Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0242379 (lung cancer)
 71,905 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

From July 1980, 104 consecutive patients with previously untreated small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) received vincristine 1.4 mg/m2, doxorubicin (Adriamycin) 40 mg/m2, and Etoposide (VePesid) 300 mg/m2 intravenously (as a single infusion) every 3 weeks. The overall response rate (complete response plus partial response) was 58%. In 47 patients with limited disease the response rate was 66% with 21/47 (45%) complete responders. Treatment was delivered on an outpatient basis. Toxicity was mild, and in 455 rapid infusions of etoposide, there have been no adverse reactions.
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PMID:Single-dose etoposide in combination with vincristine and doxorubicin in the treatment of small-cell lung cancer (SCLC). 298 35

A phase II study of Etoposide (NK 171) was carried out in 13 institutions of the National Chest Hospital Lung Cancer Cooperative Study Group. Twenty-two patients (pts.) were treated by intravenous (i.v.) administration of etoposide, 80 mg/m2/day, for 5 consecutive days, and 25 pts. by oral administration of the same drug, 130 mg/m2/day, for 5 consecutive days. Eight (36.4%) out of 22 evaluable pts. given i.v. etoposide showed partial response (PR) while 7 (28%) out of 25 evaluable pts. given oral etoposide showed PR. Thirteen (41%) out of 32 previously untreated pts. were responders, but only 2 (13%) out of 15 previously treated pts. responded. The average total dose of i.v. etoposide was 664 (368-1552) mg/m2 while that of oral etoposide was 1320 mg/m2, or about double the dose of i.v. etoposide. The major dose-limiting factor was leukopenia (less than 3000/mm3). being observed in 63.6% of the i.v. treated pts. and 31.8% of the orally-treated pts. The oral and i.v. etoposide provided equivalent results. Despite the advantage of the reduced myelotoxicity of oral etoposide, we may recommend that all pts. are treated parenterally at present until the problem of erratic absorption of the oral drug is resolved.
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PMID:[A phase II study of etoposide (NK 171) in small cell lung cancer--comparison of results between intravenous administration and oral administration]. 300 Feb 99

Etoposide is one of the most active drugs used in the treatment of small-cell lung cancer (SCLC). Recently, studies were completed that evaluated the substitution of etoposide for doxorubicin (Adriamycin) used in combination with cyclophosphamide and vincristine. This study has shown that equivalent antitumor activity, as measured by objective response, can be obtained with the combination of cyclophosphamide, etoposide, and vincristine (CEV) as compared with the CAV combination. A longer response duration and median survival are seen in extensive-disease patients treated with the CEV combination. As expected, no cardiotoxicity is associated with CEV therapy, and interestingly, there is no potentiating neurotoxicity with CEV. A study recently completed has shown that CEV can be effectively combined with intensive radiation therapy to the chest administered simultaneously. CEV appears to be an effective alternative to CAV, and it can be readily combined with aggressive radiation therapy.
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PMID:Clinical trials of cyclophosphamide, etoposide, and vincristine in the treatment of small-cell lung cancer. 302 Jun 99

Nabilone, a synthetic cannabinoid, and Prochlorperazine were compared in a double-blind crossover study of 34 patients with lung cancer undergoing a 3-day schedule of chemotherapy with Cyclophosphamide, Adriamycin and Etoposide. Symptom scores were significantly better for patients on nabilone for nausea, retching and vomiting (P less than 0.05). Fewer subjects vomited with nabilone (P = 0.05) and the number of vomiting episodes was lower (P less than 0.05); no patients on nabilone required additional parenteral anti-emetic. More patients preferred nabilone for anti-emetic control (P less than 0.005). Adverse effects common with nabilone were drowsiness (57%), postural dizziness (35%) and lightheadedness (18%). Euphoria was seen in 14% and a "high" in 7%. Erect systolic blood pressure was lower in nabilone patients on Day 1 (P = 0.05) but postural hypotension was a major problem in only 7%. Nabilone is an effective oral anti-emetic drug for moderately toxic chemotherapy, but the range and unpredictability of its side-effects warrant caution in its use.
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PMID:Anti-emetic efficacy and toxicity of nabilone, a synthetic cannabinoid, in lung cancer chemotherapy. 631 40

Etoposide was given by three weekly 24-hour infusions (600 mg/m2) to 35 patients with extensive-stage lung cancer. Only two partial responses were achieved; both were of short duration. Pharmacokinetic data suggested that low peak serum concentrations of etoposide were obtained, and it is suggested that if this method of administration is used, higher doses of etoposide be employed.
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PMID:Etoposide infusions for treatment of metastatic lung cancer. 632 9

The authors have studied the efficacy and safety of recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (rhG-CSF, Granulocyte Injection) on leucopenia and neutropenia induced by chemotherapy with regimen CE (Carboplatin and Etoposide) in lung cancer patients in a randomized, matched and cross-over clinical trial. The total enrolled patients were twenty-two. They were randomized into A and B groups (11 patients in each group). Each patient received two cycles treatment. In group A chemotherapy and rhG-CSF were used in the first cycle and chemotherapy alone was used in the second cycle, while in group B chemotherapy alone was used in the first cycle and chemotherapy and rhG-CSF were used in the second cycle. The results showed that rhG-CSF significantly increased the number of white blood cell (WBC) and absolute neutrophil count (ANC) at the nadir, decreased incidence of leucopenia and neutropenia, and reduced the number of days with WBC < 4.0 x 10(9)/L, ANC < 2.5 x 10(9)/L as well as the number of days with WBC > 4.0 x 10(9)/L and ANC > 2.5 x 10(9)/L. rhG-CSF ensures the completion of chemotherapy and its side-effects were slight.
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PMID:[Clinical study of recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (RHG-CSF) on leucopenia induced by chemotherapy with CE regimen on lung cancer patients]. 754 25

