Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0242379 (lung cancer)
 71,905 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

AT1727 is a derivative of ICRF 154. The purpose of this study was to evaluate its "radiosensitizer" properties. From October 1979 until the end of December 1980, 89 patients with radiation resistant cancers such as soft tissue sarcoma, squamous lung cancer (with large lesion, 6-8 cm diameter) and other cancers had been included in trial. Radiation therapy was carried out using CO60 or 8 Mev Linac. Fifty-five patients had a remarkable objective remission rate of 61.8% (55/89). Eighteen of 30 patients with soft tissue sarcomas obtained obvious remission (60%), and 26 of 38 patients with lung cancer had remission (68.4%). Patients with esophageal cancer (5/6) and nasopharyngeal cancer (5/5) also had good remission rates. The side-effects of this treatment were very mild: anorexia and vomiting were noted in 50% and no significant changes were noted in liver and kidney function tests and blood platelet count. Leucopenia was slight in all but one patient. No difference in the lung fibrosis rate was noted between the two randomized groups. From the results of this study we concluded that AT1727 had some effect as a "radiosensitizer" but much more work is needed to confirm this.
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PMID:Preliminary report on AT1727 as a potential radiosensitizer. 639 23

A cooperative phase II study of vindesine, a new vinca alkaloid, was carried out in 16 major institutions. The selection of patients and evaluation of tumor response were based on the Criteria for the Evaluation of Tumor Response by Chemotherapy in Solid Tumor Patients by Koyama and Saito. Vindesine was administered by i.v. bolus injection at a dose of 3 mg per week. Out of 130 patients who entered into the study, 117 patients were evaluable. Partial responses were obtained in 16 (13.7%) out of 117 evaluable patients, including 7 (17.1%) out of 41 lung cancer, 3 (8.1%) out of 37 breast cancer, 2 (33.3%) out of 6 esophageal cancer, and one each of cervical cancer, liposarcoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, and embryonic tumor. Major side effects were leukopenia (less than 3000/cm) 60.2%, gastrointestinal disturbances 23.6%, neurotoxicity 25.2% and hair loss 14.2%.
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PMID:[A cooperative phase II study of vindesine sulfate in patients with solid tumors]. 661 38

The effects of chemotherapy for lung metastasis in 284 cancer patients using various anti-tumor drugs, including classic ones and modern active agents for the past 18 years, were presented. Lung metastasis for lung cancer was excluded. The response was achieved in cervical carcinoma of the uterus (17/62, 27%), endometrial carcinoma of the uterus (1/7, 14%), colorectal cancer (6/39, 15%), breast cancer (5/28, 18%) and stomach cancer (4/28, 14%). A high response was achieved in myosarcoma (5/12, 42%), testicular cancer (5/11, 45%) and also in ovarian cancer (3/10, 30%). Though there were few cases, a high response was achieved in malignant melanoma (2/3), choriocarcinoma (2/4) and esophageal cancer (1/3). In total patients the response rate was 20%. In these cases a complete response was achieved in 4 cervical cancers; one testicular cancer, ovarian cancer, esophageal cancer and renal cancer, respectively. However, the effect was temporary and no longterm survivor was observed except for one case of renal cancer treated continuously with interferon (3 X 10(6) units daily) and showing complete remission after 7 months of therapy. The effect of chemotherapy for lung metastasis was compared between nodular metastasis (NM) and lymphagiosis carcinomatosa (LC). In cervical carcinoma of the uterus, the response rate in NM (39%) was higher than in LC (11%). However, no difference was observed in breast cancer (NM 15%, LC 13%) nor in stomach cancer (NM 13%, LC 18%).
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PMID:[Chemotherapy for metastatic lung cancer]. 687 21

