Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0242379 (lung cancer)
 71,905 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Antineoplaston AS2-1 is a mixture of two products of hydrolysis of Antineoplaston A10 and consists of sodium salts of phenylacetylglutamine and phenylacetic acid in the ratio of 1:4. Antineoplaston AS2-1 injections were administered to 20 patients diagnosed with 21 types of neoplastic diseases. The patients' diagnoses included: lung cancer, stage III, 4 cases; colorectal, stage IV, 3; breast, stage IV, 2; breast in remission, 1; glioblastoma, 3; head and neck, stage IV, 3; uterine cervix, stage IA, 1; chronic myelocytic leukaemia, 2; lymphocytic lymphoma, stage IV, 1; and leiomyosarcoma of the uterus, stage IVB, 1. Antineoplaston AS2-1 was administered every 6 h i.v. through subclavian vein catheter. The treatment was administered from 38 to 872 days. The highest dosage taken was 160 mg/kg/24 h. The treatment was associated with minimal side-effects, including slight nausea and vomiting in one patient, mild allergic reaction in the form of maculopapular rash in another patient and moderate elevation of blood pressure in an additional patient. One patient developed febrile reaction and three patients had mild electrolyte imbalance. Only one patient showed slight decrease of WBC. Desirable side-effects included improved healing of chronic atrophic ulceration. The response to the treatment included 6 complete remissions, 2 partial remissions, 7 cases of stabilization and 6 cases of increasing disease. Three patients are alive, well and free from cancer 5 years after the beginning of the study. The hypothetical mechanism of action of Antineoplaston AS2-1 as an anticancer agent is described.
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PMID:Toxicology studies on antineoplaston AS2-1 injections in cancer patients. 374 78

Survival in patients with locally advanced, non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is relatively short, despite treatment with surgery or radiation. A phase II study of simultaneous continuous infusion 5-fluorouracil and split-course radiation with or without surgery has shown possible improvement in median survival compared with that observed in trials of radiation alone. Past success with etoposide plus cisplatin in NSCLC has led to the addition of etoposide to the 5-fluorouracil plus cisplatin plus radiation combination. Twenty-four stage III NSCLC patients were treated with this three-drug regimen, and a 74% clinical partial remission rate was observed. Thoracotomy was done in eight of these patients; subsequent histologic examination of the resected specimen revealed no residual tumor in four patients (50%) and only microscopic foci of tumor in two patients (25%). Major toxicities were leukopenia, nausea, and vomiting. Median leukocyte nadir was 2,900/mm3. A leukocyte count less than 1,000/mm3 was observed in two of 24 patients (8%), one of whom expired from progressive pneumonia. All patients experienced nausea and vomiting, which were classified as moderate in three patients (12%) and severe in four (16%). Moderate to severe esophagitis, dermatitis, and pneumonitis were not observed. Median progression-free interval and median survival were not reached after a median follow-up of 163 days.
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PMID:Phase II trial of etoposide, cisplatin, continuous infusion 5-fluorouracil, and simultaneous split-course radiation therapy in stage III non-small-cell bronchogenic carcinoma. 376 46

One hundred eighty-six patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer were randomly assigned to treatment with combined 5-fluorouracil, doxorubicin, and mitomycin C (FAM) or combined methotrexate, doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide, and lomustine (MACC). Respective objective regression rates were comparable at 20% and 16%. Distribution of intervals to progression (overall median, 2.8 months) and survival times (overall median, 5.0 months) were essentially identical between the two regimens. The comparability of therapeutic effect was also evident within the subset of 81 patients who had adenocarcinoma cell type, although MACC showed a small advantage in survival after covariate analysis. In large-cell carcinoma, MACC showed a higher regression rate than that of FAM as well as a small advantage in survival. In squamous-cell carcinoma, however, FAM was superior to MACC in regression rates (32% v 4%) and also provided somewhat longer survival. With regard to toxicity, MACC produced a higher incidence of nausea and vomiting, whereas FAM produced more frequent and severe thrombocytopenia. From an overall standpoint, the therapeutic accomplishments of both regimens were disappointing. Our study does, however, provide additional evidence that mitomycin C-containing regimens may be selectively effective for squamous-cell carcinoma of the lung.
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PMID:A controlled evaluation of combined 5-fluorouracil, doxorubicin, and mitomycin C (FAM) for the treatment of advanced non-small-cell lung cancer. 383 63

