Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0242379 (lung cancer)
 71,905 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Cyclophosphamide was given as IV doses of 50 mg/kg/day on each of four successive days as treatment for ovarian and lung cancer. Blood samples were taken at regular intervals and analysed for cyclophosphamide by gas liquid chromatography. The plasma half-lives (t 1/2) and volumes of distribution (V D) were calculated for each of the treatment days; t 1/2 was found to decrease with subsequent doses whereas V D was not significantly changed.
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PMID:Decreased plasma half-life of cyclophosphamide during repeated high-dose administration. 686 Dec 64

Gibberelic acid (GA) was used alone or in combination with cytostatics (Vincristine, Cyclophosphamide, HN3), surgical treatment or radiotherapy, in treatment of 65 patients with lung cancer. The patinets were followed up from the end of 1972 until the end of 1977. It was found that the administration of GA, at the given doses, did not cause toxic effects in treated patients and it improved for shorter or longer period of time some metabolic functions and activity of hemopoiesis. Some analgetic effect(2) of GA was also registered.
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PMID:Application of gibberelic acid (GA) alone or together wih cytostatics in treatment of lung cancer. 739 58

Plasma levels of non metabolized CPA were measured in two groups of lung cancer patients receiving polychemotherapy. There was extreme variability in the data obtained during the first hour after CPA administration. After this period of time a wide range of T 1/2 was found particularly in one of the two groups of patients. "Border-line" patients (with T 1/2 at the upper or lower limits of the range found) are discussed as regards the possible influence of ancillary treatment.
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PMID:Plasma levels of cyclophosphamide in patients under polychemotherapeutic regimens. 744 21

The authors studied the influence on survival of 21 clinical, anatomical, haematological and biochemical factors evaluated, at diagnosis, of 411 patients (pts) with advanced Non Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) followed in our department between 1984 and 1990. Most of the patients were male (347--84.4%) and only 64 (15.6%) were females. Median age was 62 years, but was slightly higher in females. Only 34 patients were aged under 45 years. Squamous cell carcinoma (215 pts--52%) and adenocarcinoma (152 pts--37%) were the most frequent histologic types. Performance status was poor--only 103 (25%) continued active; 120 (29%) spent at least half of the time in bed; 188 (46%) were severely limited. After staging, 179 (44%) presented locally advanced disease (stage IIIB) and 232 (56%) metastatic dissemination (stage IV). Therapy was defined by the oncologic group according to individual characteristics and based on clinical grounds. Anti-neoplastic therapy was performed in 225 (55%), chemotherapy alone in 121 (30%), radiation therapy alone in 67 (16%), and sequential combined treatment (chemotherapy and thoracic radiation) in 37 (9%). Until 1987, the main chemotherapy regimen was MACC (Metrotrexate + Adriamycine + Cyclophosphamide + Lomustin), afterwards VP(M) (Cisplatin + Vimblastin + Mitomycine). Radiation therapy was performed using Co60, 2 Gy/day, 5 days a week, for 4 weeks (approximately 45 Gy total). The response rate was poor--four complete responses (2%), 42 (19%) partial responses. The overall median survival was 4.3 months and only 5% of patients were alive after 18 months of follow up. Prognostic importance of each characteristic studied was initially done by unifactorial analysis, followed by multifactorial analysis according to two methods: Cox proportional hazards model and recursive partitioning amalgamation--RECPAM. Regardless of the method used, the main determinants of survival were found to be performance status (Zubrod), weight loss and serum albumin. Other factors such as the staging (presence or absence of metastasis), lymphocytes, lactic dehydrogenase, and hoarseness were also significant. It is noteworthy that age and histological type were irrelevant; sex and hoarseness only proved important when integrated within a multifactorial model. The overall prognostic evaluation and therapeutic decision of advanced NSCLC patients could be improved by combining the prognostic value of TNM with that of performance status, weight loss and serum albumin. These prognostic guidelines must be taken into account when designing new clinical trials.
Lung Cancer 1995 Dec
PMID:Survival predictors in advanced non-small cell lung cancer. 871 65

The incidence of lung cancer is increasing, and therapy for patients with this disease is not satisfactory. Surgery is done for patients with clinical (c)-stage I, II, and resectable stage IIIA non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Chemotherapy, alone or in combination with radiotherapy, is given to patients with unresectable stage IV and stage III NSCLC, respectively. Chemotherapy is an important therapeutic modality for patients with small cell lung cancer (SCLC). CDDP + VP-16 (PVP) and CPA + ADM + VCR (CAV) alternating PVP regimens are standard treatment for patients with SCLC. Chemotherapy and radiotherapy are given to patients with limited disease. To develop more effective treatments, we are investigating (1) the schedule and timing of radiotherapy, (2) combination chemotherapy including new drugs, (3) dose-intensive chemotherapy, and (4) new strategies such as gene therapy. Radiotherapy is commonly used sequentially and the standard fractionation is 2 Gy/fr/day. We are studying other timings, such as concurrent and alternating, and other schedules, such as hyperfractionation and accelerated hyperfractionation. Promising new drugs include paciltaxel, docetaxel, vinorelbine, and CPT-11. These are now used in combination with platinum. To evaluate dose-intensive chemotherapy for SCLC, we are conducting a phase III study comparing CODG + G-CSF with CAV/PVP.
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PMID:[Can improvement in therapy decrease the rate of death due to lung cancer?]. 875 77

