Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0242379 (lung cancer)
 71,905 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The basement membrane is considered to act as a barrier which hinders cancer cells from invading the surrounding stroma. In order to assess changes in essential components during neoplasia in the lung, we immunohistochemically studied distribution patterns of laminins alpha 3 and alpha 5 in 40 adenocarcinomas and 8 squamous cell carcinomas. The a 5 chain was generally preserved at the periphery, frequently disrupted in foci with alveolar collapse and absent in foci of fibroblastic proliferation within adenocarcinomas. Fragmentation and absence of laminin alpha 3 chain were more prominent than for alpha 5 chain. Laminin alpha 3 chain was partially fragmented or absent in peripheral areas of adenocarcinomas, being significantly different from alpha 5 chain. Non-small cell lung cancers with reduced alpha 5 chain showed a tendency for greater lymph node metastasis. In cultured normal air way epithelial cells, both laminin alpha 3 and alpha 5 chains were found to be expressed by northern analysis. Eleven of the twelve cultured lung cancer cell lines did not express alpha 3 chain and expression of alpha 5 chain was reduced in three. Quantitative RT-PCR analysis also demonstrated expression of laminin alpha 3 chain in adenocarcinoma tissues to be significantly lower than in normal lung tissues. These results suggest that expression of laminin alpha chains is often reduced in lung cancer cells and this might contribute to basement membrane fragmentation and subsequent proliferation of stromal elements, as well as play some role in the process of cancer cell invasion.
 ...
PMID:Reduced expression of laminin alpha 3 and alpha 5 chains in non-small cell lung cancers. 1126 39

Nine patients with pulmonary tuberculosis underwent open chest surgery for pulmonary lesions of tuberculosis or other than tubercolosis. They were 1 case of lung cancer, 4 cases of pneumothorax, 1 case of multi drug resistant pulmonary tuberculosis and 3 cases of tuberculoma. Postoperative complications developed in 3 cases including 2 of pneumothorax and 1 of lung collapse.
 ...
PMID:[Pulmonary surgery for pulmonary lesion with pulmonary tuberculosis or of tuberculosis]. 1171 71

The objective of this study was to examine the relationship between descriptors of breathlessness and its underlying cause in patients with lung cancer and cardiopulmonary diseases to see whether descriptors might be used to help determine the cause of breathlessness, particularly in patients with lung cancer. We studied 131 patients with primary or secondary lung cancer, whose breathlessness was attributed to tumor mass, pleural effusion, lung collapse, metastases, pleural thickening or lymphangitis carcinomatosis, and 130 patients with breathlessness attributed to asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), interstitial lung disease or cardiac failure. Patients selected statements (descriptors) that described the quality of their breathlessness from a 15-item questionnaire and the relationship between the descriptors and the attributed cause of breathlessness was evaluated by cluster analysis. All patient groups were characterized by more than one cluster and several clusters were shared between groups. Specific sets of clusters were associated with breathlessness due to asthma, COPD and cardiac failure, and to cancer causing collapse, metastases or pleural thickening. The association of different sets of clusters with the different diagnostic groups suggests that patients are describing qualitatively different experiences of breathlessness, but the relationship does not appear to be sufficiently robust for the questionnaire to aid differential diagnosis.
 ...
PMID:Descriptors of breathlessness in patients with cancer and other cardiorespiratory diseases. 1188 16

Preservation of alveolar architecture in small bronchioloalveolar carcinoma (BAC) is one of the most important factors for predicting their prognosis, alveolar shrinkage in BAC, however, has not been studied well. In ten cases of pure BAC without collapse or central fibrosis, we measured two two-dimensional (2D) parameters; side-length of the alveoli facing alveolar ducts and circumference of the alveoli forming complete circles. And we also examined three-dimensionally (3D) elastic fibers and myofibroblasts in the thick sections. In BAC, 2D parameters showed alveolar shrinkage. The elastic fibers forming the alveolar framework, including the alveolar orifice, were 3D sinuous and bent in BAC, and suggested that alveolar shrinkage cased by folding of the alveolar wall. Myofibroblasts lay transversely and longitudinally in the interstitium in BAC, intertwined with the elastic fibers. Proliferation of myofibroblasts may be of importance in alveolar wall-folding and alveolar shrinkage in BAC.
Lung Cancer 2002 Jun
PMID:Alveolar shrinkage in bronchioloalveolar carcinoma without central fibrosis. 1200 39

