Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0242379 (lung cancer)
 71,905 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

New material was presented from pending publications arising from the follow-up to 1988 of the Quebec cohort of over 10,000 chrysotile miners and millers born 1891-1920. In reviewing these and previous findings, the following conclusions were drawn; they are supported, insofar as this is possible, by the only other relevant information, that from Balangero, in Northern Italy. There is strong evidence that the risk of lung cancer as a result of exposure to chrysotile at concentrations of less than 15 million particles per cubic foot is vanishingly small. At higher concentrations, the relative risk of lung cancer is elevated, but less so in smokers of 20 or more cigarettes a day than in others. The magnitude of this risk cannot be evaluated with any certainty, but this is unimportant as these higher concentrations (above about 50 f ml-1) are well outside the range of experience nowadays. There is no evidence that the risk of laryngeal cancer or of stomach cancer are adversely affected by exposure to chrysotile. Nor is there evidence of increased risks of other abdominal malignancies or of kidney cancer among chrysotile miners and millers. The risk of mesothelioma in chrysotile miners and millers is very low compared with the risks in populations exposed to amphiboles or to mixtures of fibres including even small proportions of amphiboles.
 ...
PMID:Cancer mortality in chrysotile mining and milling: exposure-response. 797 73

The addition of 5 years of follow-up and over 411,000 person-years of observation to a cohort of 34,081 men and women employed in U.S. furniture and other related industries allowed the investigation of mortality patterns among women and minority races in addition to white men. A significant excess of pleural mesotheliomas occurred among white men (standardized mortality ratio [SMR] = 3.7, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.2-8.7) but could not be linked to a particular type of furniture manufacturing. SMRs for myeloid leukemia and chronic nephritis were elevated among white men employed in the wood furniture industry but were not statistically significant. Males in the black/other race categories in wood furniture plants showed nonsignificant mortality excesses for infectious diseases and cancers of the prostate and colon and rectum. Among white women employed in wood furniture plants, mortality was elevated for cancers of the pancreas and lung during the most recent follow-up period. In metal furniture plants, mortality was raised among men in both race groups for kidney cancer (black/other SMR = 8.0, 95% CI = 1.6-23.2; white SMR = 2.1, 95% CI = 0.4-6.2) and diabetes mellitus (black/other SMR = 2.2, 95% CI = 0.6-5.6; white SMR = 1.8, 95% CI = 0.7-3.9). Stomach cancer mortality was significantly elevated (SMR = 3.3, 95% CI = 1.3-6.8) among white men in metal furniture plants and was of the same magnitude over both the previous and the most recent follow-up periods. Among those working with textiles, SMRs were significantly elevated for leukemia (SMR = 6.1, 95% CI = 1.2-7.8) and cancers of the colon and rectum (SMR = 3.2, 95% CI = 1.3-4.5) for white women. Lung cancer mortality was increased for white men and women in textile operations, but SMRs were not statistically significant. SMRs for a number of other causes of death that were elevated at the end of the earlier follow-up period were not increased during the new follow-up period.
 ...
PMID:Extended mortality follow-up among men and women in a U.S. furniture workers union. 801 Feb 96

In order to select a suitable combination chemotherapy with BOF-A2 from the view of both anti-tumor effect (IR) and decrease of side effect, we studied a combination significance of BOF-A2 with CPT-11 that promised for a new anticancer drug, CDDP or mitomycin C (MMC) that used widely to many cancer patients and interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha) against colon, stomach and renal cancer, respectively, by using xenografted nude mice. The combination therapy of BOF-A2 with CDDP was effective against stomach cancer (H-111) from the cellular change and decreased side effect. The combination therapy of BOF-A2 with MMC showed additive effect against stomach cancer (H-111) from IR and cellular changes. The combination effect of BOF-A2 with IFN-alpha was additive and synergistic against renal cancer (H-12). The combination therapy with CPT-11 was effective (IR > or = to 58%) from antitumor effect, additive from IR and synergistic from cellular change against lung cancer (H-74) and colon cancer (H-110), to which conventional drugs were generally insensitive and spontaneously tolerant. BOF-A2 was expected to be a promising new anti-cancer agent in the future clinical trial.
 ...
PMID:[Combination chemotherapy of BOF-A2, a new 5-FU derivative, with various anticancer agents against human cancer xenografts in nude mice]. 806 Jan 37

