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Query: UMLS:C0242379 (lung cancer)
 71,905 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We analyzed the results of surgical treatment of 50 patients with brain metastases from non-small-cell lung cancer who underwent craniotomy between the years 1978 through 1983. The onset of brain metastases was synchronous in 14 patients, occurred within 1 year of treatment of the primary tumor in 21 patients, and after 1 year in 15 patients. A total of 28 patients had undergone curative resection of the lung tumor; 15 patients had undergone palliative resection with or without radioactive implants, and 7 patients did not undergo surgical treatment of their primary tumor. At time of craniotomy, 31 patients were considered to have disease limited to the central nervous system. Following surgery, 34 patients received radiation therapy (30 whole brain radiation, 4 focal radiation); 15 patients had previously undergone whole brain radiation ("radiation failures"), and there was 1 postoperative death. The overall median survival in this series was 18 months. Favorable prognostic variables included (a) curative resection of the primary tumor (median 28 months), (b) disease limited to the central nervous system (median 24 months), and (c) negative mediastinal nodes at time of thoracotomy (median 28 months). The incidence of local recurrence of intracranial tumor at the original site was higher in those patients who had failed previous radiation (53%) compared to those who received postoperative radiation (12%). Although the overall degree of neurological palliation was 75%, patients who had failed radiation were less successfully palliated, and the majority continued to require steroid therapy following tumor resection. These results suggest that patients with single brain metastases from non-small-cell lung cancer who have undergone curative resection of their primary tumor have considerable potential for long-term survival, and surgical resection prior to radiation should be considered. Even in symptomatic patients with controlled or limited extracranial disease, such treatment provides rapid effective neurological palliation and can be accomplished currently with minimal mortality and morbidity.
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PMID:Surgical treatment of single brain metastases from non-small-cell lung cancer. 399 75

A case of hyperamylasemia with lung cancer is described. Macroamylasemia was excluded by a normal amylase/creatinine clearance ratio and by a sedimentation constant obtained by sucrose density gradient centrifugation. Positive immunofluorescent staining of tumor cells with a specific antibody against human salivary amylase and significant amylase activity in the primary tumor and metastases support the hypothesis of independent production of amylase by the lung tumor. Cellulose--acetate membrane electrophoresis demonstrated three bands of amylase activity. The major component corresponded to normal salivary amylase in electrophoretic mobility, isoelectric point and molecular size. The minor bands, one of which occupied about 10% of the total amylase activity in serum, urine and tissue homogenates, demonstrated a lower electrophoretic mobility and a more acidic isoelectric point. Gel filtration and electrophoresis disclosed that these minor bands were derived from an amylase isozyme with a larger molecular size than that of normal salivary amylase. The results suggest ectopic tumor production of heterogenous amylase isozymes, with the larger form being secreted into the circulation.
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PMID:Amylase-producing lung cancer: case report and review of the literature. 617 Apr 23

Of 387 patients who died with lung cancer, 28 cases were reviewed (7.2%) which were clinically undiagnosed. The male:female ratio was 3.6 and mean age was 64 years in the males, 47 years in the females. The most frequent presenting symptoms were neurologic. Prior to death, 21 patients had known or suspected metastatic disease (biopsy-proven in 12), while a malignant diagnosis was not considered in seven patients. Mean survival was 3.5 months. Despite a mean tumor size of 2.8 cm, most of the chest x-rays were not diagnostic even in retrospect. At autopsy, 65% of the tumors were adenocarcinomas (compared to 32% in the other 359 patients); 53% of these showed vascular and lymphatic invasion around the primary tumor, explaining their wide dissemination. In patients with small cell carcinomas (25% of the cases reviewed) or with solitary metastases (14% of the cases reviewed) therapeutic intervention could possibly have been beneficial.
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PMID:Metastatic carcinoma. The lung as the site for the clinically undiagnosed primary. 629

Forty-two patients with histologically confirmed inoperable small (oat) cell lung cancer were treated with local tumor irradiation (approximately 4,000 cGy) combined with "one-time" irradiation of the upper and lower half of the body. Twenty-five patients (Group I) received the irradiation in lateral position first to the upper half-body, and six weeks later to the lower half-body, the midplane dose averaging 880 cGy (not corrected for lung tissue). In 17 patients, lethal pneumonitis occurred. The mean time of survival was 8.2 months for 22 patients having the disease limited to one thorax-side and 4.0 months for three patients having distant metastases, stated by conventional clinical and X ray investigations. Seventeen patients (Group II) received the two half-body irradiation treatments through anterior-posterior fields. The average dose had been reduced to 800 cGy (uncorrected) and was given on one day in two fractions (600 and 200 cGy, separated by an interval of 5 hours). Furthermore, the forearms and the lower legs had been left outside the fields. Only one patient showed pneumonitis. The mean time of survival was 14.3 months for 12 patients having the disease limited to one thorax-side and 6.6 months for five patients having distant metastases. In both groups, serious reactions of the bone marrow were not observed. In Group II, leucocytes and lymphocytes had reached their original values three months after the end of irradiation. For all 42 patients, X ray films showed complete regression of the primary tumor. In 12 out of 35 autopsy specimens, the primary tumor could not be detected histologically, but only five of these were free of metastases. Presently, additional irradiation of the two halves of the body with lower and fractionated doses are being tested in order to achieve the further reduction of tumor cell numbers.
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PMID:Preliminary report on "one-time" and high dose irradiation of the upper and lower half-body in patients with small cell lung cancer. 631 57