A good coverage by the Hong Kong Cancer Registry of cases of the common cancers diagnosed in Hong Kong during 1974-78 is indicated by an excess of cases over deaths registered, which is according to expectation from survival prospects. The trends during 1961-79 showed a rapid increase in mortality from lung cancer in both sexes, a moderate rise in liver cancer in males, and small increases in esophageal cancer in males and colon cancer in females. Cervical cancer was the only neoplasm that showed a decreasing trend, although this was small in proportion. Some epidemiological observations on cancer arising in the lung, liver, larynx, and nasopharynx are presented.
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PMID:Cancer in Hong Kong: some epidemiological observations. 716 94

The relationship between gastrointestinal cancers and genetic influence was investigated. The subjects examined were 1211 cancer cases and 781 non-cancer cases registered to the 1st Department of Surgery of Kagoshima University Hospital from 1972 to 1980. The results were as follows: 1. Malignant cases were found in 266/1211 (22.0%) in the families of cancer probandus. Incidence was significantly (P less than 0.01) higher than that [130/781 (16.6%)] in those of non-cancer probandus. 2. Malignant cases were found in 79/356 (22.2%) in the families of gastric cancer probandus and in 51/189 (27.0%) in those of colo-rectal cancer probandus. 3. The relationship between cancer probandus and malignant cases in the families was classified according to the vertical relationship (grandparents-parents-uncle and aunt-probandus-children) and the horizontal relationship (probandus-siblings-cousin). 4. Incidence in the vertical relationships (159/266: 59.8%) was higher than that in the horizontal relationships (107/266: 40.2%). Incidence of the vertical relationships of female cancer probandus (gastric cancer: 70.4%, esophageal cancer: 55.7%, clorectal cancer: 73.9%) was significantly (P less than 0.05) higher than that in those of male cancer probandus. 5. Incidence of blood B type in male gastric cancer group tended to be less when compared with the control group (P less than 0.05). 6. Incidence of smoking habits in esophageal cancer group (82.2%) and the lung cancer group (63.4%) was significantly (P less than 0.01) higher than that in the control group (46.0%). 7. Incidence of drinking habits in the male esophageal cancer group (84.2%) was significantly (P less than 0.01) higher than that in the control group (53.0%).
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PMID:[Clinical and genetic study on human cancer--gastric cancer]. 718 28

We describe two patients with benign esophageal stricture in whom exfoliative esophageal cytologic features positive for squamous cell carcinoma is attributed to roentgenographically occult lung cancer. The discovery of alveolar macrophages within the esophageal washings of these patients prompted a retrospective analysis assessing the prevalence of esophageal washings contaminated by cellular material from the lower respiratory tract. Alveolar macrophages were observed in 11 of 28 patients (39%) and in 12 of 33 specimens (36%). Alveolar macrophages were noted in half of patients with benign esophageal disease, but in only one of eight cases with proved esophageal cancer. Criteria alerting physicians to the coexistence of benign esophageal stricture and occult respiratory neoplasm are given, and recommendations for a change in reporting esophageal cytologic features are proposed.
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PMID:Occult bronchogenic carcinoma masquerading as esophageal cancer. Case reports with recommendations for a change in reporting esophageal cytology. 736 78

Using the murine monoclonal antibodies against human gastric cancer cell antigens designated MG7 and MGd1, we developed a sandwich ELISA to detect the levels of antigen-specific immune complexes (IC) in human sera. By this assay, only 6.7%(6/90) of healthy blood donors and 9.2%(6/65) of patients with chronic gastritis had antigen-specific IC in sera exceeding the cut-off value. Whereas 21.4%(6/28) of patients with colorectal cancer, 18.2%(4/22) of patients with hepatocellular cancer, 11.4%(4/35) of patients with lung cancer and 9.5%(2/21) of patients with breast cancer had elevated levels of the antigen-specific IC. In contrast, 58.7%(54/92) of patients with gastric cancer and 53.3%(24/45) of patients with esophageal cancer were positive for this antigen-specific IC. Determination of levels of antigen-specific IC in sera may be useful in serologic diagnosis of patients with gastric and esophageal cancer.
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PMID:Detection of antigen-specific immune complexes in sera of gastric and esophageal cancer patients. 752 42

