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Query: UMLS:C0242379 (lung cancer)
 71,905 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Rosette forming cells (RFC) were evaluated in the peripheral blood of healthy persons, patients with lung cancer and chronic bronchitis. Simultaneously the levels of RFC in persons with and without radiation exposure were compared. Two types of rosettes were enumerated: 1) lymphocytes binding 1 or 2 sheep red blood cells (SRBC), 2) lymphocytes binding 3 or more SRBC. Then the sum of both types was calculated. The patients with lung cancer were divided according to the TNM classification and histological types. The relative and absolute numbers of RFC in 1 microliter of peripheral blood proved depressed capacity of peripheral T-lymphocytes to form rosettes not only in patients with cancer or chronic bronchitis but also in controls with radiation exposure. Furthermore, there was established that the control group with radiation exposure was not different from the patients with cancer or chronic bronchitis.
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PMID:E rosettes in the uranium miners with lung cancer. 23 8

From 1963 to 1971, 105 patients with histologically proved cancer of the lung were explored at Memorial Hospital and underwent interstitial implantation using encapsulated sources of radon 222 (53 patients) or iodine 125 (52 patients). These lung cancers were considered unresectable because of extension of the disease into the mediastinum with fixation or invasion of the major vessels, trachea, and esophagus or chest wall involvement. No apical lesions, which have a better prognosis, are included in this review. Sixty-nine patients had epidermoid cancer, 24 had adenocarcinoma, and the remaining 12 had various other histological types. All patients were staged according to the criteria proposed by the American Joint Committee using the TNM definitions (standing for tumor, nodes, and metastasis). Local control was obtained in 8 of 10 patients (80% with clinical Stage I and II unresectable cancers of the lung and in 44 of the 95 (46%) with clinical Stage III lung cancer. The two-year survival was 50% for Stages I and II and 7% for Stage III. Five patients have survived for five years or more. The complications, disease-free interval, local recurrences, distant metastases, and survival are presented and indications for this type of therapy outlined.
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PMID:Interstitial irradiation for unresectable carcinoma of the lung. 119 Aug 85

Twenty-two patients, 40 years old or younger, were surgically treated for lung cancer between 1974 and 1989. The male to female ratio was 1.2:1. Ten patients were symptomatic, with the average duration of symptoms being 3.6 months. There were 13 patients with adenocarcinoma and 9 patients with large cell carcinoma. In terms, of postoperative stages, 5 patients were classified in stage I, 10 in stage IIIa, 5 in stage IIIb, and 2 in stage IV. Complete resection was performed in 14 patients, incomplete resection in 6, and exploratory thoracotomy in 2. The 3-year survival rate after complete resection was 66.2% in young patients, which was not significantly different from the 65.2% 3-year survival rate in older patients. There was no significant difference between the young and older groups according to histological cell type and TNM staging. In cases of incomplete resection or exploratory thoracotomy, 4 of 8 patients had been alive more than 2 years after operation. These results suggest that a long-term survival in the young patients is expected to be almost the same as that in the older patients after either complete resection or incomplete resection.
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PMID:Surgically resected lung cancer in young adults. 130 14

DNA index (DI) was studied with flow cytometry in surgical samples from 35 patients with lung cancer, 10 patients with benign lesions, 10 normal persons. The results showed that DI of lung cancer is significantly higher than that of benign pathological lesion and normal lung (P < 0.001). Aneuploid lung cancer was 88.57%, diploid was 11.43%. The DNA content of benign and normal lung was diploid. In the meantime, A significant positive correlation between the lung cancer DI and histopathological grade and cancer cell type was also observed, but there is not correlation between the TNM staging and lung cancer DI. Our results suggest that the flow cytometric analysis of DNA is useful for clinical pathologic diagnosis of lung cancer.
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PMID:[Flow cytometric analysis of DNA content in lung cancer]. 133 10

The knowledge of prognostic factors such as TNM, performance status, and sex is essential for predicting patient outcome and optimal trial design and analysis. Recent advances in cytogenetics and molecular biology have yielded new prognostic factors such as DNA ploidy, oncogenes and oncogene product. New prognostic factors can predict patient outcome and should be incorporated for the multivariate analysis of prognostic factors. They can provide a guideline for selecting special patient population suitable for adjuvant chemotherapy even in the early stage of lung cancer.
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PMID:[An overview of new prognostic factors in lung cancer]. 134 85