Forty-one patients (30 males, 11 females; mean age 49.7 years) with diagnosis of the "non-oat cell" type of lung cancer were studied. All patients were included in a randomized treatment design (regimens A and B) and completed six full cycles of polychemotherapy. Only 28 of the 41 patients proved evaluable. The performance status was 0-2 in 20 subjects (71.4%) and 3-4 in 8 (28.6%). The total number of patients achieving partial and complete responses was 20 (71.4%), of whom 14 (70%) received CDDP and the other 6 DDR. A progression of the disease was seen in 8 patients (28.6%), of whom 5 (62.5%) received DDR and the other 3 (37.5%) CDDP. An increase in body weight (3-8 kg) was observed in 15 patients (53.6%). Twenty-four of the 28 patients (85.7%) had a subjective feeling of well-being throughout the 6 cycles of chemotherapy. Nausea and vomiting and alopecia were the most frequent side-effects. The most important complications were paralytic ileus in 2 cases and a darkish manifestation in forearm and hand tissue due to vinblastine extravasation in another 2 cases. Haematological toxicity was found to be acceptable: leucopenia (less than 3.000) in 30 patients (73.2%); and thrombocytopenia (less than 100.000) in 12 patients (29.2%), which proved reversible. Some modalities relative to treatment schemes and the incorporation of additional agents are discussed.
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PMID:Combined polychemotherapy in the treatment of primitive lung cancer of the "non-oat cell" type. 391 82

Thirty-eight pretreated patients with primarily resistant [6] or relapsed [32] small-cell lung cancer were treated with a combination of vindesine (3-4 mg/m2) and cisplatin (60-100 mg/m2). Eight patients responded to this therapy with three (8%) complete and five (13%) partial remissions. Minor responses were noted in 12 (32%) additional patients. Chemotherapeutic response was rare in regions of prior irradiation. In the complete remission group survival from start of vindesine/cisplatin therapy lasted 61, 48 and 38 weeks, respectively. In the "less-than-complete-remission" group median survival was 12 weeks. Nausea and vomiting were the prominent side-effects, while only mild to moderate myelosuppression was noticed in most cases. The vindesine/cisplatin combination showed significant activity in heavily pretreated small-cell lung carcinoma. However, the remission rates remain low in this unfavourable condition, which might be due to pronounced chemotherapeutic resistance in previously irradiated areas.
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PMID:Vindesine/cisplatin chemotherapy in relapsed or primarily resistant small-cell carcinoma of the lung. 609 Jul 62

(1) Therapeutic effects of bronchial artery infusion (BAI) of peplomycin (PEP), a derivative of bleomycin, were examined in the 13 patients with lung cancer. The effectiveness of PEP was compared with that of 59 patients treated with mitomycin (MMC) or carboquon (CQ). (2) In all cases treated with PEP, histopathological effects revealed to be more than grade IIa of Shimosato's criteria, which were more effective than that with MMC or CQ. (3) Histopathological changes of the metastatic lymph nodes were similar to that of the main tumor. (4) In the cases treated with PEP, tumor decreased rates shown in the chest X-ray films 2 weeks after BAI were lower than that with MMC or CQ. Cavity formation in the tumor was recognized in 62% of the cases treated with PEP. (5) Low fever lasting several days after administration of BAI and GI symptoms such as nausea and vomiting were main side effects, which were mild and not so serious.
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PMID:[Effects of pepleomycin (PEP) infused through bronchial artery for lung cancer: in comparison with the cases of mitomycin (MMC) or carboquon (CQ)]. 619 2

