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Query: UMLS:C0242379 (lung cancer)
 71,905 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In this prospective study, the association between hematocrit values measured in 1965-68 and subsequent cancer incidence was studied among 7737 Japanese-American men in Hawaii. With an increase in hematocrit levels, there was an increasing risk for lung cancer, especially squamous or small cell type, and for kidney cancer. However, a statistically significant trend remained only for kidney cancer after adjusting for smoking history. The relative risk for kidney cancer was 4.94 (95% confidence interval, 1.03-23.63) for subjects with hematocrit values of 47 or higher compared with those with hematocrit values of 43 or lower. In contrast, the risk of oral-pharyngeal cancer decreased with increasing hematocrit levels. With adjustment for cigarette smoking and alcohol intake, the relative risk for oral-pharyngeal cancer was 0.20 (95% confidence interval, 0.04-0.88) for subjects with hematocrit values of 47 or higher compared with those with hematocrit values of 43 or lower. The association with kidney or oral-pharyngeal cancer was not affected by the time interval between examination and diagnosis of these cancers (< or = 10 and > 10 years). Erythropoietin production by kidney tumors and micronutrient deficiencies in oral-pharyngeal cancer cases may partially account for these results.
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PMID:Prediagnostic hematocrit values and subsequent cancer risk. 184 70

A long survival case of small cell lung cancer synchronized with renal cancer was reported. The patient was a 73-year-old male, complaining of cough and fever up. The chest roentgenogram showed a tumor mass in the right lower lung field. The specimen obtained from transbronchial lung biopsy of right S8b was diagnosed as small cell carcinoma of lung. In the check of the metastasis to other organs, abdominal CT scanning and the echogram demonstrated a solitary mass in the left kidney. We supposed a possibility of primary renal cancer rather than the metastasis from the lung because of being solitary mass, no existence of the metastasis except the kidney, and from the finding of the renal angiography. The patient underwent left nephrectomy for the renal cancer, and also underwent right lower lobectomy for the lung cancer after neo-adjuvant chemotherapy using cisplatinum and carboquone. Pathologically, the renal lesion was diagnosed as typical clear cell carcinoma of the kidney. He has survived for more than 4 years.
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PMID:[A long survival case of small cell lung cancer synchronized with renal cancer]. 185 Apr 90

Clinical efficacy of lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cell adoptive immunotherapy (AIT) in combination with plasma exchange and interleukin (IL-2) was investigated in 24 patients with advanced cancer. Partial response (PR) was found in 4 patients (20%), including 1 primary liver tumor, 1 metastatic lung tumor from renal cancer and 2 malignant pleural effusions from gastric and lung cancer. Based on these results new AIT in combination with plasma exchange, OK-432, IL-2 and cyclophosphamide was designed to target liver and lung tumors, in which LAK cells and other drugs were administered through the catheter located in the feeding artery of the tumor. Out of ten patients treated, 1 (10%) with metastatic liver tumor from gallbladder cancer was evaluated as PR. It is suggested that a strategy to enhance tumor accumulation and recognition of LAK cells should be attempted for development of gastrointestinal cancer therapy with AIT.
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PMID:[LAK cell adoptive immunotherapy and its problems]. 194 94

Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) have been grown from a variety of human tumors. TILs from some patients with melanoma demonstrate lytic activity specific for autologous tumor, and can mediate tumor regression when adoptively transferred to select cancer patients. In this study, we have compared the in vitro properties of lymphocytes from peripheral blood (PBLs), from draining lymph nodes (DLNs), and from tumors (TILs) grown simultaneously from 10 patients: 2 with melanoma, 4 with breast cancer, 1 with gastric cancer, 1 with renal cancer, 1 with sarcoma and 1 with lung cancer. PBLs, TILs, and DLNs were cultured in RPMI 1640 + 10% human AB serum, 20% LAK cell culture supernatant, and 1,000 u/ml of recombinant interleukin-2. Half of each culture was restimulated with irradiated autologous tumor every 14 days. In all groups, tumor feeding enhanced lymphocyte proliferation, although TILs and DLNs consistently proliferated longer and more rapidly than PBLs. Eight of 10 early cultures of TILs and DLNs contained greater or equal proportions of CD8+ cells compared with CD4+ cells, but in long-term cultures an inversion of that ratio was seen (CD4+ greater than CD8+). In short-term chromium release assays, specific lysis of autologous tumor was seen in tumor-fed TILs and DLNs from one patient with melanoma, DLNs from one patient with breast cancer, and TILs from one patient with lung cancer. Other cultures had nonspecific lytic activity. Specific cytotoxicity against autologous tumor sometimes became apparent only after prolonged culture and repeated restimulation with autologous tumor. DLNs have in vitro properties similar to TILs and may be a useful immune reagent for cancer therapy.
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PMID:Comparative studies of the long-term growth of lymphocytes from tumor infiltrates, tumor-draining lymph nodes, and peripheral blood by repeated in vitro stimulation with autologous tumor. 239 7

