Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0242379 (lung cancer)
 71,905 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Type 2 herpes simplex virus belongs to the herpes virus group, members of which have been shown to cause cancer in animals -- kidney cancer in frogs, lymphoid cancer in chickens and rabbits, and lung cancer in sheep. A herpes virus causes Burkett's lymphoma in humans; another causes nasopharyngeal cancer in humans. Herpes simplex viruses are common in humans in cervical and vaginal sores in women and in the genital tract in men (an estimated 15% of men older than 15). It is transmitted venereally. Type 2 herpes simplex virus has been epidemiologically associated with cervical cancer. It has been found in prostate cancer cells. In a hybridization experiment with DNA from cervical cancer cells, DNA from type 2 herpes simplex virus was found, but 60% of the viral DNA molecule was missing. In the chicken lymphoid cancer caused by a herpes virus, live virus vaccine eradicated the disease. This suggests that, if type 2 herpes simplex virus is found to cause cervical cancer, a vaccination cure can be developed.
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PMID:Herpes viruses and cancer. 435 88

Selective deposition of lipiodol in primary and metastatic liver cancer, lung cancer, gallbladder cancer, pancreatic cancer and renal cancer was elucidated by plain X-ray film and CT. Selective delivery of anticancer agent, SMANCS was also proved by measurement of its biological activities of removed specimen. Because of these selective delivery of anticancer agent and embolization of neovasculature in the tumor, highly effective chemotherapy of unresectable cancer was established. Drug was given via celiac, the hepatic, bronchial or renal artery mostly 1-5 mg in 1-5 ml of lipiodol once every 3-8 weeks. Antitumor effects of this therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma was confirmed based on decrease in AFP levels (92% of the cases), reduction in tumor size (90% of the cases) and histology. In 76 percent of the patients with the other malignant solid tumors reduction in tumor size was recognized. Decrease in CEA level occurred in 88 percent of the cases with metastatic liver cancer and lung cancer. Major side effect was transient fever in about 50% of cases. Mitomycin C and aclarubicin dissolved in lipiodol showed remarkable antitumor effects for experimental liver cancer.
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PMID:[Arterial administration of SMANCS and other antitumor agents dissolved in lipiodol for various malignant solid tumors]. 609 18

Clinical efficacy of new fluorouridine derivative, FF-705, was studied in 108 patients with advanced malignant tumors. Partial responses were observed in 8 of 61 evaluable cases (13.1%): 4 of 9 patients with breast cancer, 1 of 19 patients with gastric cancer, 1 of 15 patients with lung cancer, 1 of 3 patients with kidney cancer and 1 of 1 patient with pancreas cancer. In the analysis of adverse effects of FF-705, gastrointestinal toxicity was major toxicity. Especially, diarrhea was observed in 41 of 108 patients (38.0%) within a total dose of 10 g shortly after drug administration.
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PMID:[Phase II study of FF-705 by Clinical Cooperative Study Group]. 623 55

Fibrinolysis-inhibitory activity was estimated in the lysates of 21 lines of cultured human cancer cells, from which plasminogen activator activity had veen effectively eliminated by affinity chromatography. Inhibitory activity against urokinase varied from one line to another. Three lines of lung cancer and 1 line of urinary bladder cancer showed high inhibitory activity against urokinase. Two lines of lung cancer, 3 lines of gastric cancer, 1 line of renal cancer and 1 line of renal pelvic cancer showed moderate inhibitory activity. Since inhibitory activity against plasmin was not apparent in all the cell lines tested, this activity seemed to be directed selectively towards urokinase. No inhibitory activity against urokinase was detected in 4 lines of lung cancer, 5 lines of gastric cancer and 1 line of renal cancer. There was no specific correlation between the degree of inhibitory activity against urokinase and the histological cell types of the original tumors of the cultured cell lines.
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PMID:Fibrinolysis-inhibitory activity of cultured human cancer cell lines. 645 67