Fifty-two patients with metastatic or recurrent non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) were treated, during a phase II trial, with methylglyoxal-bis-(guanylhydrazone) (MGBG). Of the 44 patients who had adequate trials, 4 had partial responses (PR), for an overall 9% PR rate. Response durations ranged from 3 to 5+ months. Prior treatment with chemotherapy may have adversely affected response rate; 15% of previously untreated patients responded, compared to only 4% of previously treated patients. A syndrome of weakness and fatigue was the most serious side effect. Anorexia and weight loss, stomatitis, nausea and vomiting, diarrhea, and peripheral neuropathy were the other toxic effects. We conclude that MGBG has activity in NSCLC, especially in previously untreated patients, and further studies are indicated in that population.
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PMID:Phase II trial of methylglyoxal-bis-(guanylhydrazone) in non-small-cell lung cancer. 627 32

Vindesine is a new vinca alkaloid antineoplastic agent derived from vinblastine. However, its antineoplastic spectrum more closely resembles that of vincristine. Clinical studies indicate activity against acute leukemia, lung cancer, carcinoma of the breast, squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus and head and neck, Hodgkin's disease and non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. Pharmacokinetic studies indicate that vindesine exhibits a triphasic elimination pattern with a terminal half-life of 24.2 hours. Elimination is primarily through hepatic metabolism. The major side effects associated with vindesine therapy are myelosuppression and neurotoxicity. Other side effects include alopecia, nausea and vomiting and local tissue irritation associated with extravasation. Vindesine will be a positive addition to the antineoplastic armamentarium. The full extent of its activity remains to be established.
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PMID:Pharmacology, clinical efficacy and adverse effects of vindesine sulfate, a new vinca alkaloid. 635 81

In the treatment of non-small-cell lung cancer a drug-combination of cis-platinum, vindesine and VP-16 seemed logical because the drugs were non cross-resistant and there would be an additive effectiveness with acceptable toxicity. That was the basis for a phase-II trial started in July 1981 in which 60 patients with untreated non-small-cell lung cancer were entered until November 1982. There were 51 male and 9 female evaluable. The performance status of all patients was over 70%. Over 65% had extensive disease. The most frequent histology was squamous cell carcinoma that we found in 45% of our patients with bronchial carcinomas. Only 14 patients had large cell carcinomas and only 8 patients adenocarcinomas. 40% was the objective remission rate (5% complete remissions and 35% partial remissions). 9 patients (=15%) had a minor response; in 18 patients (=30%) there was no change, 9 patients showed progressive disease. The median survival time of responders is presently 14.9 months, which is significantly higher than the 9.1 months of non-responders. The toxicity of the triple-drug-combination was tolerable. The greatest problem was gastrointestinal toxicity with nausea and vomiting. The hematological toxicity was not as severe as expected. The renal toxicity was not a problem. We did not see drug related deaths.
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PMID:[Cisplatin, vindesine and VP 16-213 in the treatment of inoperable non-small cell bronchial carcinoma. A clinical phase II study]. 639 71

A phase II study of KW 2083 [7-N-(p-Hydroxyphenyl)-Mitomycin C] was carried out in 14 cases of stomach cancer, 5 of lung cancer, 5 of colon cancer and 5 other types of cancer. KW 2083 was intravenously injected at a dose of 40 mg/body weekly in 26 cases. Among 23 evaluable cases, partial response was obtained in 6 cases (26%). The PR cases were 4 of stomach cancer and 2 of lung cancer, the former being all undifferentiated adenocarcinoma. Regarding hematologic toxicities, thrombocytopenia was the most principal toxicity and an important weak point of KW 2083. Thrombocytopenia (less than 75,000/mm3) was observed in 13 cases (50%). Recovery took about 4 weeks, but by that time 3 cases had still not recovered to 75,000/mm3. leukocytopenia (less than 3,000/mm3) was observed in 17 cases (65%). Concerning gastrointestinal symptoms, anorexia occurred in 11 cases (42%), nausea and vomiting in 11 cases (42%), diarrhea in 1 case and stomatitis in 1 case. T1/2 (beta-phase) of KW 2083 was half that of Mitomycin C.
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PMID:[Phase II study of KW 2083 [7-N-(p-hydroxyphenyl)-mitomycin C] in patients with various cancers]. 650 15


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