Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0242379 (lung cancer)
 71,905 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The present study examines the relationship between neuroendocrine (NE) differentiation and the clinical behaviour of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Retrospective (n = 315) and prospective (n = 44) cohorts of non-small cell tumours were obtained from surgically treated cases of lung cancer, comprising 218 squamous cell carcinomas, 65 adenocarcinomas, 51 adenosquamous carcinomas, and 25 large cell undifferentiated carcinomas. Paraffin wax embedded and fresh frozen tissue sections were stained for the NE markers neurone specific enolase, creatine kinase-BB, bombesin, neurotensin, chromogranin A, synaptophysin and UJ-13A. The expression of two or more markers was observed in 30% of cases, and was taken to identify NE-NSCLC. A statistically significant correlation between nodal status and NE differentiation (P = 0.05), and disease stage and NE differentiation (P = 0.04) was observed. However, there was no correlation between NE differentiation and survival. These findings suggest that NE-NSCLC, analogous to SCLC is more highly metastatic than non-NE-NSCLC.
 ...
PMID:Neuroendocrine differentiation and clinical behaviour in non-small cell lung tumours. 165 75

The expressions of carbohydrate antigens were examined with panel of specific anti-carbohydrate monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) on human lung cancer tissues. The MAbs used were SH1, SH2, SNH3, AH6, CA3F4, TKH2, TKH6 and TKH5 which define Lex, dimeric Lex, sialosyl Lex, Ley, Lea, sialosyl Tn, Tn and fucosyl GM1, respectively. Paraffin-embedded tissue sections (30 squamous cell carcinomas, 30 adenocarcinomas and 27 small cell carcinomas) were tested by immunohistological staining. Evaluation of stained specimens was performed by taking mean value of scores evaluated by three independent examiners. In squamous cell carcinoma, expression of Ley, sialosyl Tn, sialosyl Lex and Lea was significantly higher than other antigens. Lex was also expressed especially in keratinized tissues. In adenocarcinoma, Lea was expressed most remarkably. Sialosyl Lex, Ley, sialosyl Tn were also highly expressed in malignant cells. There was no significant difference in staining patterns between well and poorly differentiated adenocarcinomas. Sialosyl Tn and sialosyl Lex were positive in morphologically normal mucous glands adjacent to tumors. In small cell carcinomas, Ley was expressed more than other types of tumors, whereas Lex and sialosyl Tn were less than others. Tn antigen was observed throughout adenocarcinomas, squamous and small cell carcinomas in a relatively weak manner. Dimeric Lex and fucosyl GM1 antigens were not detected. Most of normal lung sections showed negative staining with those MAbs. These findings indicate that there are differential expressions of certain carbohydrate antigens in different types of human lung cancers based on their origins.
 ...
PMID:[Pathological study of carbohydrate antigens in human lung cancer with monoclonal antibodies]. 165 16

To evaluate the clinical significance of monoclonal antibody against human pulmonary surfactant apoprotein (S-AP), surgically resected lung cancer from 122 patients was studied. Paraffin embedded tissues were used for the immunohistochemical study by the avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex method. The results were as follows. 1. Adenocarcinoma showed highest immunoreactivity for S-AP compared to the other histologic types. Among subtypes of adenocarcinoma, type II alveolar epithelial type, clara cell type and mixed type of these two types were strongly positive (100%, 77.8% and 66.7% respectively). These results indicate that this antibody may be a good marker for the subtyping of adenocarcinoma. 2. There were some positive cases in other histologic types especially in peripheral type of squamous cell carcinoma. These findings suggest that this antibody was useful for the histological differentiation of lung cancer. 3. As to the immunohistochemical reactivity there was a good correlation between tissue and cytological specimens, which indicate cytological studies may be adequate for this kind of histopathological studies. 4. In our study, there were no patients with S-AP positive carcinomas other than patients with lung cancer. These results indicate that this antibody could be used for the differential diagnosis between primary and secondary lung cancer.
 ...
PMID:[Immunohistochemical study of lung cancer using monoclonal antibody against human pulmonary surfactant apoprotein]. 166 33

Despite the large numbers of T-cells present in the lungs in fibrosing alveolitis, their pathogenetic role is poorly understood. If these cells are involved in pathogenesis, they are more likely to express the CD45RO+ memory phenotype. To test this hypothesis, open lung biopsies from patients with fibrosing alveolitis associated with systemic sclerosis (FASSc) were compared with grossly normal lung taken from the periphery of lobes resected for lung cancer. Biopsies from eight patients with FASSc were compared with tissue from seven cancer controls. Paraffin sections were stained with a polyclonal anti-CD3 antibody for T-lymphocytes, monoclonal anti-CD45 antibody for leucocyte common antigen, and monoclonal anti-CD45RO antibody for primed T-lymphocytes. Staining was assessed quantitatively by computerized image analysis: in each case, the number of immunopositive cells was related to alveolar wall area and alveolar wall length. Mean alveolar wall thickness was increased in patients with FASSc (60.7 +/- 24.0 microns) compared with cancer controls (15.7 +/- 5.3 microns). Patients with FASSc had greater numbers of CD45+, CD3+ and CD45RO+ cells.mm-1 alveolar wall length compared with the controls. CD45RO+ cells made up 77% (median) of the CD3+ cells in FASSc, and their numbers per unit alveolar wall length were positively associated with alveolar wall thickness (r = 0.61). In conclusion, in fibrosing alveolitis of systemic sclerosis, most interstitial T-lymphocytes express the phenotype of memory cells; these cells are likely to be involved in the persistent inflammatory process.
 ...
PMID:Fibrosing alveolitis in systemic sclerosis: increase in memory T-cells in lung interstitium. 775 62

