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Query: UMLS:C0242379 (lung cancer)
 71,905 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The authors identified all newly diagnosed lung cancer cases in New Hampshire and Vermont for the period 1973 through 1976 and abstracted clinical data on presenting symptoms and findings from their hospital records. Microscopy slides were also reviewed, when possible, to confirm cell type. The most frequent presenting symptoms were weight loss (46%) and cough (45%). Other common symptoms were dyspnea (37%), weakness (34%), chest pain (27%), and hemoptysis (27%). The presence of symptoms and findings was in general related to disease stage but bore little relationship to cell type. These results differ from those of previously reported case series that were based on surgical, radiation therapy, or Veterans Hospital groups, but the current data agree closely with those from another population-based series in Finland.
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PMID:Presenting conditions of 1539 population-based lung cancer patients by cell type and stage in New Hampshire and Vermont. 299 57

More than 1,900 patients of advanced and inoperable malignant tumor were treated with fast neutron radiotherapy using 30 MeV (d-Be) and 14 MeV (d-Be) beams at NIRS and IMS between 1975 and 1986. Protocols were largely nonrandomized. Some results have been obtained: 1) results with mixed beam studies for advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix have been equivocal compared with the photon controls. 2) some trends of local control have been observed in the trial of esophageal cancer, early cases of adenocarcinoma of the lung and malignant melanoma. 3) significant better results were observed in the pancoast type lung cancer and osteo sarcoma which was treated by the systemic multimodal treatment. It is concluded that neutrons are efficacious for certain specific tumor types owing to some biological effects, however the problem of inferior dose distribution was the weakness of neutron therapy at present.
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PMID:[Present status of high LET radiation therapy--fast neutron radiotherapy in Japan]. 312 93

A case of 70-year old male manifesting a simultaneous adenocarcinoma, malignant lymphoma and silicotuberculosis in the same lung has been reported. The patient, who had worked as a miner for 24 years and had been treated for silicosis 11 years previously, was found to have a new, abnormal shadow during a routine chest X-ray. Later, sputum cytology revealed the adenocarcinoma. He was treated with chemotherapy, but died 24 months later, his death attributed to lung cancer, complicated with respiratory insufficiency and weakness. An autopsy confirmed the presence of an adenocarcinoma and silicotuberculosis, and a histological examination revealed the coexistence of malignant lymphoma in the same lung.
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PMID:[An autopsy case revealing the simultaneous coexistence of adenocarcinoma, malignant lymphoma and silicotuberculosis in the same lung]. 340 54

Five cases of intramedullary spinal cord metastasis are presented and an additional 50 cases from the English language literature since 1960 are reviewed. Lung cancer and breast cancer were the most frequently occurring primary neoplasms, but a wide variety of solid tumors may cause intramedullary spinal cord metastasis. The presenting symptoms were pain and/or weakness. The neurologic status deteriorated rapidly in the majority of patients in a period to days to weeks. Progression to a cord hemisection syndrome or cord transection occurred in approximately half of the patients. The characteristic myelographic appearance of fusiform swelling of the cord was seen in one third of the patients, but the myelogram was normal in 42%. Plain radiographs of the spine showed no evidence of metastatic disease in three fourths of cases. The cerebrospinal fluid protein level was frequently elevated, but results of cytologic studies were usually negative. High-resolution computer-assisted tomographic scanning may show intramedullary metastases. Radiation therapy combined with corticosteroid administration offers the only effective palliation. The recognition of intramedullary spinal cord metastasis is an ominous finding. Intramedullary spinal cord metastasis generally occurred in the setting of widespread systemic and intracranial disease, but occasionally was the only site of relapse. More than 80% of patients died within 3 months. Heightened awareness of this entity may lead to early diagnosis at a stage when neurologic deficits are reversible and, it is hoped, more effective palliation can be achieved.
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PMID:Clinical features and natural history of intramedullary spinal cord metastasis. 405 74

Fifty-two patients with metastatic or recurrent non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) were treated, during a phase II trial, with methylglyoxal-bis-(guanylhydrazone) (MGBG). Of the 44 patients who had adequate trials, 4 had partial responses (PR), for an overall 9% PR rate. Response durations ranged from 3 to 5+ months. Prior treatment with chemotherapy may have adversely affected response rate; 15% of previously untreated patients responded, compared to only 4% of previously treated patients. A syndrome of weakness and fatigue was the most serious side effect. Anorexia and weight loss, stomatitis, nausea and vomiting, diarrhea, and peripheral neuropathy were the other toxic effects. We conclude that MGBG has activity in NSCLC, especially in previously untreated patients, and further studies are indicated in that population.
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PMID:Phase II trial of methylglyoxal-bis-(guanylhydrazone) in non-small-cell lung cancer. 627 32

