Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0242379 (lung cancer)
 71,905 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

TS-1 is a novel oral anticancer agent comprised of tegafur, a prodrug of 5- flurouracil, and two modulators. A phase i study of tS-1 plus carboplatin combination therapy was conducted to determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD), recommended dose (RD), and dose limiting toxicities (DLT) in advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSClC). TS-1 was given orally at a dose of 80 mg/m(2)/day for 2 weeks, followed by a 2-week rest. Carboplatin was given intravenously on day 8 at a dose of 4.0, 5.0, 6.0 area under the curve (AUC) values. Fifteen patients with advanced NSClC were analyzed. the grade 3-4 toxicities observed during the first cycle were febrile neutropenia (6%), anemia (6%), anorexia (6%), and diarrhea (6%). these toxicities were reversible and manageable. The MTD for carboplatin was evaluated to be more than 6.0 AUC values, as one of six patients developed Dlt at this dose. the RD for carboplatin was estimated as 6.0 AUC values. Objective responses were seen in five patients (response rate 33%).
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PMID:A phase I study of TS-1 plus carboplatin in patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer. 1929 78

A 51-year-old man consulted our hospital with complaints of a headache and spasm of the left upper limbs in January 2007. He was diagnosed as left lung adenocarcinoma (c-T2N0M1, stage IV). His serum CEA level was 104.1 ng/mL. After the brain tumor extraction, CDDP (80 mg/m2) + GEM (1,000 mg/m2) were administered as first-line treatment, and the tumor response was PR (33.3% reduction rate), impaired liver function served to interrupt this regimen. Other chemotherapy was then conducted in the order of GEM (1,000 mg/m2) + VNR (25 mg/m2), and CBDCA (AUC=5) + DOC(60 mg/m2), and the tumor response was NC. As fourth-line treatment, S-1 (75 mg/m2, day 1-28, every 6 weeks) + CBDCA (AUC=5, day 8, every 6 weeks) was chosen. After 3 courses of the treatment, the serum CEA level normalized, a chest CT detected the left lung tumor size reduction (66.7% reduction rate), and an abdominal CT detected disappearance of the left adrenal gland tumor. In January 2008, left upper lobectomy and lymph node resection (ND2a) were performed. Histopathological examination of the lung tumor showed viable adenocarcinoma cells. Postoperatively, S-1+CBDCA also was administered in a 3-course treatment. This patient is currently continuing treatment with S-1 monotherapy with no recurrence. This case suggests that S-1+CBDCA may be an effective treatment in patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer even after multiple chemotherapy.
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PMID:[A case of advanced non-small-cell lung cancer successfully treated with S-1 plus CBDCA after multiple chemotherapy]. 1975 27

In late years the cancer adjuvant chemotherapy shifts from an inpatient care to an outpatient treatment. For operated lung cancer patients, outpatient chemotherapy center has been working since October 2005 in our hospital. Chemotherapy regimens were carboplatin (CBDCA) + paclitaxel (PTX), CBDCA + gemcitabine (GEM), docetaxel (DTX) + tegaful-gimeracil-oteracil potassium (S-1), and GEM + vinorel bine (VRE). CBDCA was chosen instead of cisplatin (CDDP) and non-platinum doublets are also used because of less toxicity and more time saving. Adjuvant chemotherapy has been performed for a total of 25 outpatients. Twenty-two out of 25 completed chemotherapy. Neutrophilopenia was the most common toxicity and grade 3 or 4 neutrophilopenia was seen in 6 patients. Adjuvant chemotherapy of outpatients can be completed safely by the choice of a safe regimen, supportive therapy for the toxicity, and cooperation with the community medicine organization. Our chemotherapy regimen are thought to be feasible for postoperative lung cancer outpatients.
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PMID:[Experience of postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy of lung cancer at outpatient department]. 1999 85

