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Query: UMLS:C0242379 (lung cancer)
 71,905 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Thirty-eight neodymium yttrium aluminium garnet (Nd-YAG) laser sessions have been performed in 26 patients under local anaesthesia. The majority of patients had recurrences of inoperable non-small-cell lung cancer after radiotherapy. At evaluation, a subjective improvement of dyspnoea was noticed in 70% (18/26) of the patients, and in 54% (14/26) of the cases, a greater than 50% improvement of the airway lumen diameter was assessed at bronchoscopy. Haemoptysis subsided in 4 out of the 5 patients. On 2 occasions, the rigid scope was introduced to provide optimal control of minor bleeding during the laser performance. Neither respiratory failure, nor any treatment-related death has occurred. In our hands, Nd-YAG treatment under local anaesthesia was a feasible, effective and safe procedure.
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PMID:Nd-YAG laser under local anaesthesia in obstructive endobronchial tumours. 166 45

The laser palliation of patients with unresectable lung cancer has an acceptable complication rate. Perforation, bleeding, and pneumothorax are the main complications described. Cardiovascular morbidity has been reported to be 1% in six surgical series and has been attributed to general anesthetics or hypoxia. However, one very recent anesthesia study described a 25% incidence, and two case reports inferred an air embolism. We reviewed 62 patients who have undergone 111 treatments for endobronchial carcinoma. Eight manifested perioperative cardiac or cerebral events. Five of the eight developed bradycardia; four experienced progression to intraoperative cardiac arrest. Other electrocardiographic abnormalities appeared and resolved within 24 hours. Four patients developed stroke and electrocardiographic changes. Two of these resolved spontaneously within 1 month. Early computed tomography in one patient showed intracerebral air. These data indicate that patient disease or hypoxemia is not sufficient to explain intraoperative cardiac and postoperative cerebral changes. Air embolism to the cerebral circulation occurs during laser bronchoscopy. Reduced cooling air flow, return to helium fiber cooling, or reversion to photodynamic therapy is indicated.
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PMID:Cardio-cerebrovascular complications from Nd:YAG laser treatment of lung cancer. 167 Feb 39

Thirty-seven patients with tracheobronchial lesions by malignant tumor were treated with Nd-YAG laser. Thirty-seven patients were twenty-three males and fourteen females and ages ranged from 34 to 79 years. Diseases included were primary tracheal tumor in 3 cases, lung cancer in 16 (8 squamous cell carcinoma, 5 adenocarcinoma, 2 large cell carcinoma, 1 small cell carcinoma), cancer of adjacent organs in 9 (5 thyroid cancers, 4 esophageal cancers), and metastatic cancer to the lung or mediastinal lymph nodes in 9 (4 renal cell carcinoma, 2 thyroid cancer, one patient respectively, colon cancer and breast cancer). Intermittent irradiation of YAG laser was done for 0.5 second at 30-40 Watt through flexible bronchoscope under local anesthesia. It was repeated 1 to 41 times (mean 4.1 times) and energy amount was 148 Joules to 18,513 Joules (mean 3,305 J). The result was; stenosis disappeared in 22 cases (59.4%), improved in 14 (37.8%), and in one case YAG laser therapy discontinued due to intractable bleeding. The Nd-YAG laser therapy for tracheobronchial lesions by malignant tumor is very useful to improve dyspnea or atelectasis.
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PMID:[Nd-YAG laser therapy of tracheobronchial lesions by malignant tumor]. 173 32

Acid-base parameters of the venous blood have been studied in 60 patients with lung cancer randomized into two groups prior to and following lung resection and on days 2, 4 and 9 postoperatively. In group I multicomponent endotracheal anesthesia using controlled lung ventilation and postoperative intramuscular analgesia with non-narcotic and narcotic analgesics were employed. In group II anesthesia and controlled lung ventilation were supplemented by epidural anesthesia with 2.5% trimecaine solution combined with adrenaline and small morphine doses at the upper thoracic segment level, postoperative analgesia for 18 hours was performed likewise. Perioperative acid-base balance changes were found to be more favourable in patients of group II, which was manifested in weaker acidosis by the end of the operation and in the absence of remote pathological changes in the acid-base balance. In patients of group I gradual repeated increase in metabolic acidosis was observed, which by day 9 postoperatively assumed a complicated clinical course.
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PMID:[Perioperative dynamics of the parameters of acid-base equilibrium in patients with lung cancer in relation to the type of anesthesia]. 186 65