This report describes a 63-yr-old man with lung cancer accompanying hypertension, hyperpigmentation, muscle weakness, psychosis, hypokalemia, hyperglycemia, hyponatremia, massive natriuresis and lower serum osmolality than urine osmolality. Elevated levels of plasma and urine corticosteroids and of plasma immunoreactive adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) were not altered by the administration of large amounts of dexamethasone. Elevated plasma antidiuretic hormone (ADH) values were also demonstrated. Postmortem examinations revealed small cell lung carcinoma with extensive metastasis, bilateral adrenocortical hyperplasia and Crooke's degeneration of the pituitary gland. Immunoradiological and immunohistochemical studies demonstrated the presence of immunoreactive ACTH, ADH and gastrin-releasing peptide in the tumor tissue. Beta-melanocyte-stimulating hormone, calcitonin and carcinoembryonic antigen were also detected by one of the methods. Hence, this is a rare case of lung cancer with multiple hormone production and clinical and laboratory evidence of both the ectopic ACTH and ADH syndromes.
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PMID:Small cell lung carcinoma with ectopic adrenocorticotropic hormone and antidiuretic hormone syndromes: a case report. 632 89

The methodology of the 1982 Report of the Surgeon General is examined with special reference to smoking and lung cancer. Part II of the Report describes the five criteria for causality that have guided the judgment of committees since 1964. I show that not one of the criteria, plausibly interpreted, is satisfied by the epidemiologic evidence for lung cancer. A weakness underlying all the Reports is a prior failure to recognize all the logical possibilities inherent in an association between smoking and a disease. The five criteria and the subjective method of "judgment" are inappropriate to a scientific analysis; they should be replaced by the objective testing of hypotheses. Limitations in the evidence and in concepts about tobacco carcinogenesis preclude definitive conclusions. Nevertheless, the entire association between cigarette smoking and lung cancer--at least in male Caucasoid populations--is unlikely to be explained by causation.
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PMID:The surgeon general's "epidemiologic criteria for causality." A critique. 665 26

One hundred and thirty-one patients presenting to a general hospital with neurological symptoms deriving from spinal metastases were reviewed. The primary site of tumour was the lung in 33 per cent, breast in 28 per cent, other sites in 25 per cent and unknown in 14 per cent. Haematological malignancies were excluded. In 47 per cent of cases the spinal metastasis produced the first evidence of malignant disease. Spinal or radicular pain was the initial complaint in 69 per cent of cases, followed by the appearance of neurological symptoms. Leg weakness usually preceded sphincter disturbance, and was the commonest reason for referral. Spinal cord compression occurred in 106 patients, 10 had compression of conus medullaris or cauda equina and 15 had evidence of radicular compression only. Plain x-rays of the spine were abnormal in 84 per cent of patients, and in 94 per cent of those with carcinoma of the breast. The results of treatment by radiotherapy alone were retrospectively compared with those of surgical decompression (with or without radiotherapy). There was no significant difference between these results for immediate response to treatment or for long-term outcome. The best predictor of outcome was the site of primary tumour. Only 17 per cent of patients with lung cancer responded well to treatment and only 2 per cent were alive one year after treatment; 51 per cent of patients with breast cancer responded well and 36 per cent were alive at one year. Surgical treatment is considered preferable in cases in which the diagnosis of cancer is not proven, when there is a possibility of neural compression by diseased bone rather than soft tumour tissue and when the area has previously been irradiated. These groups accounted for about 60 per cent of our patients. Radiotherapy alone may be preferred if multiple lesions are demonstrated. In other cases a therapeutic decision is required. The availability of neurosurgical and radiotherapeutic facilities will be a factor. There is no clear evidence from our figures or from the literature of a difference between results obtained by radiotherapy alone and those with surgical decompression followed by irradiation. The choice of treatment will depend upon the particular requirements of each individual parent.
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PMID:Spinal metastases. A retrospective survey from a general hospital. 706 72

The author reports the observations over 190 patients referred to the Tuberculosis Institute for the present or suspected pulmonary tuberculosis of the lower lobe localization. In 47 (24.7%) of the patients the diagnosis of tuberculosis was rejected and lung cancer was diagnosed, central--in 5 of them, peripheral--in 42. Clinical manifestations in patients with tuberculosis and cancer were similar, weakness, cough, poor appetite being predominent; however, in cancer patients these were more frequently observed and more manifest with a tendency to aggravation and showing no response to tuberculostatic drugs. In 26.6% of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis and in 21.3% of lung cancer patients clinical manifestations of the disease were either entirely absent or insignificantly pronounced.
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PMID:[Differential diagnosis of inferior lobe tuberculosis and malignant lung tumors]. 735 92

A total of 4,081 patients with various malignant tumours were treated by electrochemical therapy (ECT) at 66 hospitals in China during the period 1987-1992. The clinical effectiveness of ECT was analysed in 2,516 patients who had complete hospital records. The most common malignant tumours treated with ECT was lung cancer (n = 593), skin cancer (n = 401), liver cancer (n = 388) and breast cancer (n = 228). Two thousand one hundred and twenty-four patients were followed up for 1 to 5 years. Survival rates were 84.3% for 1 year, 79.1% for 2 years, 63.5% for 3 years, 57.8% for 4 years, and 46.6% for 5 years. The 5-year survival for T1 and T2 stages was significantly better than for T3 and T4 stages (66.7% vs. 27.1%, p < 0.05). The short-term objective response (complete and partial response) was 78.1%. ECT is indicated in patients who are unsuitable for operation and radio- or chemotherapy due to old age, and who suffer from general weakness, or insufficiency of vital organs.
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PMID:Advances in the treatment of malignant tumours by electrochemical therapy (ECT). 753 Oct 17


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