A population-based case-referent study provided information on the associations between several types of cancer and 10 types of exhaust and combustion products. All site-exposure combinations were investigated. An increased lung cancer risk, in particular squamous-cell cancers, due to exposure to gasoline and diesel exhausts was found. Among the associations that have not been subject to previous attention, the most promising leads for further investigation are the possible relations between gasoline and diesel exhaust and colorectal cancers, gasoline exhaust and kidney cancer, coal combustion products and pancreatic cancer (and possibly nonadenocarcinoma lung cancer), combustion products of heating oil and prostatic cancer, and natural-gas combustion products and bladder cancer.
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PMID:Associations between several sites of cancer and ten types of exhaust and combustion products. Results from a case-referent study in Montreal. 245 36

In November 1985, the New York State Department of Health was altered to extraordinary concentrations of asbestos leachate in the drinking water in the Town of Woodstock. Concentrations of 3.2 million fibers per liter (MFL) to 304.5 MFL were found, depending on location. An investigation of cancer incidence in the area was conducted for the period 1973-83 using the State Cancer Registry to compute standardized incidence ratios. No evidence was found of elevated cancer incidence at sites associated with asbestos exposure. A statistically non-significant excess of kidney cancer was seen among men, but not women. Colon cancer among men was significantly low, but incidence among women was similar to that expected. Lung cancer incidence was lower than expected for both sexes. Ovarian cancer rates were not different from expected rates. At sites not previously related to asbestos exposure, cancer of the oral cavity was significantly high, with most affected persons having a history of cigarette smoking. Surveillance of the community is continuing because of an insufficient latent period for some exposed groups.
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PMID:Cancer incidence following exposure to drinking water with asbestos leachate. 249 74

We examined Southern blot analyses of normal and tumor DNAs from 50 patients with sporadic renal cancer, using the human L-myc oncogene fragment as a hybridization probe. Our purpose was to study the relationship between the restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) of the L-myc and the frequencies of metastases. There was no individual difference in patterns of L-myc RFLP between normal and tumor-tissue DNAs digested with EcoRI. The patients were classified into 3 genetic types according to the polymorphic patterns defined by the 2 alleles [10-kilobase (kb) and 6.6-kb fragments]. The relative ratios of the 3 genotypes in the renal cancer patients were similar to those seen in healthy Japanese. However, of 16 patients who exhibited distant organ metastases at the time of surgery, only one was a 10-kb fragment homozygote. The incidence of distant metastases in 10-kb homozygotes was significantly lower than that in 6.6-kb homozygotes plus heterozygotes (p = 0.06). These results basically correspond to the previous findings in the lung cancer patients, and suggest that L-myc RFLP is a widely applicable genetic marker to predict prognosis in cancer patients.
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PMID:Restriction fragment length polymorphism of the L-myc gene and susceptibility to metastasis in renal cancer patients. 256 78

