Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0242379 (lung cancer)
 71,905 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Forty-seven patients with stage III lung cancer from four institutions in the Denver area were entered in a study comparing two regimens of chemotherapy. The patients were randomized into two groups: Group A received lomustine, cyclophosphamide, vincristine, cisplatin, and doxorubicin monthly; Group B received the five-drug regimen on Months 1, 3, and 5 and received 5-FU by constant infusion, methotrexate, and mitomycin on Months 2, 4, and 6. The age, extent of disease, Karnofsky score, prior therapy, and average number of chemotherapy courses received in each group were comparable. The median survival in Group A was 265 days and in Group B was 163 days (P greater than 0.25). There does not seem to be an advantage in survival in patients who are treated with the eight-drug regimen over the five-drug regimen.
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PMID:Comparison of alternating to nonalternating chemotherapy regimens for non-small cell lung cancer. 301 1

The concentrations of FT, 5-FU and uracil in lung cancer tissue, healthy lung tissue and serum were measured in 10 patients with primary lung cancer to whom UFT (600 mg) had been administered for one week. No remarkable difference was found in the concentration of FT between both tissues. The concentration of 5-FU in lung cancer tissue was 0.099 +/- 0.051 microgram/g and significantly higher than the level of 0.009 +/- 0.003 microgram/ml in serum (p less than 0.001) and 0.039 +/- 0.021 microgram/g in normal lung tissue (p less than 0.01). The ratio of 5-FU concentration in cancerous tissue to that in the serum was 11.0, while the ratio of the level in cancerous tissue to that in normal lung tissue was 2.5. The concentration of uracil was much higher in cancerous tissue than in normal lung tissue and serum. Maintenance therapy with UFT proved possible for a long period in 11 primary lung cancer patients with negligible digestive side effects.
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PMID:[UFT in the treatment of primary lung cancer--5-FU concentration in the tissue and side effects]. 303 16

Concentration of FT-207, 5-FU and Uracil in blood and normal lung tissue were estimated for lung cancer patients to whom UFT was orally administered. The histological types of these cases were as follows: 10 squamous cell carcinomas, 10 adenocarcinomas, 2 large cell carcinomas and 1 small cell carcinoma. Average concentration of 5-FU in these tumor tissues was 0.101 +/- 0.107 microgram/g. This was a significantly higher 5-FU concentration in comparison to those in serum and normal lung tissue. Comparison of 5-FU concentration between squamous cell carcinomas and adenocarcinomas showed no significant difference. Between metastasis-positive lymph nodes and metastasis-negative lymph nodes, there was also no significant difference in 5-FU concentration, but there was a significant difference in Uracil concentration. This result showed an effective transition of 5-FU from serum to tumor tissues with oral administration of UFT. It was therefore concluded that UFT would be expected to have an antitumor effect in primary lung cancer patients.
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PMID:[5-FU concentration in blood and tissue of patients with primary lung cancer after oral administration of UFT]. 308 89

Postoperative serum and tissue concentrations of 5-FU, FT-207 and uracil were measured in 36 patients with lung cancer who were administered UFT for seven days preoperatively. The concentration of 5-FU was high in tumor tissue and lymph nodes, but very low in serum. Such differences were not observed in the FT-207 levels. Tumor concentration of 5-FU in patients administered daily doses of 600 mg was 0.151 +/- 0.099 microgram/g which was three times higher than the minimum inhibitory concentration, and higher than that seen with other doses. The histological type and T factor were not related to the tissue concentration of 5-FU. Lymph node metastasis was not related to the concentration of 5-FU in the lymph nodes. The optimal daily dose of UFT for patients with lung cancer was considered to be 600 mg.
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PMID:[Serum and tissue concentrations of UFT in patients with lung cancer]. 309 58

Forty-eight male Donryu rats inoculated with Sato lung cancer were used to experimentally determine the effects of intravenous feeding on the concentrations of the chemotherapeutic agents FT-207 and 5-FU in the blood, as well as in the liver and tumorigenic tissue. Following FT-207 administration, the blood, tumor and liver tissue levels were lower than in the IVH group (oral administration). The liver 5-FU concentration, at 0.10 +/- 0.02 microgram/g, was significantly higher in the intravenous feeding group than in the p.o. group (0.05 +/- 0.01 micrograms/g). The 5-FU blood concentration rose quickly, reaching 0.051 +/- 0.013 micrograms/ml and 0.035 +/- 0.004 micrograms/ml at 9 and 12 hours, respectively, following treatment. This was significantly higher than in the p.o. group, which showed corresponding levels of 0.031 +/- 0.004 microgram/ml and 0.022 +/- 0.002 microgram/ml, respectively. The increase in the 5-FU level within the tumor was markedly high in the IVH group compared to the p.o. group, and it peaked at 9 hours following administration. The concentration in the IVH group was thus higher than in the p.o. group at any given time. At 24 hours after treatment, the IVH group level was 0.35 +/- 0.09 microgram/g, against 0.27 +/- 0.05 microgram/g in the p.o. group. The blood concentration of 5-FU following intravenous feeding maintained a high value for a long time, and the 5-FU tumor concentration also remained at a high level. The intravenous route was therefore considered to be advantageous for antitumor chemotherapy.
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PMID:[Effects of intravenous feeding on adjuvant chemotherapy--an experimental study on the distribution of 5-FU after injection of tegafur (1)]. 309 49