The treatment of malignant esophageal stenoses is a serious problem which may have a surgical solution at diagnosis in only a selected number of cases. Chemotherapy and radiotherapy are the main palliative treatments; surgery has a high morbidity and mortality rate. The insertion of esophageal prostheses could be an alternative palliative treatment. From January 1991 to November 1993, 41 autoexpandable metallic prostheses (12 Wallstent type, 19 Strecker type and 1 Rosch-Uchida type) have been implanted in 30 patients with esophageal cancer one with lung cancer and two with radiation induced esophagitis. Technical success resulted in 28 patients; an initial failure requiring a new prosthesis insertion occurred in 5 patients. Technical aspects and results are analyzed.
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PMID:[Self-expandable metal prostheses. A new alternative palliative therapy of malignant stenotic lesions of the esophagus]. 752 37

The mortality due to lung cancer among 'chauffeurs', who have a presumably long-term exposure to diesel exhaust fumes, was analysed. As controls, men in industrial occupations of similar socio-economic status were selected. Cases were drawn from the Swiss mortality register for the years 1979-1983. Person-years were obtained using data from the 1980 census records. These two data files were combined by occupation, age class and socio-economic status. Age adjusted incidence rates were calculated applying Poisson regression. To control for tobacco related lung cancer mortality an indirect adjustment was undertaken. Using information about the smoking habits of the people in the occupations under study, smoking-attributable lung cancer mortality was accounted for by incorporating Axelson's technique into multivariate regression modeling. The mortality ratio for lung cancer for chauffeurs with respect to the controls was 2.27, which is significantly in excess of 1:95% CI (1.99, 2.58). Other tobacco related diagnoses such as bladder cancer, esophageal cancer and ischemic heart diseases showed excess risks as well. After accounting for smoking, a slight but significant increase in lung cancer mortality remained among chauffeurs (mortality ratio 1.48, 95% CI: 1.30, 1.68). In summary, the present results do support the hypothesis that diesel exhaust is a significant cause of lung cancer.
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PMID:A mortality study of lung cancer among swiss professional drivers: accounting for the smoking related fraction by a multivariate approach. 752 54

In scheduling chemotherapy and radiotherapy for locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), chemotherapy can be given pre-radiotherapy or concurrently as a single agent or in combination. Optimal scheduling has yet to be established. Optimal pre-radiotherapy for NSCLC requires further development but cisplatin with vinblastine, vindesine, etoposide or navelbine appear the best currently available. A number of new drugs show potential for enhancing radiation effects. Concurrent chemotherapy and radiotherapy has been tested in a number of experimental tumours in cell culture. In these systems cisplatin, carboplatin, 5-fluorouracil, mitomycin-C and other agents appear to improve cell kill compared to chemotherapy alone. Mouse xenograft models allow the study of various concurrent drug and radiation schedules including the effect of radiation with cisplatin, carboplatin, paclitaxel and gemcitabine. In these systems, cisplatin in divided doses shows optimal enhancement with fractionated radiotherapy. There are a number of drug candidates for concurrent chemotherapy and radiotherapy programs. Clinical studies in head and neck cancer, esophageal cancer, small cell lung cancer and NSCLC show promising results with concurrent chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Cisplatin given daily with radiotherapy improved survival in NSCLC compared to cisplatin given weekly with radiotherapy or to radiotherapy alone. To study the toxicity of radiation and concurrent carboplatin, we have studied 170 patients with unresectable locally advanced NSCLC in a 4-arm randomized trial. An analysis of the first 100 patients entered revealed significantly more neutropenia (P < 0.0001) and thrombocytopenia (P < 0.004) with the combined modality arms. Esophagitis was worse on all three experimental arms but was significantly more prolonged with accelerated radiotherapy arms.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Lung Cancer 1995 Jun
PMID:Scheduling of chemotherapy and radiotherapy in locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer. 755 50


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