A 64-yr-old man was admitted to our hospital for the examination of the abnormal shadow in his left lung field, which was diagnosed later as lung cancer. Radical operation was scheduled under combined epidural/general anesthesia. One lung ventilation was performed to facilitate the operative procedure for two hours and fifteen minutes. About two hours after the re-expansion of his left lung, he complained of dyspnea. He was hypoxic and moist rale was audible in his left lung. Cloudy shadow emerged in the left field of his chest X-P. Under bronchofiberoptic observation, excessive serous secretions was seen, but no obstructive lesions were found in his bronchial tree. Re-expansion pulmonary edema was suspected for these findings. It was improved with mechanical ventilation with PEEP. Re-expansion pulmonary edema seldom occurs in one lung anesthesia. Although radical operation of esophageal cancer performed six years before might have induced the development of re-expansion pulmonary edema in our case, complete collapse with quick re-expansion of the lung is clearly a potential risk of re-expansion pulmonary edema. Careful management is necessary after one lung ventilation.
 ...
PMID:[A case of re-expansion pulmonary edema after one lung ventilation for the radical operation of lung cancer]. 1264 71

Numerous genetic changes are associated with metastasis of cancer cells. Previously, we used microarray to identify that collapsin response mediator protein-1 (CRMP-1) was involved in cancer invasion and metastasis. We further characterized that CRMP-1 was a novel invasion-suppression gene. Members of the CRMP gene family are intracellular phosphoproteins involved in the mediation of semaphorin induced F-actin depolymerization and growth cone collapse. The precise mechanism by which CRMP-I inhibits invasion is not yet clear. However, CRMP-1 transfected cells had fewer filopodia and less Matrigel-invasion abilities. A low expression of CRMP-I mRNA in lung cancer tissue was significantly associated with advanced disease, lymph node metastasis, early post-operative relapse, and shorter survival. In this article, we reviewed the functions of CRMPs and semaphorins and analyzed the structure and motifs of CRMP-1 by bioinformatics. As such, we hoped to shed further light on the mechanism by which CRMP-1 suppresses the invasion of cancer cells.
 ...
PMID:Collapsin response mediator protein-1: a novel invasion-suppressor gene. 1265 Jun 9

A 56-year-old woman was referred for an abnormally dense area in the right upper lung field detected at medical checkup. This shadow had been pointed out frequently since she was 38 years old, but no pathological diagnosis of lung cancer had been given. The size of the abnormal area had gradually increased over the 18 years. Since lung cancer was suspected on the basis of the radiographic findings, she underwent open lung biopsy. Pathologically, the tumor tissue showed a lepidic growth pattern on the wall of preexisting alveoli; and formation of fibrotic foci caused by the collapse of alveoli and the microscopic destruction of the elastic fiber framework were seen in the tumor. There was no vascular invasion or lymphatic infiltration in the tumor. It was diagnosed as well-differentiated nonmucinous adenocarcinoma, p-T2 N0 M0. Although this tumor was untreated for 18 years from the first detection using chest radiography, the critical invasive features were not in evidence pathologically.
 ...
PMID:[A case of well-differentiated nonmucinous adenocarcinoma of the lung with an 18-year clinical course before surgery]. 1458 90