The intensity of complains, short survival and great number of patients makes many oncologists to apply chemotherapy in advanced non-small cell lung cancer/NSCLC/. The achieved median duration of life after chemotherapy was 6 to 12 month. From the other hand non small cell lung cancer chemotherapy is a big burden even to healthy persons. It can worsen the quality of life. That was the reason we evaluated the quality of life after chemotherapy in advanced non small cell lung cancer patients. Taking into account, that the evaluation of quality of life, used in most diseases is useless in advanced NSCLC patients, for appreciation the quality of life in these cases the lung cancer symptoms scale/LCSS/was adopted. In 110 non small cell lung cancer patients in stage IIIB and IV, who received combined chemotherapy by Le Chevalier/Vindesine, Cisplatin, Cyclophosphamide, Lomustin/or by Rosell/Mitomycin, Cyclophosphamide, Cisplatin/the quality of life was evaluated. In 20-persons control group all patients received the symptomatic treatment. In observed group of 110 patients, tumor regressions after 4 courses of chemotherapy allowed to resect cancer in 14 cases, to apply radiotherapy in 42 and to continue chemiotherapy in 23 persons. In every person from above mentioned group the quality of life was evaluated on the basis of intensity of cancer symptoms, accordingly to LCSS. The intensity of cancer symptoms was compared before and after treatment. There were compared; the innensity of complains, weakness, appetite, malnutrition, and hematological, neurological, performans state as well as respiratory sufficiency, infections, cardiac disorders and pain. Apart it, the side effects of applied therapy were assessed in 5 degree scale. The level of hemoglobin, the number of leucocytes, thrombocytes, bilirubine and transaminases in peripheral blood, hematurie, proteinurie, bleedings, appetite, nausea, vomitings, diarrhea, mucosal lesions, infections, skin lesions, cardiac lesions, neurological lesions, respiratory disorders, allergy, alopecia. It was established that, chemotherapy in the most patients improved the performance status and minimized cancer symptoms especially, after good response to treatment. After anticancer therapy more frequently severe infections and cardiac disorders, independently to results of treatment were seen. In non-responders, the cancer symptoms were intensified by side effects of antineoplastic-therapy. In this group of patients the severe side effects of therapy more frequently were seen.
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PMID:[The quality of life after chemotherapy in advanced non-small cell lung cancer patients]. 1034 48

An interim report evaluating the feasibility of myeloablative therapy followed by peripheral blood stem cell (PBSC) autotransplant in patients aged >60 years is presented. In the last 2 years 19 patients >60 years old with several oncological conditions, mostly hematological, underwent PBSC autotransplant either as salvage therapy following relapse or resistance to conventional treatment, or as consolidating therapy as a part of a well defined protocol. There were 13 males and six females; the mean age was 66.9 years (range 61-76 years); nine patients had resistant or relapsed lymphoma, six myeloma, two acute leukemia, one Waldenstrom's disease and one lung cancer. Myeloablative schemes included BEAM exclusively for lymphomas, busulfan and melphalan (Bu-MPH) mainly for myeloma, busulfan and cyclophosphamide (Bu-CTX) for lymphomas and leukemia and VP-16 and CTX for lung cancer. Mobilization of CD34+ cells was achieved in all patients with the combination of high-dose CTX and G-CSF with collections between 2.83 to 19.04 x 10(6)/kg (mean 7.1). All patients engrafted with a median time for recovery of PMN (>0.5 x 10(3)/microl) of 10 days (range 8-12 days) and for PLT (>20 x 10(3)/microl) of 12 days (range 10-17 days). Major responses were obtained in 15 of 16 patients evaluable for response and eight patients entered CR; overall eight patients are in CR, five are alive with disease, five are dead from disease progression and one is dead because of congestive heart failure 7 months following PBSC autotransplant. No early deaths following the procedure occurred; major side-effects were grade I-II mucositis (58%), fever with documented sepsis (10%), pneumonia (5%), cardiac, renal and liver toxicity (5%). Cardiac function was evaluated before and after myeloablative therapy by VEF in all patients; no significant modifications were necessary. In conclusion, our experience demonstrates that myeloablative therapies in older selected patients can be feasible; the feasibility of introducing PBSC autotransplantation following myeloablative therapy as a front-line treatment in patients aged >60 years, needs accurate guide lines for selection of appropriate patients.
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PMID:Analysis of feasibility of myeloablative therapy and autologous peripheral stem cell (PBSC) transplantation in the elderly: an interim report. 1041 15

