Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0242379 (lung cancer)
 71,905 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

This study was done on 110 lung cancer patients who had received surgical resection consisted of two groups; one group of 43 who survived more than 5 years without recurrence and the other group of 67 who died within one year following surgery. Prognostic significance of the histopathological features at the primary tumor site as well as the regional lymph nodes were compared between the two groups. Blood vessel invasion by the tumor and lymph node metastasis appeared to be equally significant prognostic factors. Patients having the both factors had little chance for survival. Abundant lymphoid cell infiltration around the tumor was associated with longer survival. Lymphoid cell infiltration at the site of blood vessel invasion also was associated with better prognosis. Follicular hyperplasia and paracortical hyperplasia in the regional lymph nodes were favorable prognostic indicators, whereas sinus histocytosis was poorly significant prognostic indicator.
 ...
PMID:Histopathological factors predictive for prognosis of lung cancer. 22 32

Failure to cure cancer by surgery is caused by inability to remove all local extensions of the lesion or from prior or synchronous dissemination of tumor cells. Laboratory evidence has suggested that preoperative irradiation of the primary tumor can increase cure rates. In the clinical realm, the efficacy of preoperative irradiation appears to vary with specific tumors. Lung cancer shows no improvement in survival. Cancers of the bladder and breast may show enhancement of cure rate. Data indicate that cancer of the rectosigmoid does benefit from preoperative therapy. Adherence to important factors of dosage and timing of operation is necessary to prevent undesirable complications. Randomized clinical trials are needed to establish the efficacy of this combined modality treatment system. This is particularly true since both these modalities can be applied on a wide-scale basis if beneficial effects are conclusively demonstrated.
 ...
PMID:Preoperative irradiation and surgery for certain cancers. 108 41

A multimodal therapy concept for small-cell lung cancer, which for patients with established pretherapeutic homolateral lymph-node metastases (N2) prescribes induction chemotherapy with subsequent resection as well as supplemental chemo- and radiotherapy, provided the opportunity to evaluate histologically the radiological diagnoses "complete remission" and "partial remission" using resection specimens. In 17 patients a 75% to 100% reduction in tumor size was achieved according to radiological diagnosis. Predictions of "no evidence of disease" or "evidence of disease" were only correct in ten cases. In the remaining seven cases, histology showed the radiological findings to be incorrect. This gives a 77% sensitivity for radiological diagnosis with no specificity. Moreover, differentiation between therapy effect on the primary tumor and on the N2 metastases gives similar results: sensitivity 64% and 67% respectively, specificity 33% and 25% respectively. It is concluded that, particularly after the tumor responds well to therapy, radiological techniques are unsuitable for establishing a diagnosis of "no evidence of disease" or "evidence of disease" in small-cell lung cancer. This is because on the one hand the radiological methods available do not permit clear differentiation between vital tumor tissue and necrosis or fibrosis, while on the other hand groups of vital tumor cells beyond the resolution power of X-ray technology will escape detection.
 ...
PMID:Critical checking of the radiological diagnosis of "complete remission" and "partial remission" following induction chemotherapy of small-cell lung cancer in the light of postoperative histological examination. 132 16

A total of 184 patients with small cell lung cancer (SCLC) including 18 patients with ipsilateral pleural effusion as the only evidence of metastasis beyond the primary tumor site (PL), 84 patients with limited disease (LD), and 82 patients with extensive disease (ED) were treated at the Osaka Prefectural Habikino Hospital between December 1982 and June 1990. The median survival time for patients with PL was 51 weeks; for the patients with LD, 51 weeks; and for the patients with ED, 34 weeks. The survival of PL patients was significantly better than that of ED patients (P less than 0.05), and did not differ from that of LD patients. The response rate of PL patients was not significantly different from the response rates observed in LD- and ED-patients. There was no significant difference in survival or response rate between patients with cytologically positive and those with cytologically negative PL. Ipsilateral pleural effusion was not found to be a independent prognostic factor for survival from multivariate analysis in LD patients. These results indicate that the classification of limited disease small cell lung cancer should include patients with ipsilateral pleural effusion, as suggested by the consensus report at the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer (IASLC) Workshop in 1989.
 ...
PMID:[Prognosis of small cell lung cancer with ipsilateral pleural effusion]. 132 75