Ninety-four patients with roentgenographically occult bronchogenic squamous cell carcinoma had surgical resection. Fifty-three reported having no symptoms. In 83 carcinoma was detected by cytologic examination of the sputum during lung cancer screening. The carcinomas were located in segmental bronchi (34 cases), subsegmental bronchi (19 cases), divisional bronchi (17 cases), and subsubsegmental or more peripheral bronchi (15 cases). The number of cases classified by TNM staging were 16 Tis N0 M0, 72 T1 N0 M0, 4 T1 N1 M0, and 2 T2 N1 M0. Extrabronchial invasion of the resected carcinoma was observed in 17 lesions (16 cases). Five of six patients with lymph node metastasis in the resected specimens had carcinoma with extrabronchial invasion. Multiple primary lung cancers were observed in nine patients at the time of operation and in seven subsequently. Four of seven patients with subsequent primary lung cancer had surgical resection, and no recurrence was observed after the second operation. There were two deaths from lung cancer: One was caused by subsequent primary lung cancer and the other by mediastinal lymph node metastasis. In the 75 patients with intrabronchial cancer invasion and without lymph node metastasis who had complete resection, there was no local recurrence or metastasis of cancer. The 5-year survivals were 80.4% (death from all causes) and 93.5% (death from lung cancer). Although subsequent primary lung cancer is troublesome, operation is a reliable treatment for occult bronchogenic squamous cell carcinoma.
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PMID:Results of surgical treatment for roentgenographically occult bronchogenic squamous cell carcinoma. 149 3

Since the nuclear accumulation of p53 protein is known to correspond well with mutation of the p53 tumor suppressor gene, the authors examined 88 primary lung cancer specimens immunohistochemically using anti-p53 mouse monoclonal antibody, pAb1801, and analyzed the relationship between the immunohistochemical results and clinicopathological features. Nuclear localization of p53 protein was found in 43/88 (49%) tumor specimens, but not in the corresponding normal lung tissues. The percentage of cases showing nuclear p53 localization varied according to the histological type. In squamous cell carcinoma, nuclear p53 localization was found in 15/26 (57%), appearing more frequently than in other histologic types. However, no obvious correlation was observed between nuclear p53 localization and patients' age, sex, history of smoking, TNM factor, degree of differentiation, or any other clinicopathological features analyzed. In adenocarcinoma, nuclear p53 localization was found in 20/46 (43%). Incidence of positive cases was significantly correlated with regional lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis, and pathological stage (P less than 0.05). These results indicate that mutation of the p53 tumor suppressor gene plays an important role in the development of primary lung cancer, and that nuclear accumulation of p53 protein is a potential prognostic factor in adenocarcinoma of the lung.
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PMID:Clinicopathological significance of nuclear accumulation of tumor suppressor gene p53 product in primary lung cancer. 154 66

The diagnostic accuracy of sputum cytology for the diagnosis of bronchial carcinoma using paraffin-embedded, serially sectioned and hematoxylin and eosin-stained specimens was tested in 4,297 sputum samples from 1,889 patients, 219 of whom had bronchial carcinoma. The diagnostic sensitivity depended mainly on the number of investigated samples and was 85.4% with three sufficient sputa. The sensitivity was not influenced by the histologic types, location or TNM stage of the tumor. The specificity of the method was 99.5%. In three cases localization of sputum cytologically diagnosed bronchial carcinomas was not possible immediately (occult carcinomas, pTx); in two of these cases the bronchial carcinomas were located during follow-up. The third patient died without verification of the cytologic diagnosis. According to our results, sputum cytology on serial sections is a valuable instrument for mass screening of high-risk groups for the early detection of bronchial carcinoma. Lower sensitivities of sputum cytology in mass screening programs for the early diagnosis of lung cancer are discussed critically.
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PMID:Diagnosis of bronchial carcinoma on sections of paraffin-embedded sputum. Sensitivity and specificity of an alternative to routine cytology. 154 11

The paper aims to illustrate the current state of knowledge regarding the prognostic factors of lung cancer. The disappointing results obtained using therapeutic modes (an overall 5-year survival rate of 15%), together with the considerable variability of the natural history of lung cancer, should be attributed to a group of prognostic factors, of varying importance, which can be subdivided into three categories: those concerning the characteristics of cancer, those inherent to the patient's conditions and those related to the type of operation. The paper underlines that histotype, TNM staging, the assessment of the nuclear degree and ploidy class play a correct and real prognostic role, and that only surgical treatment, if indicated, can offer a real life expectancy (40% 5-year survival rate in operated patients).
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PMID:[Prognostic factors in bronchopulmonary neoplasms]. 156 64

Despite its appeal, lung cancer screening has been found to be of little value at this time. However, use of monoclonal antibodies to detect cancer cells in the sputum may prove to be of value in high-risk subjects. Once a cancer is diagnosed, anatomic staging by the International TNM Staging System has shown its effectiveness in directing the appropriate therapeutic interventions and predicting prognosis. Anatomic staging cannot be completely accomplished by computed tomography scans or magnetic resonance imaging of the chest, particularly relative to mediastinal lymph node involvement or to direct mediastinal extension of the tumor. To determine lymph node involvement, preoperative mediastinal exploration is indicated for all potentially operable patients in whom the lymph nodes are 1 cm or greater. Although a small percentage of normal-sized lymph nodes will contain tumor, routine investigation is not believed necessary. Direct mediastinal invasion as suggested by the computed tomography scan is most often indeterminate and thoracotomy is necessary in most instances to determine the resectability of the tumor. Data continue to accumulate showing that routine scanning of asymptomatic patients for the presence of metastatic disease to the brain or skeletal system is not effective.
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PMID:Screening, staging, and diagnostic investigation of non-small cell lung cancer patients. 164 70


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