Small cell lung cancer is highly sensitive to chemotherapy, and a survival advantage with its use is well established. However, whether chemotherapy also confers such benefits to patients with severe organ dysfunction has not been extensively studied. The goal of this study was to provide further guidance for clinical decision-making. Medical records from small cell lung cancer patients who were seen at a single tertiary care institution between 1994 and 2002 were reviewed. All patients with severe organ dysfunction were identified. The latter was defined as creatinine >/=3mg/dl, total bilirubin>/=3mg/dl, and/or platelet count</=50 x10(6) per milliliter. An in depth review of treatment and outcome in this patient subgroup was then undertaken. A total of 993 small cell lung cancer patients were seen during this period, and 25 (2.5%) had severe organ dysfunction. Eleven had been treated with chemotherapy, 11 had not, and this information was not retrievable in 3. Cyclophosphamide, etoposide (oral or intravenous), paclitaxel, cisplatin, or carboplatin were prescribed as single agents or in combination; 8 of 11 patients received an initial dose reduction. With chemotherapy, three patients normalized their bilirubin, and one manifested a notable drop. Median survival was 150 days for chemotherapy-treated patients but only 10 days for those who did not receive it. One patient died a few days after chemotherapy; three others were hospitalized immediately thereafter; and two were lost to follow up. In five patients, no notable adverse events were noted in the medical record. These preliminary findings suggest that, even in the presence of severe organ dysfunction, a subgroup of small cell lung cancer patients can tolerate chemotherapy, normalize their laboratory parameters, and go on to live for several months.
Lung Cancer 2005 Aug
PMID:Ramifications of severe organ dysfunction in newly diagnosed patients with small cell lung cancer: contemporary experience from a single institution. 1602 15

Angiogenesis is now known to play an important role in both growth and metastasis of lung cancer. The intense interest in angiogenesis has led to a re-examination of the activity of many established cytotoxic agents. Some results of recent experimental studies have suggested that frequent administration of certain cytotoxic agents at low doses increases the antiangiogenic activity of the drugs. In the present study, we investigated the efficacy of the combination of low-dose cyclophosphamide and ginsenoside Rg3 for the antiangiogenic effect on Lewis lung carcinoma. Our findings suggest that continuous low-dose regimen of CTX increases the efficacy of targeting the tumor microvasculature, which produces therapeutic activity with decreased toxicity. The effects of the low-dose schedule of CTX may be further enhanced by concurrent administration of angiogenic inhibitor ginsenoside Rg3. As an antiangiogenic method, this regimen has the advantage of a reduced susceptibility to drug resistance mechanisms and improved animal survival.
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PMID:Antiangiogenic effect of low-dose cyclophosphamide combined with ginsenoside Rg3 on Lewis lung carcinoma. 1649 74

The role of receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappaB ligand (RANKL)/osteoprotegerin (OPG) system, and osteopontin (OPN) was studied in patients with solid tumors metastatic to the bone in relation to the type of malignancy and the neoplastic burden to the skeleton. Levels of soluble RANKL (sRANKL), OPG and OPN were assessed in 61 patients with breast, lung and prostate cancer with newly-diagnosed metastasis to the bone, in parallel with bone resorption [C-telopeptide of type-I collagen (CTX), tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase-5b (TRACP-5b)] and bone formation markers [bone-alkaline phosphatase (bALP), osteocalcin (OC), and C-terminal propeptide of collagen type-I (CICP)]. Patients had elevated serum levels of sRANKL, OPG, OPN, TRACP-5b, and bALP, and reduced OC levels compared to controls. OPG correlated with the extent of metastatic bone burden. Patients with breast and lung cancer shared increased levels of sRANKL, OPG, and OPN whereas prostate cancer patients had elevated values of OPG and bALP only. These results suggest that patients with solid tumors metastatic to the bone have severe disruption of the sRANKL/OPG axis. Breast and lung cancer seem to exert their osteolytic action through upregulation of the sRANKL/OPG system and OPN, whereas prostate cancer seems to provoke profound elevation of OPG levels only, thus leading to increased osteoblastic activity.
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PMID:Abnormal bone remodeling process is due to an imbalance in the receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappaB ligand (RANKL)/osteoprotegerin (OPG) axis in patients with solid tumors metastatic to the skeleton. 1745 73


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