Vinzolidine (VZL), a semisynthetic vinblastine (VLB) derivative, was tested against a variety of solid tumors in the human tumor clonogenic assay (HTCA). The emphasis was on continuous drug exposure because of the schedule-dependency of the vincas and long half-life of VZL. Of tumor types with more than ten samples tested, the percentage of cases exhibiting inhibition (50% or less of control) of tumor colony forming units (TCFU) was as follows: melanoma (48%), lung cancer (48%), breast cancer (40%), renal cancer (33%), and ovarian cancer (24%). In tumor types tested less frequently, inhibition of TCFU after continuous or one hour drug exposure was observed in 2/7 colon cancers, 1/3 pancreatic cancers and 3/4 gastric cancers. Paired analysis of tumors tested to both VZL and VLB demonstrated no significant difference in overall activity of these two vinca alkaloids. VZL appears to be a promising drug for clinical trials, with in vitro activity in melanoma, lung and breast cancers. More interesting is the suggestion of activity in gastrointestinal tumors, especially colon cancer which is generally resistant to drugs in the HTCA and in vivo.
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PMID:Antitumor activity of vinzolidine in the human tumor clonogenic assay and comparison with vinblastine. 646 98

The mortality experience of 440 laundry and dry cleaning workers for the period 1975-81 was analyzed, using Oklahoma death certificate data. Results did not show an overall increase in total cancer, but an elevated risk was found for homicide, lung cancer, and kidney cancer. A decrease in risk was noted for ischemic heart disease and for breast cancer.
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PMID:Mortality among laundry and dry cleaning workers in Oklahoma. 649 25

An historical prospective mortality study of INCO's Ontario work-force has been conducted. A cohort of approximately 54 000 men, employed in all aspects of the extraction and refining of copper and nickel from the Sudbury ore deposit, have been followed for mortality between 1950 and 1976. A total of 5 283 deaths were identified by computerized record-linkage to the Canadian Mortality Data Base of death certificates. The analysis focuses on mortality from cancer of the nasal sinuses, larynx, lung, and kidney. Little evidence was found for increased mortality from laryngeal or kidney cancer, but lung and nasal cancer deaths were clearly elevated in men exposed to the two Sudbury area sinter plants and at Port Colborne in the leaching, calcining, and sintering department. The standardized mortality ratio (SMR) for lung cancer increases linearly with increasing duration of exposure and there is no evidence of a threshold. The nasal cancer mortality rate also rises linearly with duration of exposure. While lung cancer has a greater excess in the Sudbury sinter plant than at Port Colborne, the reverse is true for mortality from nasal cancer, which is ten times more frequent at Port Colborne than at Sudbury.
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PMID:Cancer mortality associated with the high-temperature oxidation of nickel subsulfide. 653 83

4'-Epi-doxorubicin (4'-epi-DX) is a new doxorubicin derivative that in phase II human studies has been demonstrated to be less toxic than doxorubicin. Sixty-four patients with advanced solid tumors were treated with the drug combination of 4'-epi-DX and cis-dichlorodiammineplatinum (CDDP) at the doses of 40-60 and 50 mg/m2, respectively, every 21-28 days. Out of 52 evaluable patients, complete remission (CR) was recorded in 5, partial remission (PR) in 12, minor remission (MR) in 7, no change (NC) in 16 and progression (P) in 12. The median duration of remission in patients who achieved a CR and PR was 9+ months. In particular, out of 19 patients with ovarian cancer, 2 CR (second look) and 7 PR have been documented. One CR and 3 PR also have been observed in 21 patients with lung carcinoma. Complete and partial responses also have been documented in breast cancer (1 CR/1), in bladder carcinoma (1 CR/2), in renal cancer (1 PR/5) and in testicular cancer (1 PR/1). Hematologic toxicity was generally mild to moderate (leukopenia less than or equal to 1500 cells/mm3 in 3% of the patients; thrombocytopenia less than or equal to 120,000 cells/mm3 in 2% of the patients). Vomiting was present in almost all patients while alopecia has been recorded in 63% of the patients. No case of cardiac toxicity had been observed up to now (median cumulative dose of 4'-epi-DX:240 mg/m2, range 40-650 mg/m2). The combination of 4'-epi-DX with CDDP appears to be an active and well-tolerated regimen in ovarian cancer and lung cancer.
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PMID:A phase II study of 4'-epi-doxorubicin plus cis-platinum in advanced solid tumors. 658 74

