Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0242379 (lung cancer)
 71,905 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Bleomycin sulfate, doxorubicin hydrochloride, cyclophosphamide, and vincristine sulfate combination chemotherapy was given to 29 patients with small-cell undifferentiated lung cancer. Only four of these patients had limited disease, and in these patients there was 100% complete remission; two of these four patients remain in complete remission at more than 52 and 60 weeks. Of the 25 patients with generalized disease, 18 (72%) had neoplasm regression (greater than 50%), including two with complete remission (8%). The median duration of remission was 25 weeks. The median survival time from diagnosis was 39 weeks and that from initiation of therapy, 35 weeks. The drug regimen was well tolerated, and although substantial leukopenia was produced, there were only three patients in whom granulocytopenic infections developed. There was only one drug-related death.
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PMID:Improved chemotherapy for small-cell undifferentiated lung cancer. 5 4

A human lung tumor-associated fetal antigen (LTFA) has been partially isolated and characterized. The antigen that differs in several immunochemical parameters from previously described lung cancer antigens was shared by fetal lung and liver tissue. The neoantigen migrated in immunoelectrophoresis as an alpha2-beta globulin, had an average molecular size of 7S, and was soluble in 50% saturated ammonium sulfate. Whereas LTFA was insensitive to both DNase and RNase treatment, its antigenicity was completely abolished by pronase. The biologic significance of this antigen and its possible clinical use were discussed.
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PMID:Partial characterization of a fetal lung antigen associated with human bronchogenic carcinoma. 10 44

1. Pleural fluid contained protein-bound hyaluronic acid, protein-bound chondroitin sulfate, hyaluronic acid, chondroitin sulfate, undersulfated chondroitin sulfate and dermatan sulfate. The composition of acid glycosaminoglycans in pleural fluid seems to reflect the rate of biosynthesis and degradation of these polysaccharides at some sites which are closely related to the pleural cavity. 2. A possibility was suggested that hyaluronic acid was synthesized in pleural tissue and was excreted shortly thereafter into the surroundings, as evidenced by experiments with rabbit pleural tissue. 3. In human, hyaluronic acid, chondroitin sulfate, dermatan sulfate and heparan sulfate were found in thickened pleurae caused by lung cancer, in those caused by asbestosis and also in tumor tissues of pleural mesothelioma. The molecular size of hyaluronic acid from pleural mesothelioma was found to be larger than that from human unbilical cord. 4. Quantification and histochemical study of acid glycosaminoglycans demonstrated that the quantity of hyaluronic acid in tissue specimens of mesothelioma by far exceeded that in non-mesothelioma cases (statistically significant). 5. Thus a possibility was suggested that histochemical investigation together with microquantitation of hyaluronic acid in pleural tissue may prove to be an efficient means of differential diagnosis of pleural mesothelioma. 6. Definite conclusion on the relationship between the fluctuation with time in quantity of acid glycosaminoglycans of the effusions and etiology of pleurisy awaits further investigations.
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PMID:A study on acid glycosaminoglycans in pleural diseases. 54 21

Three hundred and ninety-eight patients with disseminated solid tumors other than breast cancer, were treated with a combination chemotherapy protocol utilizing cyclophosphamide, vincristine sulfate, methotrexate, 5-fluorouracil, and prednisone. Three hundred and eighty were evaluable (95.5%). Partial or complete tumor regressions were noted in 73 of 380 (19%) evaluable patients. Response to therapy was associated with a prolongation and survival. The largest tumor categories were lung, ovary, and gastrointestinal. The proportion of complete plus partial responses in evaluable lung cancer patients was 40/236 (17%), compared to 20/44 (45%) for ovarian cancer patients and 6/39 (15%) for gastrointestinal tumors. Of the patients who could be evaluated for toxicity, 47% had minimal or no toxicity, 51% had moderate to severe toxicity, and 2% had life threatening toxicity. Virtually all patients were treated and managed as outpatients.
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PMID:Combination chemotherapy using cyclophosphamide, vincristine, methotrexate, 5-fluorouracil, and prednisone in solid tumors. 83 35

