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Query: UMLS:C0242379 (lung cancer)
 71,905 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Combination of multiple mRNA markers has been largely investigated for detection of circulating cancer cells. However, current PCR-based methods are relatively expensive and time consuming. The aim of this study was to develop a membrane array-based multimarker assay for detection of circulating cancer cells in nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. At first, we selected 22 candidate genes by means of suppression subtractive hybridization and Northern blot analysis. The diagnostic value of each candidate gene was then preliminarily evaluated in 50 pairs of blood samples by membrane array method. Accordingly, 17 genes with area under the ROC curve (AUC) > or = 0.8 were selected as target genes to reconstruct the diagnostic membrane array, which was then used to test peripheral blood samples from 100 NSCLC patients and 147 control subjects. ROC curve analysis demonstrated that the optimal threshold number of overexpressed markers on membrane array for discrimination between NSCLC patients and control subjects was 12. As a result, the diagnostic membrane array could detect circulating cancer cells in 90 (90%) of 100 NSCLC patients and in 14 (9.5%) of 147 control subjects (including 6 of 100 normal persons, 3 of 20 breast cancer patients, 3 of 15 colorectal cancer patients and 2 of 12 gastric cancer patients). Moreover, the detection rate was significantly correlated with NSCLC patients' metastatic status and overall stage (p = 0.028 and 0.014, respectively). These results suggested that our blood-based membrane array assay for molecular detection of circulating lung cancer cells has great potential for clinical applications.
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PMID:Development of a membrane array-based multimarker assay for detection of circulating cancer cells in patients with non-small cell lung cancer. 1664 81

Lymph node metastasis (LNM) is a key factor for selection of treatment method and patients' prognosis in oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). However, no biomarkers able to support the clinical detection of LNM have been reported. Recently, vascular endothelial growth factor C (VEGF-C) was found to be a more accurate marker of LNM in lung cancer than computed tomography. Midkine is a multifunctional cytokine involved in cancer development. We investigated circulating midkine levels in ESCC patients (n=73) compared with those in healthy subjects (n=42) with double-antibody-sandwich indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (DASI-ELISA). We found that midkine was elevated in ESCC and involved in metastatic disease. Serum midkine (sMK) was a good marker of LNM, evaluated both clinically and pathologically, as revealed by ROC analysis. It also correlated with serum levels of VEGF-C. The increase of sMK was related to cancer cells, although a weak correlation was observed between sMK and platelet and leucocyte counts.
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PMID:Serum midkine depends on lymph node involvement and correlates with circulating VEGF-C in oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma. 1756 45

Invited comment on Alonzo, T.A. and Nakas, C.T. (2007). Comparison of ROC umbrella volumes with an application to the assessment of lung cancer diagnostic markers. Biometrical Journal 49, 654-664. Issues remain as to the appropriateness of volumes as summary measures of accuracy when distinguishing between multiple disease classes and when comparing accuracy of tests.
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PMID:ROC volumes--should they be used? 1772 16

Invited comment on Alonzo, T. A. and Nakas, C. T. (2007). Comparison of ROC umbrella volumes with an application to the assessment of lung cancer diagnostic markers. Biometrical Journal 49, 654-664. The umbrella volume, proposed as a parameter for diagnostic validity in a specific three group situation might be difficult to interpret in clinical applications. It should be used very cautiously.
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PMID:The umbrella volume: is it useful in applications? 1772 16

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a potent mediator of angiogenesis. Increased expression of VEGF may be associated with advanced stage and poor prognosis in patients with lung cancer. We investigated the relationship between serum VEGF level and lung cancer stage. We also studied the correlation between serum VEGF level and some other tumor markers. Forty newly diagnosed lung cancer (31 non-small cell, 9 small cell) patients and 25 age-matched controls were enrolled in this study. Serum VEGF levels of lung cancer group (345.16 +/- 159.36 pg/mL) were significantly higher than that of the control group (230.36 +/- 47.87 pg/mL) (p< 0.001). The area under the ROC curve was 0.727 (p< 0.05) for serum VEGF threshold of 249.8 pg/mL predictive sensitivity and specificity, for lung cancer were respectively 70.0% and 76.0%. There were no significant relationship between serum VEGF level and age, gender, histologic type, lung cancer stage, distant metastases and site of metastases. In addition, there were no correlation between serum VEGF level and other tumor markers (NSE, CYFRA 21-1, CEA, CA125, LDH).
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PMID:[The evaluation to relationship between serum vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) level, metastases and other tumor markers in patients with lung cancer]. 1833 Jul 55

Computer-aided diagnosis (CAD), in the general sense, includes computer-aided detection and characterization of abnormalities on medical images. The usefulness of CAD for assisting radiologists in detection of breast cancer in screening mammography has been demonstrated by a number of prospective clinical trials in recent years. The development of CAD in other areas is also being actively pursued by researchers. In this talk, the recent work in two areas of CAD, digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) and chest computed tomography (CT), in the CAD Research Laboratory at the University of Michigan will be reviewed. DBT is a new modality under development for breast imaging. The quasi-3D information in DBT alleviates the problem of overlapping tissue in mammography and holds the promise to improve the sensitivity for cancer detection. DBT image analysis can be performed in the 3D reconstructed volume of the 2D projection view (PV) images. DBT image quality depend on the image acquisition parameters, reconstruction method and parameters. The flexibility in image processing approaches makes CAD development for DBT interesting and challenging. out early experiences in the development of image segmentation and features extraction technique for mass detection and characterization in DBT will be discussed. The performances of the CAD systems using the 2D, 3D, and combined 2D and 3D approaches will be compared. CT has been shown to be superior to chest x-ray in detection of small lung nodules and thus lung cancer screening with CT is still being debated, many research groups are developing CAD methods for detection and characterization of lung nodules in chest CT scans. The specific prescreening, segmentation, and feature extraction techniques designed for our lung nodule detection and characterization systems will be discussed. The effects of CAD on radiologists' accuracy in nodules detection and characterization in CT scans will be demonstrated by results of observer ROC studies. There are similarities in the approaches to developing CAD methods in 3D image volumes such as DBT and CT, these experiences will facilitate the development of CAD systems for other diseases in 3D modalities.
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PMID:Computer-aided diagnosis in breast tomosynthesis and chest CT. 1966 36

