg/m2 body surgace daily, in two days cycles, with resting periods of 3 weeks. Overall response rate was 46% (37/81). In breast cancer response rate was 56% (13/23) and in ovarian cancer 48% (13/27). In various other tumors remission was observed in soft tissue sarcomas (3/8), thyroid cancer (1/7), osteogenic sarcoma (1/4), oesophageal cancer (2/4), lung cancer (2/4), bladder cancer (1/2) and hepatoma (1/2). In breast cancer patients, 2-7 month remission duration was observed (M equal to 4.5 month) and in ovarian cancer 1.5-5 month (M equal to 3.2 month). Adriamycin was also applied intrapleurally in 31 patients with malignant pleural effusions with a low response rate (26%). This modified schedule of Adriamycin administration showed a high antitumor activity in breast and ovarian cancer and in soft tissue sarcomas. Squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus was also sensitive to Adriamycin therapy. The very low rate of myelosuppression and oral ulceration showed the decreased toxicity of this Adriamycin administration schedule.
Z Krebsforsch Klin Onkol Cancer Res Clin Oncol 1977
PMID:Modified administration schedule of adriamycin in solid tumors. 14 May 42

Phosphodiesterase I (EC 3.1.4.1) activity was detected in normal human blood serum. The enzyme is stable at laboratory temperature for three days, but is inactivated at pH less than 7. The pH for optimum activity increases with the substrate concentration (under the conditions used, from pH 9.0 to 10.2) and, conversely, the Km increases with pH and buffer concentration. The enzyme is inhibited by ethylenediaminetetraacetate but not by phosphate (0.1 mol/liter). We developed a simple quantitative method for its determination, based on hydrolysis of the p-nitrophenyl ester of thymidine 5'-monophosphate and subsequent measurement of the liberated p-nitrophenol at 400 nm in NaOH (0.1 mol/liter). Normal values (mean +/- 2 SD) were determined to be 33 +/- 6.4 U/liter. Preliminary studies indicate that phosphodiesterase I activity is greater than normal in serum of patients with necrotic changes in the liver or kidney or in cases of breast cancer, but not in that of patients with myocardial infarction, bone cancer, lung cancer, or chronic liver cirrhosis.
Clin Chem 1975 Sep
PMID:Determination of phosphodiesterase I activity in human blood serum. 16 91

Six cases of primary lung cancer that closely mimic malignant pleural mesothelioma clinically and anatomically are compared with four proven cases of malignant pleural mesothelioma. Findings on roentgenograms of the chest, clinical history, and gross examination of the lung specimens are not helpful in distinguishing between these two neoplasms. Microscopic examination of the hematoxylin and eosin-stained tissues is often inconclusive. Tissues were stained with hematoxylin and eosin, PAS with and without diastase treatment (DPAS), mucicarmine, alcian blue, toluidine blue, and colloidal iron with and without digestion by testicular hyaluronidase. Among these histochemical methods, DPAS was found to be particularly useful in distinguishing the primary lung cancers from the mesotheliomas. All primary lung cancers except one showed DPAS-positive material (mucin) in both the cytoplasm of the cancer cells and within the lumina of neoplastic glands. In contrast, none of the mesotheliomas showed the presence of DPAS-positive material. Histologically, all lung cancers were glandular. Five were classified as bronchiolar carcinoma, the remaining one as poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma. In two of the bronchiolar carcinomas, a small subpleural primary focus was demonstrated. This finding suggests a possible origin of these cancers as a small subpleural tumor that became widely disseminated via the subpleural lymphatics. This form of primary lung cancer possesses sufficient gross and microscopic characteristics that recognition should be given to it as a variant of primary lung cancer, with emphasis on differentiating it from pleural mesothelioma.
Am J Clin Pathol 1976 Feb
PMID:Pseudomesotheliomatous carcinoma of the lung. A variant of peripheral lung cancer. 17 52

ACTH levels measured by N- and C-terminal immunoassays and cytochemical bioassay, were measured in fourteen lung tumours not associated with the ectopic ACTH syndrome and in macroscopically normal lung tissue taken from the same patients at thoracotomy. Significant concentrations of immunocative (greater than 3 ng/g wet weight) and bioactive (greater than 0.2 ng/g wet weight) ACTH were found in all the carcinoid and oat cell tumours (n=9), a combined tumour (poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma with large cell carcinoid elements), and a poorly differentiated squamous cell tumour. All the carcinoid tumours contained more C- than N-terminal ACTH immunoactivity. The squamous cell tumours (n=2), anaplastic tumours (n=2) and adenocarcinoma contained insignificant ACTH levels. There was a good correlation between the ACTH levels and the presence of secretory granules in the tumours examined ultrastructually. All the macroscopically normal samples of lung tissue contained immuno and bioactive ACTH-like material, the levels of which correlated well with ACTH levels in the tumour tissue. It is suggested that all lung tumours of carcinoid or oat cell type synthesize ACTH-like materials although clinical evidence of the ectopic ACTH syndrome may be absent. The presence of ACTH-like materials in non-tumorous lung tissue in patients with lung cancer may indicate a low level of ACTH production throughout the lung or sequestration of ACTH containing granules secreted by the tumour.
Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 1977 Feb
PMID:Lung tumours and ACTH production. 19 Dec 21

The experience of coping with lung cancer--from diagnosis to treatment to inevitable death--is indescribably difficult for the cancer patient. The nurse, with her basic knowledge of the disease process, diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment, and by employing her sensitivity to the patient's emotional needs, can ease the pain of this experience. The nurse must use her technical knowledge and understanding to provide the patient with the knowledge he needs to participate in his own care as well as the emotional strength to deal with the physiologic strains of the disease.
Nurs Clin North Am 1978 Jun
PMID:The nursing care of lung cancer patients: emphasizing chemotherapy. 20 14

Most patients with lung cancer subjected to surgical resection are likely to have residual tumor burdens which lead to clinical relapse and death. Unfortunately, none of the systemic therapies for squamous cell, large cell and adenocarcinoma of the lung have demonstrated curative potential either in the advanced disease or in the surgical adjuvant setting. Interest in clinical trials of adjuvant therapy in lung cancer have been rekindled by three factors: 1) reports indicating the value of immunotherapy, 2) preliminary encouraging experience with new chemotherapy programs, and 3) methodologies including stage- and cell type-specific clinical trials leading to better interpretation of results. These concepts have stimulated new treatment protocol studies within the NCI-sponsored Lung Cancer Study Group, and clinical cooperative groups.
Cancer Clin Trials 1978
PMID:Adjuvant systemic therapy of lung cancer. 22 81

Plasma and 24-hour urinary cyclic AMP and cyclic GMP levels were determined by saturation analysis in specimens from normal subjects and from 101 patients with tumours of the gastrointestinal tract, breast, lung, bladder or prostate, or with cirrhosis of the liver. Relative to 46 control subjects, plasma cyclic GMP concentrations were significantly elevated in seven patients with gastric tumours, 20 patients with cancer of the breast, six patients with lung cancer, and 12 patients with cirrhosis of the liver. Urinary cyclic GMP/creatinine ratios were significantly increased in cirrhotic patients and in the lung and oesophageal cancer groups. In no cancer group were increases in plasma or urine cyclic GMP levels sufficiently consistent to be of value in the diagnosis of human malignant disease. Changes in extracellular fluid cyclic nucleotide levels in the cirrhotic group were very similar to those that have been reported for primary hepatoma patients.
J Clin Pathol 1979 Oct
PMID:Plasma and urine cyclic nucleotide levels in malignant disease and cirrhosis of the liver. 23 Feb 5


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