Frequent distributions of different histological diagnosis and stages of lung cancer patients were examined among 4 different age groups consisting of (1) older than 70 years old, (2) 69-65, (3) 64-60 and (4) younger than 60. All patients examined were male and their primary tumor had not been removed. The worst prognosis was found among the age group 69-65 years followed by the older than 70 years. Patients whose age was younger than 60 showed better prognosis. Elderly patients should be irradiated with about 10% smaller radiation field. When chemotherapy is combined with irradiation, radiation dose and field should be lower than with irradiation alone.
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PMID:[Lung cancer in the aged--with special reference to radiation therapy]. 631 80

The classification of bronchogenic carcinoma as a function of the prognosis is still an open field. The evaluation of stage, by use of the TNM system, and histologic cell type is not sufficient to guarantee a correct prognosis. The growth rate of the neoplasm is another important parameter. We propose a classification that takes into account the stage (S), histologic cell type (M), immune status (I) and the growth rate of the primary tumor (G): S.M.I.G. We studied 90 lung cancer patients according to the S.M.I.G. classification and we observed that their prognoses were directly correlated with their S.M.I.G. scores (the higher the score, the higher the 10-month mortality rate). The mortality rates within the first 10 months of follow-up were respectively 0%, 0%, 36.36%, 68%, 90.9% for the 5 groups obtained by S.M.I.G. The difference is statistically significant (P less than 0.0075) and there is a linear correlation between the mortality rate and the score assigned to each group (R = 0.943; P less than 0.05). The S.M.I.G. classification can predict the prognosis more efficiently than the usual classification (TNM) and histological cell type.
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PMID:A new multiparametric classification in lung cancer patients - S.M.I.G. 631 99

Two autopsy cases of intramedullary metastasis to the spinal cord from small cell lung cancer and seminoma of the testis are reported and a review of the literature is presented. Rather than lung cancer, the most common primary tumor of this rare intramedullary spinal cord metastasis is seminoma of the testis. In our case, we posit the occurrence of hematogenous spread via arterial and vertebral venous system.
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PMID:[Two autopsy cases of intramedullary spinal cord metastasis]. 632 58

Surgical resection of the primary tumor along with regional lymph nodes offers the best chance for cure in lung cancer. Progress in thoracic surgery in the past decade has resulted above all from the reduction of operative risk in the elderly, allowing radical operations to be carried out in older patients as well as from better planning of the extent of surgical intervention and avoiding radical intervention where it was not likely to be beneficial. Surgery is indicated as a rule up to tumor stage T3N2M0 , but account must be taken of the patient's functional reserves. Lobectomy, appears to be the method of choice. Segmental resection or tumorectomy may be indicated in patients with limited pulmonary function. Since prognosis depends largely on the tumor's histologic type, more generous indications for surgery are appropriate in the case of squamous cell carcinoma and narrower surgical indications are called for in cases of small-cell carcinoma. Mediastinoscopy allows assessment of regional metastatic spread. Remote metastases should be excluded by liver and one scintigraphy. From 1949 to 1982 a total of 2000 patients with bronchial carcinomas have undergone surgery in the Robert-R ossle -Clinic, with resections having been performed in 1,510 patients. Pneumectomy was performed in 63%, lobectomy in 35% and segmental resection in 2%. Despite broadened indications for surgery post-operative lethality was reduced to 3% during this period. In resected patients who where detected by systematic x-ray screening programs, 5 year survival rates of 38% have been achieved by surgical treatment. Asymptomatic small-cell bronchial carcinomas are cured by operation in 20% of cases. Postoperative empyemas are treated conservatively in our clinic. Further improvements in the prognosis of bronchial carcinoma can be achieved only by early diagnosis and adequate resection.
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PMID:[Surgical treatment of bronchial carcinoma]. 632 24

The distribution of DNA content in 12 cases of metastatic brain tumor, 6 cases of primary lung cancer and 6 cases of primary breast cancer were studied by flow cytometry. According to the pattern of DNA histogram, 12 specimens of metastatic brain tumors were classified into 3 types. Six cases of type I showed a sharp peak in 2C with large numbers of cells in 4C, 4 cases of type II showed the highest peak near 3C with a small peak in 2C, and 2 cases of type III showed a shift of the peak to the right near 4-5C. Type II and III seemed to have two different kinds of the cells which were mixed with normal brain cells or blood cells showing small peak in 2C and tumor cells showing the highest peak in 3C to 5C. Primary lung cancer and breast cancer were also divided into 2 types of DNA histogram, which were similar to those of metastatic brain tumors as type I and type II. Although there was no case of metastatic brain tumor having a DNA histogram of primary tumor in the same case, DNA patterns of metastatic brain tumors might be related to those of primary tumors because of the similarity of the histograms. It was difficult to disclose the primary sites or histological types of metastatic brain tumors from the type of DNA histograms but flow cytometric analysis revealed the characteristic patterns such as type II and III in metastatic brain tumors. We consider that these patterns might be of clinical diagnostic value in flow cytometric study.
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PMID:[Flow cytometric studies of human brain tumors. Part 4: Metastatic tumors]. 651 24

The paper is concerned with an analysis of the specificities of metastatic costal affection depending on the site of a primary tumor basing on a study of the skeleton scintigrams and scanograms of 2496 patients who were examined and treated in the All-Union Cancer Research Center, AMS USSR, in the period of 1980-1983. To assess the frequency of costal affection, the authors made use of an index of primary tumor metastasizing to the ribs (N. N. Trapeznikov, 1981) that reflects the ratio of the number of patients with costal metastases to the total number of patients with metastases. The analysis has shown that costal metastases are most frequently observed in breast carcinoma, prostatic and lung cancer. However, judging by the index of metastasizing tumors of the undetected primary focus come first, then head and neck tumors, and prostatic tumors. Costal metastases are observed 20% as more frequently in women than in men.
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PMID:[Characteristics of metastatic lesions of the ribs from various sites of primary tumor process]. 669 37


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