The stomach, small and large intestines, heart, lungs, bone and kidneys were removed from 48 Sato lung cancer-bearing rats used in the previous experiments and given 90 mg/kg of tegafur (FT-207) by single intravenous administration and tissue 5-FU and FT-207 concentrations were measured. FT-207 concentration in the alimentary canal was somewhat lower than the blood concentration, but both were lowered in parallel. 5-FU concentration in the stomach and large intestines showed virtually identical changes in both IVH and PO groups, but IVH group tended to have higher concentration. IVH group showed higher values than PO group anytime, particularly in the large intestines. A reduction of the side effects on the digestive system via intravenous alimentation was thought due to the elimination of mechanical stimulation via a cessation of oral feeding. 5-FU concentration in the bone was highest in PO group at six hours after administration and blood concentration changes were parallel, but there was virtually no change in IVH group. Maximum values were found one hour after administration and slowly declined thereafter; at 24 hrs the values were 0.059 +/- 0.013 microgram/g, relatively high compared to the PO group at 0.041 +/- 0.022 microgram/g. In the present study under intravenous alimentation, the concentration changes were slight in spite of 5-FU maximum concentration being lower than that by oral feeding and the long-term high concentration which was maintained; this is thought to be a disadvantageous action with regard to the bone marrow. FT-207 concentration in the kidney, heart and lungs was the same as that for the blood, with a gradual reduction in IVH group. 5-FU concentration was the same for the kidneys and IVH group quickly reached to the high levels compared to PO group with only slight changes thereafter. Effects of continuous water load might be involved but not clear.
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PMID:[Effects of intravenous alimentation on adjuvant chemotherapy--an experimental study on the distribution of 5-FU after injection of tegafur (2)]. 311 43

In order to study the interactions between UFT and anticoagulants, the plasma and tissue concentrations of 5-FU, uracil and FT-207 were examined in patients with lung cancer. Higher plasma concentrations of 5-FU and uracil were observed in the patients who were given warfarin and ticlopidine beforehand, whereas the concentrations of FT-207 were almost the same in the patients who were given anticoagulants as in those who were not. This may be interpreted as an inhibition of dihydrouracil dehydrogenase, the common metabolizing enzyme of 5-FU and uracil, by anticoagulants. With regard to the tissue concentrations, higher levels of 5-FU and uracil in the tumor and lymph nodes were obtained after anticoagulants were given beforehand. Concentrations of FT-207 in these tissues, however, were almost the same in the patients who were given anticoagulants as in those who were not. We thus concluded that an increase of 5-FU in tumor cells and lymph nodes can be achieved after elevating the plasma concentrations of ordinary oral doses of UFT by using anticoagulation therapy beforehand.
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PMID:Interactions between UFT and anticoagulants in lung cancer patients. 313 66

Interactions between fluorinated Pyrimidine derivatives and anticoagulants were studied experimentally and clinically, using transplanted tumor tissues of Donryu rats and tissues from lung cancer patients. In rats, which were given 5-FU, uracil, tegafur and UFT respectively, the higher tumor concentrations of 5-FU and uracil were observed when given warfarin and ticlopidine beforehand, on the other hand, the concentrations of tegafur were almost the same between rats with and without anticoagulants. In patients with lung cancer, who were given UFT and anticoagulants, the higher concentrations of 5-FU and uracil in plasma, tumor and lymph nodes were observed than those who were given UFT alone. The 5-FU concentrations in normal lung tissues were about a half of those in tumor. These results suggest a existence of the synergistic effects between fluorinated pyrimidine derivatives and anticoagulants in plasma and tissue concentrations of 5-FU.
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PMID:[Experimental and clinical study of interactions between fluorinated pyrimidine derivatives and anticoagulants]. 313 97

Mitoxantrone is similar to Adriblastin in its mechanism of action and antitumor activity. Objective remissions were obtained in 20-30% pretreated patients and in 23-44% of untreated patients by single-drug treatment of patients suffering from metastatic breast cancer. The objective response rates to Mitoxantrone in combination with CTX, 5-FU, MTX, VCR, MMC. Prednimustine or Vindesine were 16-46% in treatment and 38-89% in primary treatment. Randomized studies comparing Mitoxantrone with Adriblastin in single-drug and combination treatment did not show any significant differences in efficacy. However, Mitoxantrone was significantly less toxic. Remission rates of between 24 and 54% were achieved by single-drug treatment in pretreated patients suffering from non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Mitoxantrone appears to be active in ovarian cancer, lung cancer and hepatocellular carcinoma.
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PMID:Mitoxantrone: mechanism of action, antitumor activity, pharmacokinetics, efficacy in the treatment of solid tumors and lymphomas, and toxicity. 332 53

A combination of 5-FU (600 mg/m2 on Days 1 and 8), doxorubicin (40 mg/m2 on Day 1), and cisplatin (75 mg/m2 on Day 1) has been used for treatment of 31 patients with advanced measurable adenocarcinoma of the lung and 35 with gastric cancer. The regimen was given every 4 weeks until disease progression to patients who had not received prior chemotherapy. One complete response occurred in the lung cancer group. Ten of the gastric cancer patients (29%) had partial responses. The median duration of response was 5.5 months and the median survival in responding patients was 10.8 months. Toxicity of the regimen was moderate. We conclude that this combination offers no particular advantages over previously described treatments for these diseases.
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PMID:Phase II trials of 5-FU, doxorubicin, and cisplatin in advanced, measurable adenocarcinoma of the lung and stomach. 352 26


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