This randomized, prospective, placebo-controlled clinical trial compares the influence on nutritional status and survival of hydrazine sulfate with placebo addition to cisplatin-containing combination chemotherapy in patients with unresectable non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The trial consisted of 65 patients with advanced, unresectable NSCLC who had had no prior chemotherapy, were at least partially ambulatory (Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group [ECOG] performance status [PS] level 0-2), and who had adequate hematologic, renal, and hepatic function. All patients received the same defined combination chemotherapy (cisplatin, vinblastine, and bleomycin) and the same defined dietary counseling with the addition of either three times daily oral hydrazine sulfate (60 mg) or placebo capsules. Hydrazine sulfate compared with placebo addition to chemotherapy resulted in significantly greater caloric intake and albumin maintenance (P less than .05). Considering all patients, survival was greater for the hydrazine sulfate compared with placebo group (median survival, 292 v 187 days), but the difference did not achieve statistical significance. In favorable PS patients (PS 0-1), survival was significantly prolonged (median survival, 328 days v 209 days; P less than .05) for hydrazine sulfate compared with placebo addition. In a multifactor analysis, PS, weight loss, and liver involvement were the final variables. Objective response frequency and toxicity were comparable on both arms. Hydrazine sulfate may favorably influence nutritional status and clinical outcome of patients with NSCLC. Further definitive studies of hydrazine sulfate addition to therapeutic regimens in NSCLC are warranted.
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PMID:Hydrazine sulfate influence on nutritional status and survival in non-small-cell lung cancer. 168 16

A new cell line (LC-1/sq) of human lung squamous-cell carcinoma was established from a surgically resected specimen of primary lung cancer. Upon continuous propagation in serum-free culture medium, it secreted trypsin inhibitors into the conditioned medium. The major fraction of the trypsin inhibitor (T1-1) was purified to apparent homogeneity by anion-exchange and gel-filtration high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) followed by transblotting to Immobilon. T1-1 effectively inhibited trypsin. Chymotrypsin, plasmin and kallikrein were inhibited to a lesser extent, but urokinase-type plasminogen activator, elastase, thrombin and papain were not inhibited. The activity of T1-1 was acid-stable and heat-resistant, and its molecular weight was 115 kDa by SDS-PAGE. It exhibited single NH2-terminal sequence, and its first 20 NH2-terminal amino-acid residues were identical with those of protease nexin-II (PN-II)/amyloid beta-protein precursor (APP). These characteristics of T1-1 suggest that the major trypsin inhibitor secreted by LC-1/sq is indistinguishable from PN-II/APP. LC-1/sq is the first lung squamous carcinoma cell line that secretes functionally active trypsin inhibitor, PN-II/APP, in vitro and is useful for studying its biological significance in malignant tumor.
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PMID:Establishment of a new human cancer cell line secreting protease nexin-II/amyloid beta protein precursor derived from squamous-cell carcinoma of lung. 191 42

The natural killer activity (NKA) of human mononuclear cells and the activity of the lysosomal enzymes of these cells (arylsulfatase, acid phosphatase and beta-glucuronidase) has been studied in norm and under human lung cancer. The mononuclear cells were isolated from peripheral blood of 10 healthy donors and 20 patients with lung cancer of II-III stages. Under the action of mononuclear cells on the target cells (human erythroleukosis cells K-562 labeled with 3H-uridine) the NKA of mononuclear cells of patients was seen to decrease (cytotoxic index = 54.8 +/- 6.4%), in comparison with that of healthy donors (cytotoxic index = 65.1 +/- 4.5%). Simultaneously a decrease in arylsulfatase activity (0.05 +/- 0.01 nmoles/10(6) cells/min) was found in comparison with the control value (0.11 +/- 0.01 nmoles/10(6) cells/min). In 2-3 weeks after the operation the NKA value (cytotoxic index = 50.2 +/- 5.8%) was restored and arylsulfatase activity (0.09 +/- 0.02 nmoles/10(6) cells/min) was increased. There was no correlation between the NKA value and the activities of acid phosphatase and beta-glucuronidase. The parallelism observed between changes in NKA value and arylsulfatase activity may suggest a possible participation of this enzyme in the killing mechanism at the stage of cerebroside sulfate ester degradation of the target cell membrane to initiate the lytic events.
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PMID:[Lysosomal enzymes and natural killer activity]. 192 74