We previously reported a strong positive association between vasectomy and the risk of prostatic cancer that arose in multiple comparisons made within data collected from 1976 to 1988 in an ongoing hospital-based surveillance study of many exposures and diseases. We have reassessed this association with data collected in the surveillance study during 1988-1992 from a new set of patients (355 cases of prostatic cancer and 2,048 controls with nonmalignant conditions). Because some studies have reported increased relative risks of lung cancer and testicular cancer in vasectomized men, we also used the surveillance database (4,126 men with various cancers, 7,027 men with nonmalignant conditions) to assess the relation of vasectomy to the risk of these and other cancers. In the newly collected data, the multivariate relative risk estimate for prostatic cancer in vasectomized men was 1.2 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.6-2.7). For lung cancer and testicular cancer, the relative risk estimates were 1.3 (95% CI 0.8-2.1) and 0.8 (95% CI 0.4-1.9), respectively; for lung cancer occurring > or = 15 years after vasectomy, the relative risk estimate was 1.9 but it was not statistically significant (95% CI 0.7-5.0). For pancreatic cancer, the relative risk estimate was 1.8 (95% CI 1.0-3.1). For each of the other cancers considered--malignant melanoma, large bowel cancer, bladder cancer, kidney cancer, lymphoma, leukemia, and other cancers--the relative risk estimate was 1.3 or less and compatible with a value of 1.0. The present data provide little support for an association of vasectomy with the risk of prostatic cancer or other cancers. In addition, the data from two sets of cases of prostatic cancer and controls interviewed consecutively illustrate that increased relative risks detected in screening for statistically significant associations may tend to have an upward bias and to be lower in subsequent data.
 ...
PMID:The relation of vasectomy to the risk of cancer. 806 35

Exposure to radon in uranium and other mines is a well recognised risk factor for lung cancer. There is also increasing evidence of a risk of lung cancer from indoor radon. An excess of stomach cancer has been observed in some mining populations but the role of radon is unclear. A few correlation studies and a case-control study have indicated that exposure to indoor radon could be of some importance as a cause of other tumours, especially acute myeloid leukaemia, melanoma and kidney cancer. Also prostate cancer and some other cancer types have correlated with estimated radon exposure but the relatively few studies are not quite consistent with each other. Nevertheless, the various observations of extra-pulmonary tumours associated with radon exposure may warrant further studies, especially with regard to childhood exposure and cancers.
 ...
PMID:Radon as a risk factor for extra-pulmonary tumours. 816 53

The incidence of a subsequent primary cancer was investigated among 10,014 patients with cancer of the urinary bladder diagnosed in 1953-1989 in Finland. During the follow-up period of 1953-1989, 652 new metachronous cancers were diagnosed. The number equals the expected number based on the national incidence figures. There were 195 second cancers of the lung. The standardised incidence ratio (SIR) for lung cancer was 1.3 among males [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.1-1.4] and 2.6 among females (95% CI 1.4-4.5). An increased SIR for larynx cancer in males (SIR = 1.7, 95% CI 0.91-2.8) and for kidney cancer in females (SIR = 3.6, 95% CI 1.8-6.2) was observed. The risk of a second cancer was greater among patients less than 60 years of age at the time of first diagnosis than among older patients. No consistent differences were observed in the risk of new cancer between bladder cancer patients treated with or without radiotherapy.
 ...
PMID:Subsequent primary cancers following bladder cancer. 820 49

This study reports the cancer incidence among 6910 individuals in Denmark discharged from hospital over the period 1977-1987 with a diagnosis of psoriasis. Patients were identified in the National Hospital Discharge Register and information on cases of cancer was obtained through the files of the Danish Cancer Registry. A 2,5-fold increased risk was observed for nonmelanoma skin cancer in men and women, with no preponderance of any specific histologic subtype of cancer. The incidence of non-cutaneous cancers at all sites combined was significantly increased in the study group, owing mainly to excesses of lung cancer in men (relative risk (RR) = 1.4) and women (RR = 1.6), of cancer of the larynx and pharynx in men (RR = 2.8 and 3.9), and of colon and kidney cancer in women (RR = 1.6 and 2.3). The effect of cigarette smoking on the risk for non-cutaneous cancer could not be assessed in this study; however, antipsoriatic treatment such as ionizing radiation and oral arsenicals must be considered as a possible cause, particularly in relation to colon cancer which has been observed in excess in two other studies of psoriatic patients, but also in relation to kidney and lung cancer.
 ...
PMID:[Psoriasis and cancer]. 821 83