New parameters that could be used as tumor markers for lung cancer would be valuable. Our aim was to analyze the fatty acid profiles of total lipids from erythrocytes and platelets from patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma to reveal the fatty acids that could be used as NSCLC biomarkers. In our study, 50, 15 and 15 patients with advanced NSCLC, COPD and asthma and 50 healthy subjects were enrolled. Fatty acid profiles were investigated using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry followed by ROC (receiver operating characteristics) curves analysis to gain information about biomarkers. Sialic acid (SA) and cytokeratins were measured by the thiobarbituric acid and immunoradiometric methods respectively. Useful fatty acid markers were as follows: erythrocytes, 22:0 and linoleic acid (LA, 18:2n6); platelets, 16:0, 18:0, and LA. At the cutoff value to obtain maximum accuracy, the best biomarker was platelet LA, with higher diagnostic yields than the commonly used markers SA or cytokeratins (100%, 76%, 75% and 86% sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and accuracy, respectively). These findings suggest that platelet LA might be used as a biomarker of NSCLC in relation to different aspects of the disease process that now needs to be explored.
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PMID:Platelet linoleic acid is a potential biomarker of advanced non-small cell lung cancer. 1973 67

To improve the diagnostic efficiency of cancer, serum fluorescence spectrum combined with tumor marker groups was proved more powerful, especially when used with mathematical evaluation model, that is, artificial neural network (ANN) modeling. ANN modeling is very suitable for the discrimination of lung cancer. ANN has evident superiority in solving nonlinear, multi-parameter and uncertain complicated problems. In the present paper, serum fluorescence spectrum was applied to study the difference among normal, benign and malignant groups and develop the relevant method of determination. On the other hand, combined with tumor markers, CEA, NSE, SCC-Ag, CYFRA21-1 and p16 methylation, artificial neural network and Fisher linear discriminatory analysis were used to develop the prediction models of diagnosis of lung cancer, and compared by ROC. It was shown that the result of the fluorescence spectrum combined with tumor markers based on ANN model is superior to that of the fluorescence spectrum ANN model. The performance of ANN model is superior to that of Fisher linear discriminatory analysis.
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PMID:[Value of auto-fluorescence spectrum combined with tumor markers in diagnosis of lung cancer]. 2003 61

This study aimed to identify factors predictive of the benefit of respiratory-gated radiotherapy. Three plans were created for 25 patients with non-small cell lung cancer, simulating the following 3 treatment scenarios. Protocol 1 was non-gated and the lung dose was calculated using 4-s slow CT (PnA), protocol 2 was also non-gated and the lung dose was calculated by CT at the end-expiration phase (PnE), and protocol 3 applied phase-based gating around end-expiration (PgE). We correlated possible predictive factors with the estimated lung dose reduction achieved by respiratory gating. The 3D clinical target volume (CTV) motion, craniocaudal CTV motion, and the craniocaudal CTV position were correlated with the reduction in V20 and the mean lung dose (p < 0.01). CTV was not significantly correlated with the estimated lung dose reduction. The area under the ROC curve (AUC) for 3D- and craniocaudal CTV motion, and craniocaudal CTV position was 1.000, 0.997, and 0.943, respectively, when the threshold for selecting patients was set at a 1% reduction of V20 and at a 0.5 Gy reduction in the mean lung dose. The results of the present study suggest that 3D CTV motion, craniocaudal CTV motion, and the craniocaudal CTV position are useful for predicting the benefit of respiratory-gated radiotherapy in lung cancer patients.
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PMID:Predictive factors for lung dose reduction by respiratory gating at radiotherapy for lung cancer. 2094 May 18

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is difficult to diagnose because of numerous interstitial lung diseases with similar symptoms. As serum DNA has proven useful for early lung cancer detection, we aimed to define the relevance of this marker in discriminating IPF from other fibrotic and nonfibrotic/nonmalignant lung diseases. DNA was quantified in 191 subjects: 64 healthy individuals, 58 patients with IPF, 17 patients with nonspecific pulmonary fibrosis (13 idiopathic nonspecific interstitial pneumonia, 4 chronic hypersensitivity pneumonitis), and 52 patients with other diffuse/nonmalignant lung diseases. The median value of free DNA in IPF patients was 61.1 ng/mL (range 7.1-405), which was significantly higher than that of healthy donors (median 6.8, range 2.2-184) (p<0.001) and that of patients with other diffuse/nonmalignant lung diseases (median 28.0, range 4.2-281) (p=0.004). The area under the ROC curve was 0.926 (95% CI 0.879-0.973) when IPF patients were compared with healthy donors, and 0.702 (95% CI 0.609-0.796) when a comparison was made with non-IPF pulmonary diseases. In conclusion, we observed significantly higher levels of free circulating DNA in patients with IPF than in those with other fibrotic or diffuse/nonmalignant lung diseases.
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PMID:Increased levels of free circulating DNA in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. 2116 45


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