The paper discusses results of a cooperative study of effectiveness of hydrazine sulfate therapy in 740 patients with primary advanced, recurrent and metastatic solid tumors and malignant lymphomas who had failed all other treatment modalities. Both objective response and symptomatic effect were assessed. Objective response was observed in neuroblastoma, recurrent desmoid, Hodgkin's disease, lung cancer, fibrosarcoma and other tumors. Since hydrazine sulfate provided relief of a wide spectrum of cancer symptoms, it may be recommended for patients with end-stage cancer.
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PMID:[The results of a clinical study of the preparation hydrazine sulfate]. 219 98

The quantitative changes of glycosaminoglycans in tumor tissue of human lung cancers (6 squamous cell carcinomas, 7 small cell carcinomas and 10 adenocarcinomas) were studied. Normal lung tissues contained of 3.38 mumol uronic acid/g dry weight glycosaminoglycans which consisted of hyaluronic acid, chondroitin sulfates, dermatan sulfate and heparan sulfate. The total amount of glycosaminoglycans in human lung cancer tissues increased 1.7 to 3.5 times in comparison with that in normal lung tissues. The increase in tissue content of glycosaminoglycans was accompanied by an increase in the chondroitin sulfate level in every histologic type of lung cancer, as well as marked increase in hyaluronic acid level in squamous cell carcinomas, and a moderate increase in small cell carcinomas. The concentrations of dermatan sulfate and heparan sulfate in lung cancer tissues did not show any significant changes compared with those in normal lung tissues. The increase in total amount and changes in the composition of glycosaminoglycans in human lung cancer tissue were closely related to the histologic type of the tumor. In adenocarcinomas, some acid glycoprotein with sialic acid was simultaneously detected during the separating course of glycosaminoglycans, which was considered to be derived from mucinous substances related to adenocarcinoma cells.
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PMID:[Glycosaminoglycans in human normal lung tissues and lung cancer tissues]. 229 Feb 28

Previous studies have demonstrated that monoclonal antibody TFS-4 recognizes a cell surface antigen with a molecular weight of 124,000 expressed selectively on small-cell lung cancer but not on non-small-cell lung cancers and that it cross-reacts with human brain. The antigenic determinant on small-cell lung cancer and that on brain shared common characteristics, i.e., trypsin sensitivity, heat lability, and neuraminidase resistance, suggesting that they are similar peptides (T. Okabe et al., Cancer Res., 44: 5273-5278, 1984; J-i. Watanabe et al., Cancer Res., 47:826-829, 1987). In order to elucidate the nature of this unique antigen recognized by TFS-4, we have purified the antigen to homogeneity from human brain. The antigen was solubilized from brain with 0.5% Nonidet P-40, precipitated with 50% ammonium sulfate, and subsequently purified by sequential chromatographies, i.e., diethylaminoethyl-Sepharose ion exchange, immunoaffinity, and gel permeation high-pressure liquid chromatography. The antigenic reactivity was assessed by immunoblotting using TFS-4 as a primary antibody. The purified antigen showed a single protein band with a molecular weight of 124,000 on sodium dodecylsulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis detected by a silver staining technique. The results suggest that the antigen on brain tissues is structurally related to the molecule expressed on small-cell lung cancer.
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PMID:Isolation of small cell lung cancer-associated antigen from human brain. 243 35


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