Mutations in the gene coding for the p53 tumor suppressor protein are common in a variety of human cancers. To assess the role of a putative mutated p53 protein in human lung cancer, a monoclonal antibody recognizing it was used in an immunoperoxidase detection system. A total of 114 cases of Stage I and II adenocarcinomas and squamous cell carcinomas were studied. The staining pattern was always intranuclear and heterogeneous. When the median or mean survival time was compared between cases, p53 accumulation had a statistically significant negative prognostic value. This was supported by a Kaplan-Meier survival plot of p53 producers and nonproducers. In 7 of 24 Stage II cases that were negative for p53 in the primary tumor, metastatic regional lymph nodes were p53-positive. These latter cases had greatly reduced survival times. Thus, p53 accumulation in primary tumors (and regional lymph nodes) may identify a subgroup of lung cancer patients with a prognosis of more aggressive disease.
 ...
PMID:Accumulation of p53 protein correlates with a poor prognosis in human lung cancer. 132 96

Serial changes in serum gastrin level were detected by radioimmunoassay in 58 lung cancer patients before and after operation. In comparing these tests with those of 40 cases of noncancerous thoracic lesions and 151 normal adults, the serum gastrin from lung cancer patients is significantly higher than that of noncancerous thoracic lesions and normal individuals (P less than 0.01). The gastrin level is closely related to stage of cancer, size of primary tumor, presence of lymph node metastasis, and type of histological classification. The serum gastrin was found to decrease gradually after the removal of the tumor and to return to normal on the 14th postoperative day. Those patients whose serum gastrin level can return to normal on the 14th postoperative day will have a good prognosis; if not, their prognosis will be very poor. These results suggest that serum from patients with lung cancer contains a high concentration of gastrin that can help differentiate benign from malignant thoracic lesions and evaluate prognosis of patients with lung cancer. Therefore, the cause of high serum gastrin in patients with lung cancer is likely due to the gastrin-producing property of the lung cancer cells.
 ...
PMID:Pre- and postoperative sequential study on the serum gastrin level in patients with lung cancer. 132 75

Locally advanced lung cancer (stage IIIa, IIIb) in which the primary tumor is proximal (T3) or has invaded adjacent structures (T3) or organs (T4) or in which mediastinal lymph nodes are involved (N2, N3) worsens the prognosis significantly. However, in stage IIIa (T3 or N2), when surgical treatment results in total removal of the primary tumor and involved lymph nodes, there still is a reasonable chance for ultimate cure. On the other hand, total excision can be very rarely performed in T4 or N3 tumors. Therefore, this group (stage IIIb) usually indicates unresectability. Disseminated lung cancer with distant metastasis (stage IV) is still considered to be incurable. Nevertheless, solitary metastatic sites (M1), especially brain, have been treated on occasion by resection of the primary tumor and removal of the solitary metastasis. This appears to improve median survival and does yield 5-year survival in selected patients. The results after surgical treatment in these patients with higher stage lung cancer reported over the last 10 years are reviewed.
 ...
PMID:Surgical treatment for higher stage non-small cell lung cancer. 132 85

