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Query: UMLS:C0242379 (lung cancer)
 71,905 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

From May 1986 until July 1987, oral morphine hydrochloride in water solution was used in terminal patients, under a strict protocol of administration, and complying with the basic principles of Palliative Care. A retrospective study was carried out on the 40 patients who had received the drug for more than three consecutive days. As shown in Table 1, the average age of the treated patients was 70 years. The ambulatory patients represented 27.5% of the sample. The average initial dose was 60 mg, and the average maintenance dose was 120 mg. The median treatment time was 45 days. "Good" results were achieved in 85% of the patients, and "fairly good" in the remainder ("good" results were defined as "satisfactory symptom control, good life quality"--in this group there were some patients who obtained total suppression of the symptoms and optimal life-quality, i.e. "excellent" results; "bad" results were defined as "total absence of therapeutic effect"; and "fairly good" results, the intermediate cases). The more frequently treated symptoms were: 67.5%, pain due to tumor mass; and 20%, pain due to nerve compression-invasion, bone pain, and dyspnoea due to pulmonary metastases or primary lung cancer: total symptoms was more than a hundred per cent, because a number of patients had more than one symptom. Whenever necessary, adjuvant drugs were employed. Side effects were seen in 37% of the patients (specially nausea, vomiting, constipation, and somnolence for more than four days).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Oral morphine in the treatment of patients with terminal disease]. 213 Feb 44

To evaluate the role of palliative radiotherapy for adrenal metastases, a retrospective review was performed on 16 patients treated between 1972 and 1988 for palliation of symptomatic adrenal metastases. The median patient age was 56 years. In 15 cases lung cancer was the primary site (7 adenocarcinomas, 3 squamous cell carcinomas, 3 large cell carcinomas, and 2 small cell carcinomas) and in 1 case there was an unknown primary (squamous cell carcinoma). Ten of 16 patients were treated with 3000 cGy to opposed anterior and posterior fields (300-cGy fractions [four patients] and 250-cGy fractions [six patients]). The remaining six patients were treated with a variety of techniques, with total doses ranging from 2925 cGy to 4500 cGy. The patients were analyzed for response at their first follow-up visit (2 to 4 weeks after treatment). The overall response rate was 75% (12 of 16 patients). Six patients (38%) had complete pain relief without medication that lasted until death. Two patients had marked pain relief, but still required analgesics. Four patients had marked or moderate pain relief that did not continue through follow-up. Four patients had minimal to no response. All patients were observed until death, with a median survival time after irradiation of 3 months (range, 0.5 to 11 months). Although the prognosis for patients with adrenal metastases is poor, radiotherapy to symptomatic adrenal metastases can be administered with a high probability of achieving effective palliation.
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PMID:Palliative radiotherapy for symptomatic adrenal metastases. 215 51

We examined the quality of life in the arterial infusion chemotherapy of hepatocellular carcinoma patients using a questionnaire. The questionnaire used a category scale method of five grades. The questions about the quality of life covered ten areas for investigation (appetite, discomfort pain, nausea, daily activities, sleep, fatigue, time with family and friends, thinking about illness and confidence in the treatment). We added up scale points after one week and those after two weeks after the treatment. Patients after one-shot infusion showed aggravated scale points of anorexia and discomfort. Patients after transcatheter arterial embolization showed scale points of abdominal pain, general fatigue and discouragement about illness. Scale points in matters of thinking about illness and confidence in the treatment informed us about confidence in the course of treatment and comprehension of illness by cancer patients. How do we measure the quality of our care? This is difficult, but we thought the rate of being at home in survival might furnish us with much information in respect to the treatment and the quality of our care. In 36 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma treated with transcatheter arterial infusion and embolization, the arithmetic mean survival time after treatment was 412.1 days and time at home was 305.6 days. The rate of being at home doing survival time was 74.2% after the arterial infusion chemotherapy in 39 patients. The rate of being at home in 9 cases with one-shot infusion of Adriamycin was 43.5% (111 days); that in 9 cases with infusion of Mitomycin C microcapsules was 86.6% (716 days); that in 17 cases with transcatheter arterial embolization using spongel was 72.0% (234 days),; and that in 4 cases with infusion using implantable reservoir was 84.6% (220 days). In non-resected patients with chemotherapy, the rate of being at home was 20.3% for 61 cases of gastric cancer patients, 30.7% for 11 cases of colon cancer, 9.6% for 14 cases of gallbladder cancer and 39.8% for 112 cases of lung cancer. The arterial infusion and embolization of hepatocellular carcinoma has made it possible to lengthen the time that patients may stay home and thereby assure good quality of life.
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PMID:[Evaluation of quality of life in arterial infusion chemotherapy of hepatocellular carcinoma]. 216 36