Metastases of malignant tumor to the kidney are observed rather frequently at autopsy, but rarely found in living patients. Two cases of metastatic renal tumor were found at our clinic. One was a 35-year-old male with esophageal tumor. Five months after on operation for the esophageal tumor, he had asymptomatic macroscopic hematuria and had urological examinations at our clinic. X-ray and ultrasonographic examinations suggested a metastatic tumor in the left kidney. Left nephrectomy was performed. Pathohistological examination revealed a metastatic esophageal tumor in the kidney. Five months after the nephrectomy, right lumbago and macroscopic hematuria appeared. Metastatic right renal tumor was diagnosed with X-ray and ultrasonographic examination. Chemotherapy was conducted, but he died three months later. The other case was a 69-year-old male with left lung cancer (squamous cell carcinoma) who had left partial pneumonectomy . In the second year after the operation, he developed asymptomatic hematuria. After X-ray examinations and 67G -citrate scanning, a metastasis to the right kidney was diagnosed. No special treatment for the metastasis was given to the patient because of his failing condition. He died four months later. Metastatic renal tumors present a worse prognosis than primary renal cancer. This seems to be because the former progresses rapidly after its discovery. When a patient with a previous history of malignant tumors in any organ develops hematuria or lumbago, detailed examinations of the kidney should be performed.
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PMID:[Metastatic renal tumor]. 667 3

Clonogenic tumor cells from fresh biopsies of human cancers were cultivated in vitro and tested for sensitivity by continuous exposure to pharmacologically achievable concentrations of either of two highly purified human leukocyte interferon subtypes (IFN-alpha A and IFN-alpha D) prepared by recombinant DNA methods. The interferons were compared on a weight basis at concentrations of 0.4 and 4.0 ng/ml (equivalent to 80 and 800 units of interferon activity for IFN-alpha A and 2.0 and 20 units for IFN-alpha D). Inhibition of tumor colony-forming units (50% of control or less) was observed in 38.1% of the 273 tumors tested against IFN-alpha A, and in 16% of the 71 tumors tested against IFN-alpha D. Of the tumor types with at least ten samples tested against IFN-alpha A, the percentage of cases exhibiting inhibition was as follows: melanoma (51.7%), lung cancer (50%), myeloma (33.4%), ovarian cancer (33.9%), sarcoma (33.3%), adenocarcinoma of unknown primary (30.4%), breast cancer (28%), acute leukemia (30.8%), and renal cancer (23%). More marked inhibition (30% of control or less) was observed in 18.7% of all tumors tested against IFN-alpha A. Of 60 melanomas tested, 18 (30%) exhibited marked in vitro inhibition of growth with IFN-alpha A. Although a smaller number of tumors (71) were tested against IFN-alpha D on a weight basis, it appeared, in general, to be slightly less active than IFN-alpha A (p less than 0.01), and only 8% of tumors tested exhibited marked inhibition over the same dosage range of interferon. Comparison of the dose-response curves for the 68 tumors tested simultaneously against both interferons did not reveal marked interpatient differences in the inhibition curves, although IFN-alpha D was slightly less active overall. Tumors exhibiting at least 50% inhibition of tumor colony formation also proved to be sensitive to a significantly larger number of cytotoxic drugs (tested simultaneously) than the tumors not inhibited with interferon (p less than 0.0001 for IFN-alpha A). We conclude that the in vitro clonogenic assay may aid in targeting tumor types most likely to exhibit interferon sensitivity and assist in case selection for entry into clinical trials with cloned interferons.
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PMID:Effects of cloned human leukocyte interferons in the human tumor stem cell assay. 668 47


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