Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0242379 (lung cancer)
 71,905 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Gateways to Clinical Trials are a guide to the most recent clinical trials in current literature and congresses. The data in the following tables have been retrieved from the Clinical Trials Knowledge Area of Prous Science Integrity, the drug discovery and development portal, http://integrity.prous.com. This issue focuses on the following selection of drugs: 131-I-chlorotoxin; Ad5CMV-p53, adalimumab, albumin interferon alfa, alemtuzumab, aliskiren fumarate, aminolevulinic acid methyl ester, anakinra, AR-C126532, atomoxetine hydrochloride; Bevacizumab, bosentan, botulinum toxin type B, brimonidine tartrate/timolol maleate; Calcipotriol/betamethasone dipropionate, cangrelor tetrasodium, cetuximab, ciclesonide, cinacalcet hydrochloride, collagen-PVP, Cypher; Darbepoetin alfa, darusentan, dasatinib, denosumab, desloratadine, dexosome vaccine (lung cancer), dexrazoxane, dextromethorphan/quinidine sulfate, duloxetine hydrochloride; ED-71, eel calcitonin, efalizumab, entecavir, etoricoxib; Falciparum merozoite protein-1/AS02A, fenretinide, fondaparinux sodium; gamma-Hydroxybutyrate sodium, gefitinib, ghrelin (human); hLM609; Icatibant acetate, imatinib mesylate, ipsapirone, irofulven; LBH-589, LE-AON, levocetirizine, LY-450139; Malaria vaccine, mapatumumab, motexafin gadolinium, muraglitazar, mycophenolic acid sodium salt; nab-paclitaxel, nelarabine; O6-Benzylguanine, olmesartan medoxomil, orbofiban acetate; Panitumumab, peginterferon alfa-2a, peginterferon alfa-2b, pemetrexed disodium, peptide YY3-36, pleconaril, prasterone, pregabalin; Ranolazine, rebimastat, recombinant malaria vaccine, rosuvastatin calcium; SQN-400; Taxus, tegaserod maleate, tenofovir disoproxil fumarate, teriparatide, troxacitabine; Valganciclovir hydrochloride, Val-Tyr sardine peptidase, VNP-40101M, vorinostat.
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PMID:Gateways to clinical trials. 1684 50

A leading oncologist has warned that some patients with cancer are ordering drugs on the internet because they cannot access them in the UK. Examples include bevacizumab (Avastin) for the treatment of advanced bowel cancer, and erlotinib (Tarceva) for the treatment of lung cancer. The World Health Organization and the Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA) advise great caution about buying medicines over the internet and say it should not be done without a valid prescription. This article discusses the growth of online pharmacies, problems with regulation and the dangers of self-prescribing.
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PMID:Is the online drugs market putting patients at risk? 1714 24

Bevacizumab, a humanized monoclonal antibody against vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), has shown antitumor activity by inhibiting tumor angiogenesis in preclinical and clinical studies. However, bevacizumab monotherapy does not induce complete tumor regression. Therefore, additional treatments must be combined with bevacizumab to promote tumor regression. We previously showed that melanoma differentiation associated gene-7 (mda-7) protein exerts potent antitumor and antiangiogenic activity. Thus, in this study, we investigated the therapeutic effects of mda-7 in combination with bevacizumab using lung cancer as a model. In vitro, treatment of human umbilical vein endothelial cells with conditioned medium from Ad-mda7 plus bevacizumab-treated lung tumor cells showed reduced VEGF ligand-receptor binding, and decreased cell survival, resulting in growth arrest and apoptosis. In vivo, treatment of subcutaneous lung tumor xenografts with bevacizumab plus Ad-mda7 resulted in significant tumor growth inhibition and improved survival compared to tumor growth in control mice. Furthermore, tumors in all the Ad-mda7 plus bevacizumab-treated mice completely regressed, and these were tumor free through the study's end. Molecular analysis showed enhanced tumor cell apoptosis and reduced VEGF and CD31 expression in Ad-mda7 plus bevacizumab-treated tumors. Thus, Ad-mda7 and bevacizumab treatment produces a synergistic and complete therapeutic effect against human lung cancer.
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PMID:mda-7 In combination with bevacizumab treatment produces a synergistic and complete inhibitory effect on lung tumor xenograft. 1723 6

An increased understanding of the biology of lung cancer has identified biological targets for rationally designed novel therapies. Most of these targets are components of signalling pathways or metabolic processes. EGFR-tyrosinkinase inhibitors have become standard in second- and thirdline therapy of NSCLC, the anti-VEGF-antibody Avastin combined with first-line chemotherapy showed a significant survival benefit over chemotherapy alone. There are ongoing studies with targeted therapies in all stages of lung cancer. Major advances of these new drugs are their low toxicity and, in part, the oral application.
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PMID:[Lung cancer: targeted therapy]. 1734 77

Bevacizumab is the first anti-angiogenic agent inhibiting vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) for treatment of patients suffering from cancer. Life-threatening hemoptysis is the most serious adverse effect of bevacizumab. The inhibition of VEGF is a possible mechanism involved in the destruction of normal lung tissue and subsequent hemoptysis. We report a case of bevacizumab-related hemoptysis and associated bronchoscopic findings that were successfully treated with rigid bronchoscopy and laser photocoagulation.
Lung Cancer 2007 Jun
PMID:Bronchoscopy for bevacizumab-related hemoptysis. 1736 26