A modified diet in renal disease (MDRD), a formula to estimate glomerular filtration rate (GFR), was proposed by Levey in 2006. In this study, we compared the dosage of carboplatin (CBDCA) calculated using MDRD with that calculated by conservative creatinine clearance (Ccr), and investigated the actual dosage given and the incidence of its adverse effects. In the 101 patients undergoing chemotherapy including CBDCA, the dosage calculated from the estimated GFR was 16% lower than that based on the estimated Ccr. This difference was greater in those under 65 years, women and those with a body mass index (BMI) > or =25. The most prominent incidence of adverse effects was thrombocytopenia in patients with lung cancer. In men, a serum creatinine level of > or =0. 6 mg/dL, GFR of <50 mL/min/1. 73 m(2) and a combined use of gemcitabine were cited as the factors responsible for the development of thrombocytopenia. It was concluded that the MDRD formula is an effective tool for evaluating patients with impaired renal function. It was suggested, on the other hand, that the dosage for medication should be decided by giving due consideration to factors other than renal functions.
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PMID:[Clinical evaluation of calculating carboplatin doses using modification of diet in renal disease (MDRD) estimate and adverse events]. 2000 61

We report a case in which advanced lung cancer with mediastinal lymph node metastasis and recurrence of brain metastasis was completely responsive to combination chemotherapy and gamma knife radiosurgery. The patient was a 61-year-old woman, who suffered from advanced lung cancer (SCC) with bilateral mediastinal lymph node metastasis and contralateral lung nodule. She was treated with CBDCA combined with PTX. Bilateral lung nodules were surgically resected. Seven months after resection, solitary brain metastasis appeared, and gamma knife radiosurgery was performed. Histological efficacy of both primary lung tumor (SCC) and metastatic brain tumor was evaluated as Ef 3 (pCR). She has had no recurrence for 3 years after radiosurgery.
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PMID:[Advanced lung cancer with mediastinal lymph node metastasis and recurrence of brain metastasis completely responsive to combination chemotherapy and gamma knife radiosurgery--a case report]. 2003 40

A 66-year-old woman with small-cell lung cancer was administered chemo-radiotherapy consisting of cisplatin (CDDP) and etoposide (ETP). From day 3, she developed vomiting and hyponatremia that persisted despite fluid infusion and cortico-steroid administration. On day 7, the hyponatremia worsened (serum sodium level, 109 mEq/L), leading to disturbed consciousness and convulsions. The serum sodium level gradually increased after intravenous administration of hypertonic saline; on day 22, the serum sodium level was almost normal without any neurological implication. We diagnosed this clinical condition as renal salt-wasting syndrome (RSWS) on the basis of dehydration and high urinary sodium excretion at the onset. In the second course of chemotherapy, CDDP was replaced with carboplatin (CBDCA); consequently, hyponatremia was not observed. Hyponatremia that develops after the administration of CDDP may be due to not only the syndrome of inappropriate secretion of anti diuretic hormone (SIADH) but also RSWS. When RSWS is suspected, hypertonic saline should be administered.
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PMID:[Renal salt-wasting syndrome progressing to severe hyponatremia after chemotherapy--a case report]. 2033 1

Gemcitabine (Gemzar) is a nucleoside analogue used as a cytotoxic agent for the treatment of various carcinomas: pancreatic cancer, bladder cancer, breast cancer, and non-small-cell-lung cancer. Carboplatin, a DNA alkylating agent, is used alongside with gemcitabine in a regimen known as GemCarbo chemotherapy to treat several different types of cancer, most commonly lung cancer. We report an unusual case of hand-foot hyperpigmentation after the use of GemCarbo therapy on a man with stage IV non-small cell lung carcinoma. Physical examination revealed hyperpigmented lesions that were approximately 1-2 mm in diameter, of brown/purple discoloration localized to the palmar surface of his hands and the dorsum of his feet. A rapid plasma reagin blood test, used for the screening of syphilis was nonreactive. Discontinuation of both agents resulted in the dramatic disappearance of the lesions over the course of 2 weeks. In this report, we describe, to our knowledge, the first case of hand-foot hyperpigmentation that has been reported with the use of either of these 2 agents.
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PMID:Hand-foot hyperpigmentation skin lesions associated with combination gemcitabine-carboplatin (GemCarbo) therapy. 2046 Sep 84