A multi-institutional prospective study for the analysis of prognostic factors for patients with osseous metastasis was performed. From February 1986 through June 1988, a total of 216 patients were included in this study. Cox's regression model made it clear that the most significant overall prognostic factor was primary site (p = 0.0002). In the lung cancer group, performance status (p = 0.0036) and metastasis of organs than bone (p = 0.0105) were also significant prognostic factors. In the breast cancer group, no significant factors were obtained. In the hepatoma group, the values for alkaline phosphatase (ALP) (p = 0.0021), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) (p = 0.0195), and sex (p = 0.0264) proved significant. In the group of other cases, the most significant prognostic factor was the value for urinary hydroxyproline/creatinine ratio (p = 0.0001), followed by the pain score of RTOG (p = 0.0018). These factors and actual survival periods obtained in this study will be useful for the future stratification of patients for individualized optimal radiation schedules.
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PMID:Prognostic factors for patients with osseous metastasis: a multi-institutional prospective study. 219 3

Multi-institutional studies on clinical hyperthermia of deep-seated tumours were undertaken using 8 MHz radiofrequency capacitive heating devices (Thermotron RF-8) at seven institutions. Each institute was designated to treat specific organs. This paper contains the accumulations of the results obtained at different institutions charged for different tumours. Deep-seated tumours in the lung, stomach, pancreas, liver, urinary bladder and rectum were treated. A total of 177 cases examined from January 1985 to December 1988 included 96 cases (54%) treated with radiotherapy plus hyperthermia, among which 14 cases were pre-operative. Of 177 cases, 81 (46%) were treated with chemotherapy plus hyperthermia. Complete response (CR) and partial response (PR) were obtained in 80% of the cases with lung cancer, 39% with stomach cancer, 56% with liver cancer, 35% with pancreas cancer, 71% with urinary bladder cancer, 100% with primary rectal cancer, and 47% with recurrent rectal cancer. Thermometry was performed using two techniques; one is direct measurement of intratumour temperature in lung and liver cancers, the other is indirect measurement of intracavitary temperature for stomach, pancreas, urinary bladder and rectal cancers. Intratumour temperatures were measured in 30 of the 43 tumours of the lung and liver. The maximum tumour temperature was greater than 42 degrees C in 23 (77%) of the 30 tumours. Intracavitary temperatures were measured in 133 (99%) of the 134 tumours of stomach, pancreas, urinary bladder and rectum. An intracavitary temperature greater than 42 degrees C was obtained in 98 (73.7%) of the 133 tumours. The contribution of hyperthermia in improving the quality of life of patients under terminal care was also investigated. It was indicated that hyperthermia was one of the most effective treatment techniques for advanced or inoperable cases. In this study local control rate (LCR) was mainly discussed because the period of follow-up was only 3 years. Side-effects were observed in 37 cases (21%); main side-effects were fatty induration, pain during treatment and burn. However, no side-effects were severe enough to interrupt therapy.
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PMID:Multi-institutional clinical studies on hyperthermia combined with radiotherapy or chemotherapy in advanced cancer of deep-seated organs. 220 48

This study encourages the use of percutaneous FNB to diagnose and stage advanced lung cancer in patients with palpable metastases in supraclavicular lymph nodes or soft tissues. Percutaneous FNB of metastases is much easier to learn than transthoracic needle aspiration: the superficial target is anchored and sampled with multiple passes using a short needle grasped directly in the fingers. It is fast, accurate, economical and nearly free of risk and pain. The technique saves time and money because it is the only procedure needed by many patients with palpable disease in stage IIIB and IV. Bronchoscopy, transthoracic needle aspiration and open surgical biopsy thus can be avoided in most patients with palpable metastases. Prompt diagnosis by FNB of metastases speeds palliation for patients with urgent need. Tumor cell type from FNB correlated with cytologic findings from sputum samples, bronchoscopy specimens and autopsy results.
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PMID:Rapid diagnosis of lung cancer from palpable metastases by needle thrust. 224 81