Advanced-stage non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a lethal disease that is treated with combination chemotherapy. Although modest survival benefit has been documented with various platinum-based, two-drug combination chemotherapy regimens, an efficacy plateau has been reached. Bevacizumab, a monoclonal antibody against the vascular endothelial growth factor, is the first molecularly targeted agent that has demonstrated survival advantage when combined with chemotherapy for the treatment of advanced nonsquamous NSCLC. Improvements in all efficacy parameters, including response rate, progression-free survival and overall survival, were noted for advanced nonsquamous NSCLC patients when bevacizumab was added to the combination of carboplatin-paclitaxel compared with the same chemotherapy regimen alone. This has opened the door for expanding the role of bevacizumab in earlier stages of the disease with chemotherapy or radiotherapy. The anti-angiogenesis agents, including the monoclonal antibody and vascular endothelial growth factor tyrosine kinase inhibitors, will be among the most important drugs of the present decade. This article discusses the recent data with bevacizumab in NSCLC and its potential application at various stages of NSCLC.
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PMID:Role of bevacizumab for the treatment of non-small-cell lung cancer. 1738 12

Angiogenesis is defined as the formation of new blood vessels from a pre-existing vascular bed. By supplying nutrients and oxygen and removing waste products in malignant tumors, it is an essential process that regulates cancer growth and dissemination. This process is regulated by both pro- and antiangiogenic compounds. Vascular endothelial growth factor is one of the most important and best-studied proangiogenic factors. Bevacizumab, a monoclonal antibody against vascular endothelial growth factor, has been shown to inhibit angiogenesis and is proving to be of clinical benefit in a variety of tumor types. The strongest evidence comes from studies in advanced colorectal and non-small-cell lung cancer, with growing evidence in breast and epithelial ovarian tumors. The duration and timing of bevacizumab's use is currently the focus of several ongoing clinical trials.
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PMID:Bevacizumab in the management of solid tumors. 1742 64

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) knows important changes with the development of the use of chemotherapy not only in the advanced forms but also in a perioperative setting. In early stage disease, a wedge resection seems to be sufficient in the tumours with a diameter less than 2 cm and presenting as ground-glass opacity. In all other cases, at least a lobectomy is mandatory with a mediastinal dissection. There have been numerous technical improvements regarding radiation therapy which should lead to improved quality control ... and the need to revisit some concepts among which postoperative radiation therapy. Targeted therapies have been the real novelty in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer. The inhibitors of EGFR (monoclonal antibodies and tyrosine kinase inhibitors) have been studies with upfront chemotherapy in advanced NSCLC without any benefit. However, they have proved useful in second line setting and in first line setting in diffuse bronchioloalveolar carcinoma. The targeted therapy bevacizumab (Avastin) is now the standard of the treatment of advanced NSCLC in combination with carboplatine and paclitaxel in the United States, whereas its combination with cisplatin and gemcitabine is still under investigation in Europe. Regarding small-cell lung cancer, there has been no real novelty, the standard treatment remains unchanged.
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PMID:[Recent development of the standards of treatment of lung cancer]. 1757 22

Bevacizumab, a recombinant humanised monoclonal antibody against vascular endothelial growth factor, is approved in Europe as first-line therapy for metastatic breast cancer (mBC) and metastatic carcinoma of the colon or rectum (mCRC); the European Medicines Agency gave a positive opinion recommending its use in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and is also considering other indications. In the US, it is licensed for use for mCRC and NSCLC, with its use as first-line treatment in mBC under review by the US FDA. In the pivotal E2100 trial in >700 previously untreated patients with locally recurrent or mBC, recipients of bevacizumab plus paclitaxel had a statistically and clinically significant increase in progression-free survival versus paclitaxel recipients (13.3 vs 6.7 months; hazard ratio 0.48; p < 0.001) [primary endpoint]. There was also a >2-fold higher objective response rate in the bevacizumab plus paclitaxel arm than in the paclitaxel arm; the between-group difference in median overall survival did not reach statistical significance (25.7 vs 23.8 months). Bevacizumab had an acceptable tolerability profile in these patients, with the majority of adverse events being generally mild to moderate in severity. There are targeted adverse events, including gastrointestinal perforations, wound healing complications and haemorrhage, which although they occur infrequently (incidence <=2%), are potentially life-threatening and may cause morbidity.
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PMID:Bevacizumab: in first-line treatment of metastatic breast cancer. 1768 75

New targeted treatments offer an important opening towards the improvement of the results in the treatment of lung cancer. Currently two types of therapeutic targets are developed successfully in the treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer: tumour angiogenesis and growth factor receptors. Therapeutic drugs are small molecules inhibitors and the monoclonal antibodies. Bevacizumab is a monoclonal antibody against vascular endothelial growth factor receptor, VEGF, an important molecule in tumour angiogenesis. The combination of bevacizumab with first line chemotherapy increases the median survival of advanced NSCLC with a few weeks. At this moment no biomarker predicting efficacy that can help in the selection of patients is unfortunately available for this expensive treatment, although it is important to select patients based on specific contra-indications. The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR or HER1) is activated in NSCLC by several mechanisms. The small molecules erlotinib and gefitinib are targeting the intracellular kinase domain of the EGF receptor, thus inhibiting the signal transduction cascade. Erlotinib is currently registered and reimbursed in Belgium. The concomitant use of these small molecules with chemotherapy is ineffective in non-selected NSCLC patients. On the other hand, these molecules have great activity in patients with tumours having a constitutionally activated EGFR. Changes in the kinase domain of the receptor give rise to extremely high response rates and unexpectedly improved survival duration in patients with NSCLC. Currently studies are exploring whether erlotinib should be employed in the first line treatment of NSCLC. The FIELT study is a translational academic and multicentre phase II study in Belgium and Luxemburg addressing this issue. Specific mechanisms of resistance for these agents are gradually discovered and the new drugs being able to overcome these resistances are at the horizon.
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PMID:[Targeted therapies in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer]. 1839 Apr 17


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