Among the patients who were examined with bone scintigraphy between April 1985 and March 1991, there were 27 patients whose initial clinical manifestation was bone metastasis and who were surveyed for the primary tumor site. The primary tumor site could be identified in 20 patients (74%), consisting of 9 patients with lung cancer, 3 with prostate cancer, 3 with hepatoma, 2 with renal cancer, and one each with thyroid cancer, adrenal cancer, and pleural malignant mesothelioma. In 17 of the 20 patients, the primary site had been detected within two months after presentation. Examinations which were helpful in identifying the primary site included chest radiography, sputum cytology, abdominal sonography, serum prostatic acid phosphatase level and pathologic examination of biopsy specimens. 99mTc-PMT scintigraphy was useful in the diagnosis of the hepatoma when accumulation was observed at the metastatic sites. In 2 patients, lung cancer had been recognized using follow-up chest radiography 3 and 6 months after presentation, respectively. One patient was diagnosed at autopsy as having adrenal cancer. In 7 patients the primary site remains unknown. Histology examination of the biopsy specimen performed in 6 of these patients revealed 4 to be adenocarcinoma and 2 undifferentiated carcinoma. The average survival period of the 17 patients who died was 9.5 months. Four patients are alive, and the outcome in the remaining 6 could not be determined.
 ...
PMID:[Survey for primary tumor site in patients with initial clinical presentation of bone metastasis]. 823 Aug 25

Fever is frequently a symptom in patients suffering from cancer and in most cases it is related to infections or complications of the treatment. Some cancers can also be the direct cause of fever. A total of 28 episodes of fever in 8 patients with cancer were studied. The diagnoses were: 3 patients with lung cancer, 1 patient with chronic myelogenous leukemia, 1 patient with kidney cancer, 2 patients with non-Hodgkin lymphoma, and 1 patient with Hodgkin's disease. Were included cancer diagnosed patients of any age and sex, with three or more episodes of fever of more than 37.5 C (with a case of 38.5 C or more) after having eliminated any infectious etiology or fever caused by drugs. Were not excluded any patients who had received whole blood or blood derivative transfusions, chemotherapy or antibiotic treatment up to 48 hs before the fever peak. The patients were given intramuscularly 500 mg of aspirin or 50 mg of indomethacin. The first response in the temperature curve was evaluated while checking the axillary temperature six hours after drug administration and 48 hs later if the fever persisted. The patients who were given aspirin at first, were then given indomethacin and vice versa, using the same criteria to evaluate the response. In patients treated with indomethacin the temperature diminished quickly and completely (Fig. 1), unlike the effect achieved with the use of aspirin (Fig. 2). All patients treated with indomethacin also showed a remarkable clinical improvement which was not observed when aspirin was used.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:[Antipyretic effect of indomethacin vs aspirin in fever of tumor origin]. 824 28

Cancer incidence in the Dalgety Bay area of Fife, Scotland, was examined following the detection of radium-226 particles by routine radiation monitoring. The study was confounded by rapid population growth, demographic change and the relatively high socioeconomic status of the Dalgety Bay population. Health Board Primary Care Division records were used to calculate population estimates and Carstairs deprivation score was used to adjust for socioeconomic characteristics. In the period 1975-90, 211 residents were registered as having cancer compared with 214.21 expected from Scottish national rates. Of specific cancers possibly associated with radiation, the incidence of stomach, liver, lung, bone, prostate, bladder and kidney cancer and lymphoma were lower than expected while colon, rectum, pancreas, skin, breast and thyroid cancer and multiple myeloma and leukaemia were higher. There were three cases of childhood leukaemia compared with 1.22 expected. The only statistically significant differences observed were for pancreas (11 cases, O/E 2.28), lung (25 cases, O/E 0.65) and non-melanoma skin (36 cases, O/E 1.50). Stomach cancer was of borderline statistical significance (four cases, O/E 0.40). Adjustments for socioeconomic factors accounted for the apparently low incidence of stomach and lung cancer and, to a lesser extent, skin cancer, which remained of borderline statistical significance. Results in relation to pancreas cancer were unchanged. The observations of raised incidence of pancreas and skin cancer arose in the context of a survey of 17 cancer sites, from which the finding of two or more statistically significant results is not unusual (P = 0.21), and the numbers of cases involved were small. The epidemiological evidence for an association between radiation exposure and pancreas cancer risk is weak. Stronger evidence exists for an association with skin cancer. In the present study the anatomical distribution of the 36 cases was similar to that found elsewhere in Scotland.
 ...
PMID:Cancer incidence in a population potentially exposed to radium-226 at Dalgety Bay, Scotland. 828 96


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>