Paraffin-embedded tissue sections from 105 cases of human lung cancer were stained for four isozymes of GSTs by immunohistochemical PAP technique. Of the 16 cases of small cell lung cancer (SCLC) examined 14 were negative for all GST individuals, whereas one undifferentiated squamous cell type and one oat cell type treated with chemotherapy before operation were positive for GST-pi. The total positive rates of GST-pi, GSTs and GST-mu in 89 cases of non-SCLC were 75.3%, 13.5% and 9.7% separatively. Among them squamous cell carcinoma were stained positively for GST-pi in 93.5%, GSTs in 9.7% and GST-mu in 6.5%, while adenocarcinoma were in 69.7%, 15.2% and 6.1% respectively. The expression of GST-pi was weakened corresponding with the decreased degree of differentiation of cancer cell. GST-alpha was not detectable in all specimens studied. Ultrastructure location of GST-pi sites in 11 cases of non-SCLC was detected mainly on lysozymes and heterochromatin in cancer cell by transmission electronic microscopy utilizing colloidal gold labelled anti-GST-pi antibody. These results suggest that GST-pi may be an useful marker for differential diagnosis in histopathology and intrinsic sensitivity to anticancer drugs of lung cancer. GST-mu was expressed in some types of lung cancer with low positive rate and its usage as a marker needs further investigation.
 ...
PMID:[Immunohistochemical investigation on the expression of glutathione S-transferases (GSTS) in lung cancer]. 824 9

Radiolabeled monoclonal anti-CEA antibodies were used for radioimmunolocalization (RIL) of non-small cell lung cancer; in 30 patients with 111In labeled anti CEA F(ab')2 fragment (BW 431/31) and in 16 with 99mTc-labeled intact MoAb (BW 431/26). RIL results were compared with those of other imaging modalities. Paraffin sections from some patients were also studied immunohistochemically using anti-CEA antibody. Patients with 111In labeled MoAB were imaged twice 1-4 days after injection and for image enhancement pulmonary and liver/spleen subtraction were performed. Twenty-seven of 28 primary tumors were positive and metastases were detected in all patients. The total number of lesions was 78 of which 61 (78%) could be detected by RIL. For verification CT was applied to the study of 46 lesions detected by RIL. We found 6 unknown lesions subsequently verified histologically. Using subtraction techniques we detected 9 lesions in 4 patients, later verified as pulmonary metastases, not detected in unprocessed images. Pleural, mediastinal and pericardial lesions were also better delineated in subtracted images than in unprocessed images. Imaging of non-small cell lung cancer with 99mTc-labeled MoAB was performed twice 4-24 h after injection. RIL results were compared with other imaging methods; CT US, conventional radiography, and immunohistochemistry. Twelve out of 16 patients with suspected or known lung cancer had positive immunoscintigrams; 19 of 25 lesions could be detected by RIL. There were 5 false positive and 2 true negative findings. Immunoperoxidase (IP) stainings of paraffin sections of the tumours from 7 patients were performed using two different anti-CEA antibodies; BW 431/26 and ZCEA1. None of the seven tumors examined by immunohistochemistry were negative when stained by BW 431/26, which was the antibody used for immunoscintigraphy.
 ...
PMID:Radioimmunoimaging of non-small cell lung cancer with 111In- and 99mTc-labeled monoclonal anti-CEA-antibodies. 830 25

Experimental studies revealed that growth and expansion of solid tumours depend on angiogenesis. Angiogenesis is very important factor for neoplastic metastasis. The presence of the metastasis is an ominous prognostic factor for many tumours, also for lung cancer. Studies of tumour microvessel density in resected non-small lung cancers have not given convincing data about value of angiogenesis. Only few reports regarded the association with angiogenesis in different histological types in lung carcinoma. Samples of 35 adenocarcinomas and 41 squamous cell resected, primary lung carcinomas were studied. Paraffin sections of tumours were stained immunohistochemically by antibody against endothelial marker CD34. Angiogenesis intensity was measured in the areas of the most active fields of tumour neovascularization. Microvessel density (MD) was higher in adenocarcinoma comparing to squamous cell cancer, but the difference was not statistically significant (p = 0,095). The groups of various stage of extension of disease in each histological type were compared-MD correlated with lymph node metastasis (p = 0,003) in the adenocarcinoma, whilst in squamous cell can cer differences between various groups of nodal involvement were not statistically significant (p = 0,53 and p = 0,22 respectively). Our results suggest that more intensive angiogenesis in adenocarcinoma could be more important factor for metastasis of adenocarcinoma than for squamous tumours. In the latter group angiogenesis may be more important for growth of squamous cell cancers, while the spread of squamous tumours may depend on other mechanisms.
 ...
PMID:Immunohistochemical evaluation of tumour angiogenesis in adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma of lung. 933 44