Platinum-based chemotherapy is the standard treatment for advanced non-small-cell lung carcinomas (NSCLCs). However, the antitumoral effect of carboplatin displays unsatisfactory in NSCLCs treatment due to the AKT pathway-mediated carboplatin insensitive in NSCLCs treatment. Previous studies have shown that statins have antitumor activity, but it is unknown whether atorvastatin can reverse carboplatin resistance in lung cancer. Treatment with atorvastatin and carboplatin reduced the growth of xenograft A549 tumors in nude mice and enhanced the survival rate compared with carboplatin alone. Atorvastatin in combination with carboplatin had stronger effects on growth inhibition and apoptosis of NSCLC than either agent used individually. Carboplatin conferred anti-invasive effect in NSCLC cells mainly through inhibition of AKT activity and resultant upregulation of TIMP-1. However, the inhibitory effect on AKT activity by carboplatin was short-term. Additional atorvastatin administration resulted in synergistic inhibition of NSCLC cell invasion and stimulation of TIMP-1 expression with carboplatin through stronger and persistent inhibition of AKT activity both in vivo and in vitro. The synergy of atorvastatin and carboplatin was confirmed using another human lung carcinoma cell line (H1299). Altogether, our data demonstrate that atorvastatin may overcome carboplatin resistance in lung cancer by suppressing AKT activity and upregulating TIMP-1. A combination of atorvastatin and carboplatin may be an effective strategy in clinical therapy against NSCLCs.
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PMID:Atorvastatin sensitizes human non-small cell lung carcinomas to carboplatin via suppression of AKT activation and upregulation of TIMP-1. 2230 90

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the treatment outcomes of stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) for Stage I small-cell lung cancer (SCLC). From April 2003 to September 2009, a total of eight patients with Stage I SCLC were treated with SBRT in our institution. In all patients, the lung tumors were proven as SCLC pathologically. The patients' ages were 58-84 years (median: 74). The T-stage of the primary tumor was T1a in two, T1b in two and T2a in four patients. Six of the patients were inoperable because of poor cardiac and/or pulmonary function, and two patients refused surgery. SBRT was given using 7-8 non-coplanar beams with 48 Gy in four fractions. Six of the eight patients received 3-4 cycles of chemotherapy using carboplatin (CBDCA) + etoposide (VP-16) or cisplatin (CDDP) + irinotecan (CPT-11). The follow-up period for all patients was 6-60 months (median: 32). Six patients were still alive without any recurrence. One patient died from this disease and one died from another disease. The overall and disease-specific survival rate at three years was 72% and 86%, respectively. There were no patients with local progression of the lesion targeted by SBRT. Only one patient had nodal recurrence in the mediastinum at 12 months after treatment. The progression-free survival rate was 71%. No Grade 2 or higher SBRT-related toxicities were observed. SBRT plus chemotherapy could be an alternative to surgery with chemotherapy for inoperable patients with Stage I small-cell lung cancer. However, further investigation is needed using a large series of patients.
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PMID:Clinical results of stereotactic body radiotherapy for Stage I small-cell lung cancer: a single institutional experience. 2292 48

Since locally advanced non-small-cell lung cancer(NSCLC)treated by surgical therapy alone has a poor prognosis, the efficacy of preoperative chemotherapy for improving postoperative survival in patients with NSCLC is controversial. A 69-year-old female was referred to our hospital for Stage IIIA(cT3bulkyN2M0)adenocarcinoma of the right lung. Computed tomography(CT)revealed a small nodule, 21mm in diameter, in the right S6, with isolated pulmonary metastasis in the same lobe and bulky subcarinal lymph node swelling. She received two courses of a combination of carboplatin(CBDCA AUC5), paclitaxel(PTX 200mg/m2)and bevacizumab(15mg/kg)as induction therapy, and showed no serious adverse effects. CT after induction therapy revealed a minor radiographic response. She underwent right lower lobectomy with node dissection 2a in 2011. An intercostal muscle flap was used for the bronchial stump. Histopathological examination revealed adenocarcinoma pT1aN0M0 of Stage I A, and showed that the pulmonary metastasis had disappeared even though the effect of induction chemotherapy was Ef2. Induction chemotherapy with carboplatin, paclitaxel and bevacizumab may be useful for treatment of locally advanced lung cancer.
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PMID:[A case of complete resection of non-squamous non-small-cell lung cancer after induction chemotherapy using carboplatin, paclitaxel, and bevacizumab]. 2306 66


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