A 48-year-old man was admitted to our hospital because of upper abdominal pain, and a cervical tumor, on Oct. 23, 1992. Chest X-ray, CT scan and MRI revealed a tumor (left-S10) and enlarged mediastinal lymph nodes. A pathological diagnosis of small cell lung cancer was made by transbronchial biopsy. Ultrasonography showed liver metastases. He received four courses of chemotherapy (Carboplatin, Ifosfamide, Etoposide). Three days after the completion of chemotherapy, his serum transaminase level was markedly increased, and he was disorientated on March 4, 1993. In spite of plasma exchange, the patient died due to hepatic failure on March 6, 1993. Fulminant hepatitis in a patient with lung cancer receiving chemotherapy is rarely reported.
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PMID:[A case of small cell lung cancer associated with fulminant hepatitis B]. 779 62

Two adenocarcinoma cell lines were established from metastatic lymph node of lung cancer patients. The cell lines were named NUTLC-1 and NUTLC-3. They were found to have the following biological characterization and sensitivity to anticancer agents by comparison with clinical effect of the drugs on each donor patient: 1) By chromosomal analysis, the tumor cells of two cell lines were human-origin cells. Number of chromosomes of these cell lines ranged from 67 to 77 in NUTLC-1 cells and from 61 to 66 in NUTLC-3 cells, with the modal numbers of 73 and 64, respectively. 2) The tumor cells of the two cell lines were heterotransplanted subcutaneously into nude mice, but, no natural distant metastasis was observed 2 months after transplantation. 3) Sensitivity to anticancer agents on NUTLC-1 and NUTLC-3 cells differed individually according to methylthiazol tetrazorium (bromide) (MTT) colorimetric assay. NUTLC-1 cells were sensitive to Mitomycin C (MMC) and Adriamycin (ADM), and insensitive to Cisplatinum (CDDP), 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) and Etoposide (VP-16). Antitumor effect of CDDP and 5-FU on recurrent tumor of donor patient was not observed clinically. NUTLC-3 cells were sensitive to CDDP, MMC and ADM, and insensitive to 5-FU and VP-16. Sensitivity to CDDP and MMC on NUTLC-3 cells also correlated to clinical effect of the drugs on the donor patient. From these results, it appears that these new cell lines are useful materials for studies on lung cancer.
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PMID:Characteristics of the two newly established cell lines of human pulmonary adenocarcinoma and their sensitivity to anticancer agents. 802 20

Etoposide has demonstrated highly significant clinical activity against a wide variety of neoplasms, including germ-cell malignancies, small-cell lung cancer, non-Hodgkin's lymphomas, leukemias, Kaposi's sarcoma, neuroblastoma, and soft-tissue sarcomas. It is also one of the important agents in the preparatory regimens given prior to bone marrow and peripheral stem-cell rescue. Despite its high degree of efficacy in a number of malignancies, the optimal dose, schedule, and dosing form remain to be defined. It is possible that continuous or prolonged inhibition of the substrate, i. e., topoisomerase II, may be the key factor for the cytotoxic effects of etoposide. Clinical studies have shown the activity of etoposide to be schedule-dependent, with prolonged dosing, best accomplished by the oral dosing form, offering a therapeutic advantage. This benefit awaits validation by prospective randomized studies, some of which are in progress. Recent clinical investigations have focused on the use of etoposide in combination with (a) cytokines to ameliorate myelosuppression, the dose-limiting toxicity of etoposide; (b) agents such as cyclosporin A and verapamil to alter the p-glycoprotein (mdr1) function; and (c) topoisomerase I inhibitors to modulate the substrate upon which it acts. There is continued interest in the development of etoposide to its maximal clinical dimensions and in the examination of alternative biochemical and mechanistic approaches to further our understanding of this highly active agent.
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PMID:Etoposide: current status and future perspectives in the management of malignant neoplasms. 807 20

Etoposide has been used in the treatment of a wide variety of neoplasms, including small-cell lung cancer, Kaposi's sarcoma, testicular cancer, acute leukemia, and lymphoma. Its current therapeutic use is limited by myelosuppression, particularly neutropenia. Pharmacodynamic studies of etoposide show that this toxicity can be modeled using a modified Hill equation and that the dose intensity of etoposide can be successfully increased by adaptive control using this model. Significant influences on the degree of myelosuppression include the pretreatment leukocyte count, the performance status, the extent of prior erythrocyte transfusions, and the serum albumin level. In the past 7 years, interest has developed in a distinct subset of acute nonlymphocytic leukemia that is associated with prior exposure to etoposide. This syndrome has been described in several studies and is characterized by the lack of a preleukemic phase, M4 or M5 morphology, and distinct translocations involving the chromosome 11q23 region. In addition, secondary acute lymphocytic leukemias (involving 11q23) have also been associated with prior epipodophyllotoxin exposure.
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PMID:Pharmacodynamics and long-term toxicity of etoposide. 807 30


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