Cisplatin lipiodol suspension (CLS: cisplatin 20 mg/ml) was percutaneously injected (cisplatin dose, 2, 4 or 6 mg/kg) in normal lungs of 10 rabbits (1.9-2.3 kg) to assess the safety and feasibility of intratumoral injection of CLS for lung cancer. Histological study revealed acute and chronic infiltrates with bronchiolitis and immature fibrosis at the injected lung tissue even at four weeks after injection. Intrathoracic leaks of CLS produced mild and focal fibrinous pleuritis. Intrabronchial leaks of CLS produced peripheral bronchiolitis with regenerative epithelia. However, no noxious parenchymal damage in the lung and surrounding tissues was noted. Neither oil embolism in brain nor renal toxicity was demonstrated. Seven of eight rabbits showed an increase in body weight. Concentration levels of plasma platinum were lower when compared with intravenous injection of cisplatin in the rabbit: highest at 30 minutes and unmeasurable one week after injection. Lipiodol accumulation in mediastinal lymph nodes was demonstrated in two of nine rabbits by X-ray examination, suggesting intralymphatic drainage of CLS. Intratumoral injection of CLS is safe even with CLS leaks in surrounding normal lung tissues and may be a potent therapy for controlling mediastinal lymph nodes metastasized from lung cancer as well as the primary tumor.
 ...
PMID:[Percutaneous injection of cisplatin lipiodol suspension (CLS) in rabbit lung, aiming at intratumoral injection therapy for lung cancer]. 133 70

Taxotere (RP 56976, NSC 628503) is a new semisynthetic analog of taxol (NSC 125973) with promising antitumor activity in a variety of preclinical screening systems. Clinical responses after treatment with taxol have been observed in ovarian cancer, breast, lung cancer and melanoma. Both agents act through induction of microtubule polymerization. We have studied and compared the antiproliferative action of Taxotere and taxol against a variety of freshly explanted human tumor specimens using an in vitro soft agar cloning system. Final concentrations of 0.025-10 micrograms/ml were used for both agents in short-term (1 h) or continuous (14 days) incubations. Taxotere was studied using a 1 h incubation in a total of 167 tumor specimens of which 85 (51%) were evaluable. At 10 micrograms/ml, Taxotere inhibited 32 out of 78 (41%) specimens (colony formation less than or equal to 0.5 x control). Cytotoxicity of Taxotere was observed against breast, lung, ovarian, colorectal cancer and melanoma tumor colony forming units. For comparison, 227 specimens were exposed to taxol for 1 h. At 10 micrograms/ml, 32 out of 97 evaluable specimens (33%) were significantly inhibited. Cytotoxicity was observed against breast, lung, ovarian, colorectal cancer and melanoma tumor colony forming units. In head-to-head comparisons, 29 specimens were found more sensitive to Taxotere than taxol, while only 13 were more sensitive to taxol than to Taxotere. These data indicate that cross-resistance between the two agents is incomplete and that on a concentration basis Taxotere is more cytotoxic than taxol in the majority of human primary tumor specimens evaluated.
 ...
PMID:Effects of Taxotere and taxol on in vitro colony formation of freshly explanted human tumor cells. 135 30

Solitary cerebellar metastatic tumors are rarely reported in the literature. We reviewed 240 posterior fossa tumors treated in the past eight years. There were 11 cases of solitary metastases in the cerebellum. The primary tumor was lung cancer in five cases and breast carcinoma in two cases; the remaining three cases had colon cancer, nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and Ewing's sarcoma, respectively. All patients underwent craniectomy and gross total excision of the tumor. Seven patients survived less than one year, two cases died in the second year, and one case of NPC survived for more than two years. The only survival is a case of Ewing's sarcoma who underwent surgery 14 months ago. The symptoms and signs of all patients improved satisfactorily after surgery. Four patients received postoperative irradiation to the posterior fossa and two cases of lung cancer had a thoracotomy for the primary lung lesion; however, the survival period was not prolonged. We suggest that a cancer patient or a patient in the fifth to seventh decades of life presenting headache, gait disturbance and vomiting should promptly undergo a computed tomography (CT) scan of the head. In selected cases, surgical intervention for solitary metastatic tumors in the tiny posterior fossa may be the best initial treatment. Adjuvant therapies should then be added according to the type of tumor.
 ...
PMID:Solitary cerebellar metastases: analysis of 11 cases. 136 66


1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>