The kinetics of morphine, morphine-6-glucuronide (M6G), and morphine-3-glucuronide (M3G) were studied in a 56-year-old female with lung cancer. Long-term treatment with morphine intrathecally 28 mg every 6 h was used for pain control. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) concentrations of morphine were high with an elimination half-life of 2.1 h. The plasma/CSF ratios for M6G and M3G were 1:0.8 and 4:1, respectively, suggesting that M6G penetrates the blood-brain barrier more easily than M3G. The low CSF concentrations indicate that M6G played hardly any major analgetic role in the patient studied.
Pain 1990 Apr
PMID:Morphine, morphine-6-glucuronide and morphine-3-glucuronide concentrations in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid during long-term high-dose intrathecal morphine administration. 235 61

Fifty-three patients with recurrent and advanced stage (III and IV) non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) were treated with a combination of bleomycin, etoposide (VP-16-213), and cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (BEP). Forty-eight patients were appraisable for response. The response rates were 44% for the entire group, 57% in 30 patients with combined squamous-cell and large-cell carcinoma, and 22% in 18 patients with adenocarcinoma (40%, 50%, and 19%, respectively, if patients not appraisable for response are included as nonresponders). The median survival time of patients with squamous-cell and large-cell carcinoma was slightly longer than that of patients with adenocarcinoma (23 weeks v 19 weeks). Patients with responsive disease survived significantly longer (median, 34 weeks) than did patients with unresponsive disease (median, 16 weeks) (P = .001). In the entire group, the median survival time of patients with an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status of 0 or 1 was better (23 weeks) than of those with a status of 2 or 3 (15 weeks), but this difference was not seen in the subgroup with squamous-cell and large-cell carcinoma (24 weeks v 23 weeks, respectively). Thus, the performance status was not of prognostic value in the histologic subgroups experiencing the best response rate. There were two treatment-related deaths, but otherwise the toxicity of BEP was acceptable. Only four of the 119 treatment cycles were followed by fever even though there was significant neutropenia (0.5 X 10(9)/L) after 20 of 97 treatment cycles. The majority of patients receiving BEP experienced relief of cough, hemoptysis, pain, and fatigue associated with their disease. There was a good correlation between objective responses and palliation of symptoms. Thus, BEP offers good palliation, particularly for patients with squamous-cell and large-cell lung cancer.
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PMID:Combination chemotherapy with bleomycin, etoposide, and cisplatin in metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer. 241 9

A series of 77 patients affected by lung cancer invading the chest wall who underwent surgery is reported. They were selected from 5236 lung cancer patients observed over a 25-year period. Chest pain was the presenting complaint, alone or with other symptoms, in 52 patient (76%). All patients underwent thoracotomy (pneumonectomy 25 cases, bilobectomy 5, lobectomy 23, wedge resection 2, no pulmonary resection 22), with an operative mortality of 7.8%. At thoracotomy, mediastinal lymph node dissection was performed in 36 cases; after surgery, 10 patients were classified as T3 NO MO, 11 as T3 N1 N0, 15 as T3 N2 M0; 19 patients (34.5%) were staged T3 Nx M0 because mediastinal dissection was not performed. "En bloc" resection of the chest wall was performed in 37 patients. The actuarial 5-year survival of 55 patients receiving potentially curative resection was 14%. 5-year survival was 22% for N0, 12% for N1 and 8% for N2 patients. 5-year survival for squamous-cell, large-cell and adenocarcinoma was 22%, 10% and 14% respectively. T3 N0 M0 patients with squamous-cell carcinoma had a 5-year survival of 32%. Pain relief has been obtained in 45% of patients. Resection of pulmonary parenchyma and attached chest wall for lung cancer, yields palliation of pain in a fairly large number of patients and can result in long-term survival in selected cases.
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PMID:Surgery of bronchogenic carcinoma invading the chest wall. 243 52

The record of 73 patients with 153 sites of bone metastases from a lung cancer treated by radiation have been reviewed to evaluate the effectiveness of pain relief. Radiation therapy for bone metastases was found to be very effective. Sufficient symptomatic improvement was achieved in 94% of all patients, while 63% obtained almost complete pain relief that was sustained until death. Onset of a symptomatic response to radiotherapy was within less than 20 Gy in total dose in more than 80% of all patients. There were no significant differences in the frequency of pain relief among the various histological types of primary lung tumors.
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PMID:[Radiation therapy in bone metastases from lung cancer]. 248 Apr 60


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