The p53 gene is well known as a tumour suppressor gene. In addition, the mutated p53 gene is detected in a variety of human cancers including lung cancer, and is considered as an oncogene. Lung cancer is also frequently associated with interstitial lung diseases. Therefore, it may be possible to hypothesize that there might be some abnormality of p53 gene in interstitial lung diseases. This work examined the relationship between the p53 protein and gene in lung tissues of 28 patients with interstitial lung diseases. Among 28 patients, 13 cases were pathologically diagnosed to have usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP), 12 cases were diagnosed as having collagen vascular lung diseases, and three cases were diagnosed to have a non-specific interstitial pneumonia. Twenty-three tissue samples were obtained by open lung biopsy and five samples were taken by autopsy. Paraffin-embedded tissues were treated by microwave, and stained with an anti-p53 antibody (DO7) by the Avidin-Biotin-Peroxidase (ABC) method. In selected patients, mutations in exons 5-8 of the p53 gene were also examined by single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) analysis and DNA sequence. In addition, the presence of anti-p53 antibodies in patients' sera was screened for by ELISA. Fifteen samples (53.6%) revealed overexpression of the p53 protein in the nuclei of alveolar epithelial cells. However, SSCP or sequence analysis, which was performed in 13 tissues, showed no mutations in exons 5-8 of the p53 gene. In conclusion, p53 proteins were overexpressed in interstitial lung diseases, and the expressed p53 protein was considered to be wild-type. This wild-type p53 protein may play a role in blocking the transformation of proliferative epithelial cells.
 ...
PMID:Overexpression of p53 protein in interstitial lung diseases. 961 10

Paraffin-embedded asbestos-related lung cancer tissue of ten cases was analyzed with polymerase chain reaction-single strand conformation polymorphism (PCR-SSCP) to study its genetic mutation of exon 5, 7 and 8 of anti-oncogene p53 by silver stain. Results showed that fragment of exon 7 or 8 of p53 gene in four cases was positive in silver-staining analysis of PCR-SSCP. Exon 7 or 8 fragments of p53 gene was detected positive for mutation in seven of these ten cases with autoradiographic analysis of PCR-SSCP. No exon 5 fragment was found positive for mutation in these ten cases with both methods. Agreement between results of silver staining and those of autoradiographic PCR-SSCP was 60%. Hence, autoradiographic method could be replaced by silver staining, a simpler and more sensitive one, in PCR-SSCP to study gene mutation of asbestosrelated lung cancer.
 ...
PMID:[Detection of p53 gene mutation in paraffin-embedded asbestos-related lung cancer tissue]. 981 77

A significant higher incidence of some cancers, especially lung cancer, has been found in women with previous HPV-related (human papillomavirus) urogenital and anal neoplasias than in individuals without this particular clinical history. The aim of our study was to investigate whether HPV is present in both CIN III (cervical intraepithelial neoplasia) lesions and bronchopulmonary second primary cancers in women with a clinical history of both diseases. Paraffin-embedded tumour tissue from 75 patients with bronchopulmonary carcinomas was examined using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique and in situ hybridization for the presence of human HPV. In total, 51 primary tumours without metastases, 11 primary tumours with metastases and 13 lymph node metastases without available tissue from primary tumours were analysed. In our study 37/75 primary bronchopulmonary tumours (49%) were identified as HPV positive by the PCR method: 18 cases were purely HPV 16 positive (49%), 12 were purely HPV 6 positive (32%), 5 cases were HPV 16/6 positive (14%), 1 case was HPV 16/11 positive (2%) and 1 case was HPV 16/18 positive (2%). Fourteen metastases were HPV positive, and HPV 16, 11 and 6 were detected in both regional and distant metastases. Two of the HPV 16-positive metastases were brain metastases from two separate HPV 16-positive primary tumours; 35% of the HPV-positive cases were adenocarcinomas, 30% squamous cell carcinomas, 22% oat cell carcinomas, 5% large cell carcinomas, 3% anaplastic carcinoma, 3% low-differentiated carcinoma, and 3% malignant cylindroma. The CIN III lesions from 34 of the 37 HPV-positive bronchopulmonary carcinomas were analysed by PCR. The overall HPV positivity in the CIN III lesions was 74% (25/34 cases): 48% were purely HPV 16 positive, 24% purely HPV 6 positive, 24% HPV 16/6 positive and 4% were HPV 18 positive. Our results indicate that HPV is also involved in the development of bronchopulmonary cancers in women with a history of CIN III lesions.
 ...
PMID:HPV positive bronchopulmonary carcinomas in women with previous high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN III). 1042 55


1 2 3 Next >>