This paper describes observed and expected mortality from cancers of the lung, larynx, nose, and kidney in a cohort of 54,509 nickel workers followed for 35 years. For analysis purposes the cohort was subdivided into men with and without service in one of the three high nickel dust areas of the operation: the Sinter Plants at Copper Cliff and Coniston, and the Leaching, Calcining and Sintering (LC&S) department at Port Colborne. At Copper Cliff Sinter Plant workers experienced three times the expected number of lung cancer deaths; the SMR rose steeply with increasing duration of service peaking at 943 with 10 to 15 years. A similar overall excess risk of lung cancer was seen in the smaller Coniston Sinter Plant again with an indication of an exposure risk gradient. Men in the LC&S department at Port Colborne also experienced a dose related excess risk of lung cancer death that rose to an SMR of 806 with 20 to 25 years of service. Nasal cancer deaths were increased at both the Copper Cliff Sinter Plant (6 deaths) and the LC&S department at Port Colborne (19 deaths), representing SMRs of 3,704 and 7,755, respectively, for this rare cancer. Laryngeal cancer and kidney cancer, both previously associated with nickel, were not in excess in these high risk groups. A further exploration of death from these causes in the lower exposure remainder of the cohort revealed an epidemiologically modest elevation in lung cancer death in miners (probably not nickel related) and parts of the Copper Refinery. No evidence of laryngeal cancer excess was found.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:A study of mortality in workers engaged in the mining, smelting, and refining of nickel. II: Mortality from cancer of the respiratory tract and kidney. 262 65

rTNF was administered to 28 patients with advanced metastatic cancers by continuous intravenous infusion for 5 consecutive days every 2 weeks. The dose levels were 30, 40, 70, 110, 180 and 290 micrograms/M2/day. Groups of 3 patients were started at each successive dose level and then on subsequent courses treated with the next dose level through 4 escalations as tolerated. Tumor types were: colon cancer 14; adenocarcinoma of unknown primary, 2; renal cancer, 2; leiomyosarcoma, 2; lung cancer, 1; prostate cancer, 1; thymona, 1; bladder cancer; 1; parotid, 1; Kaposi's sarcoma 2; ovarian 1. Toxicities included fever and chills (usually within the first 8 hours of infusion), fatigue, headache, decreased performance status, hypotension and CNS. All patients experienced leukopenia and thrombocytopenia within 24 hours or less after start of infusion with return of baseline by 72 hours after rTNF was stopped. The fall in these counts averaged 50% and was not dose related. No major changes in liver or renal function, coagulation or blood lipids were seen. Major dose limiting toxicities were fatigue, confusion, thrombocytopenia, seizures, hypotension and decreased performance status. NK cell activity measured against K562 target cells was augmented from about 30% target cell lysis to about 70% target cell lysis over the first 7 days of treatment. Two patients, both with metastatic colon cancer showed transient, objective tumor regression which did not qualify as a partial response. One patient with ovarian cancer had a stable partial response but progressed after 13 courses of treatment. Continuous infusion of TNF can be safely administered to patients with a maximum tolerated dose of only between 30 and 40 micrograms/M2/day.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:A phase I trial of recombinant tumor necrosis factor (rTNF) administered by continuous intravenous infusion in patients with disseminated malignancy. 264 24

The role of asbestos in the etiology of lung cancer and of mesothelioma of the pleura and peritoneum has been well documented. The evidence for a causal association between asbestos and other human cancers is not as extensive but suggests that asbestos may be carcinogenic at several different sites. This paper is concerned specifically with a possible causal association between asbestos and human kidney cancer. A review of the evidence to date indicates that only three human studies have sufficient statistical power to detect an excess mortality from kidney cancer among workers exposed to asbestos. All three were occupational cohort studies, and two of these gave strong direct evidence for such an excess; a study of U.S. insulators (kidney cancer SMR = 2.22, 90% CI 1.44-3.30), and a study of U.S. asbestos products company workers (kidney cancer SMR = 2.76, 90% CI 1.29-5.18). The third study, of Italian shipyard workers, reported excess mortality from "cancers of the kidney, urinary bladder, and other urinary organs" (SMR = 1.98, 90% CI 1.42-2.70). Further support for a causal association includes studies finding asbestos fibers in human kidneys and urine, as well as reports of kidney tumors in two animal bioassays. It is concluded that asbestos should be regarded as a probable cause of human kidney cancer.
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PMID:Asbestos and kidney cancer: the evidence supports a causal association. 267 1


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