Transbronchial needle aspiration biopsy is an endoscopic pulmonary procedure used to diagnose a variety of pulmonary conditions including staging patients with lung cancer and identifying nodules, masses, and benign disorders such as sarcoidosis. Transbronchial needle aspiration biopsy is a safe procedure, performed primarily with local anesthesia combined with intravenous sedation. With the anticipation of this procedure being widely used, more endoscopy nurses will be exposed to this technique. This article is intended to educate nurses and technicians about the procedure of transbronchial needle aspiration and its instruments.
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PMID:Transbronchial needle aspiration. 193 64

Complex examination using fiber bronchoscopy under local anesthesia with urgent cytologic examination of samples was performed in 206 outpatients with clinically suspected lung cancer. Malignancy was diagnosed in 138 cases. Tumor was cytologically confirmed in 95.7% of cases; its pattern was established in 88.7%. It is inferred that cytologic method improves the diagnostic potential of fiber bronchoscopy and assures shorter duration of outpatient examination.
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PMID:[The potentials of fiber bronchoscopy with immediate cytological study in the diagnosis of lung cancer under outpatient conditions]. 216 4

Investigation of certain indices of immunity in 52 patients with lung cancer subjected to X-ray irradiation at stages of the surgical treatment under conditions of various kinds of anesthesia have shown that preoperative radiation therapy with the dose of 30 gr resulted in a considerable suppression of immunity indices at the preoperative period and aggravated immune depression following operative procedures. At the same time immune depressive reactions were found to depend on the kind of anesthesia.
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PMID:[Dynamics of various indicators of immunity in relation to the type of anesthesia during surgical treatment of patients with lung cancer after irradiation]. 217 87

Twelve patients undergoing elective thoracic surgery because of lung cancer, have been studied. The anesthetic management included: continuous epidural anesthesia with bupivacaine (T6-T7), continuous infusion of propofol and vecuronium, mechanical ventilation with an oxygen/air mixture. We evaluated the perioperative analgesia and the cardiovascular side effects of two groups of patients differing for the position (supine or lateral) selected to administer the local anesthetic. We also analysed the most important characteristics of the recovery from anesthesia (degree of analgesia and consciousness, respiratory function and cooperation with physiotherapeutic manoeuvres). The authors conclude that, although the number of patients studied is limited, there are no significant differences between the two groups for intraoperative analgesia and hemodynamic imbalance; the anesthetic technique employed is a reliable alternative to classic balanced anesthesia, because seems to reply very well to the mayor purposes of thoracic surgery. Moreover it makes the operative room free from pollution caused by volatile anesthetics.
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PMID:[Peridural anesthesia and narcosis with propofol in thoracic surgery]. 221 84

The use of pleuroscopy or thoracoscopy in preoperative staging and resectability assessment of lung cancer is uncommon. Diagnostic and exploratory thoracoscopy could be helpful in three circumstances: when malignant pleural effusion is suspected with a lung cancer, while all the initial investigations remain negative: (cytology, needle-biopsy); in cases with radiological images (using CTs-can or MRI) of small metastatic pleural masses without effusion: thoracoscopy is performed after creating a pneumothorax; when mediastinal or hilar extension of the tumor and lymph-nodes (especially in the left superior mediastinum) cannot be reached for biopsy by mediastinoscopy or parasternal mediastinotomy. The investigation is performed under general anesthesia using double-lumen selective intubation and lung exclusion. This procedure provides a better view of the pleural space and mediastinal and hilar areas; macroscopic involvement of vital structures, organs or vessels can be easily seen and large biopsy specimens safely taken, without any postoperative morbidity. Talc insufflation for pleurodesis is added in patients with massive pleural effusion. Failures of the method or false-negative biopsies are related to previous pleurodesis, pleural partition, or adhesions. The contribution of CT scan and MRI imaging is mandatory to determine indications and to select the best endoscopic approach.
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PMID:[Pleuroscopy in the preoperative staging of bronchial cancer]. 234 76

A 61-year-old man with previous myocardial infarction, was diagnosed as having lung cancer. Coronary arteriogram revealed stenoses of left anterior descending artery. We did the concomitant pulmonary and cardiac operations. Anesthesia was induced with fentanyl 1.5 mg and pancuronium 6 mg. A 37 Fr double-lumen endotracheal tube was inserted. Then a pulmonary artery catheter was inserted. The patient was given nitroglycerin for prevention of myocardial ischemia. The tumor had invaded pulmonary artery and therefore right pneumonectomy was necessary. After resection of right lung, coronary artery bypass operation was performed. On weaning from cardio-pulmonary bypass, pulmonary artery pressure increased to 48/20mmHg. Therefore he required dopamine and dobutamine each 4 micrograms.kg-1.min-1 for weaning. But we experienced no serious complications such as hypoxemia or perioperative myocardial infarction.
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PMID:[A case report of anesthesia for concomitant right pneumonectomy and coronary artery bypass operations]. 238 98


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