Severe, life-threatening acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding may occasionally occur in patients receiving coumarol prophylaxis for prosthetic heart valves. These patients are exposed to two potential, serious risks: bleeding due to the severe blood loss induced by excessive anticoagulant effect or as a consequence of the cessation of anticoagulation subsequent thrombotic occlusion of the valve and loss of patency. Herein a short case report is presented. The elderly male patient had a prosthetic valve in the aortic position and also suffered from two malignant diseases: chronic lymphocytic leukaemia and a more recently developed lung cancer with metastatic spread into both lungs. The patient had a major gastrointestinal bleed, leading to a sudden fall of haematocrit (0.09), and to a collapse of peripheral circulation due to too excessive a coumarol effect (International Normalized Ratio > 8). An acute left ventricular failure developed during the early period of the emergency blood transfusion, so the correction of prothrombin time by fresh-frozen plasma (due to the large volume requirement) was not feasible. The patient received 50 microg/kg intravenous bolus of NovoSeven (recombinant active factor VII) in an almost desperate situation. The International Normalized Ratio changed to 2.1 in 30 min; bleeding had stopped immediately. There was neither evidence of disseminated intravascular coagulation (in spite of the age and underlying diseases) nor loss of valve patency or infective endocarditis during follow-up. This modest report may call attention to the potential use of recombinant active factor VII in the coumarol-induced severe bleeding episodes of prosthetic heart valve patients.
 ...
PMID:Successful control of massive coumarol-induced acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding and correction of prothrombin time by recombinant active factor VII (Eptacog-alpha, NovoSeven) in a patient with a prosthetic aortic valve and two malignancies (chronic lymphoid leukaemia and lung cancer). 1506 Apr 25

Airway stenting at the wave-speed flow-limiting segment (the choke point) is assessed. We determined prospectively the precise location of the choke point using the flow-volume curve, endobronchial ultrasonography, ultrathin bronchoscopy, and three-dimensional computed tomography scan before and after stenting in 64 patients with extrincic compression due to lung cancer. We noted distinct flow-volume curve patterns specific to the type of stenosis. The tracheal stenosis group indicated fixed narrowing patterns with an expiratory plateau, bronchial stenosis group dynamic collapse patterns with an expiratory flow deterioration (choking), carinal stenosis group combined fixed and dynamic patterns, and extensive stenosis group complex patterns containing elements of all the former. After stenting, almost full-function patterns with significant improvement in PEF were observed in all groups (p < 0.01, p < 0.05, p < 0.001, p < 0.01, respectively). In patients with extensive stenosis, implantation of additional stents was required when the choke points were observed to have migrated to the areas of malacia with cartilage destruction by the tumor. Secondary stenting at migrated choke points resulted in a significant improvement in PEF over the initial stenting (p < 0.01). Stenting at the choke point improved expiratory flow limitation by increasing the cross-sectional area, supporting the weakened airway wall and relieving dyspnea.
 ...
PMID:Stenting at the flow-limiting segment in tracheobronchial stenosis due to lung cancer. 1513 55

Using 32 small adenocarcinomas of the lung including bronchioloalveolar carcinoma (BAC), the reproducibility of diagnosis by the modified diagnostic criteria for small adenocarcinoma (Cancer 75; 2844, 1995) and the effectiveness of an educational program for 27 volunteer general pathologists were examined. The average coincidence rate of the diagnosis before and after the program was 42.4% and 56.6%, respectively. The coincidence rate after the program was significantly higher than that before the program (P < 0.05). In contrast, the average coincidence rate of six lung cancer specialists was 71.4%, and this was significantly higher than that for general pathologists after the program (P < 0.05). When the cases were divided into two groups (in situ adenocarcinoma (BAC and BAC with alveolar collapse) and early invasive adenocarcinoma), the average coincidence rate for the general pathologists after the program increased to 85.3%, which was significantly higher than that before the program (80.3%; P < 0.05). The rate for the specialists was 89%, which was higher than that for the general pathologists after the program but not significantly so. This trial was thought to provide a theoretical background for the histological diagnosis of peripheral type adenocarcinoma of the lung and to justify the existing diagnostic criteria.
 ...
PMID:Reproducibility of the diagnosis of small adenocarcinoma of the lung and usefulness of an educational program for the diagnostic criteria. 1566 Jun 97


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>