Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0242379 (lung cancer)
 71,905 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

CA19-9 is a specific tumor marker in patients with gastrointestinal cancer; however, some patients with respiratory disease can have elevated serum levels of CA19-9 as well. In this study we evaluated serum CA19-9 levels of patients with nonmalignant respiratory diseases. We also estimated the prognostic significance of elevated serum levels of CA19-9 in patients with interstitial lung diseases. The study included 554 patients who had been diagnosed at our hospital during the period of 1984-2005. Serum CA19-9 levels in these patients were measured with a commercially available kit. Elevated levels (>37 U/mL) of CA19-9 were observed in 30.7% of patients with lung cancer. Furthermore, 38.9% of patients with idiopathic interstitial pneumonia (IIP), collagen disease-associated pulmonary fibrosis (CDPF), diffuse panbronchiolitis (DPB), and bronchiectasis had elevated serum CA19-9 levels. Survival rates were significantly lower in patients with interstitial lung diseases (IIP and CDPF) and elevated serum CA19-9 levels than in those with levels in the normal range (P=0.0065). Serum CA19-9 was elevated in some patients with nonmalignant diffuse lung diseases. Therefore, clinicians should pay attention to the evidence that increased serum CA19-9 levels can be found in nonmalignant respiratory disease patients. In patients with IIP and CDPF, elevated serum CA19-9 levels may be related to poor prognosis.
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PMID:Serum levels of CA19-9 in patients with nonmalignant respiratory diseases. 1738 65

We tested whether zoledronic acid, a biphosphonate with proposed apoptotic activity, augmented the cytotoxicity of cisplatin and/or gemcitabine in A549 lung cancer cell line. This cell line was subjected to different concentrations of the above chemotherapeutic agents and zoledronic acid. Cytotoxicity was assessed by the MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrasodium bromide) assay. Particularly, zoledronic acid in 100 micromolar (microM) concentration augmented the cytotoxicity by cisplatin 1microg/ml from 25% to 70% (Z=3.22, P=0.0072). A significant portion of cells underwent apoptosis with or without zoledronic acid, but more so with the combination treatment as assessed by an Annexin V-FITC apoptosis detection kit. However, 100microM zoledronic acid showed 50% cytotoxicity on its own, but failed to improve cytotoxicity by Gemcitabine. Thus, we show for the first time in a lung cancer cell line that zoledronic acid bears cytotoxic potential on its own and in conjunction with cisplatin. The clinical potential of this finding should be further studied.
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PMID:Cisplatin cytotoxicity is enhanced with zoledronic acid in A549 lung cancer cell line: preliminary results of an in vitro study. 1741 95

The expression of c-erbB receptors was immunohistochemically examined in paraffin embedded specimens from non-small-cell lung carcinomas. A total of 209 patients were enrolled [squamous-cell carcinomas (n=59), adenocarcinomas (n=130), large-cell carcinomas (n=15) and giant-cell carcinomas (n=5)]. The HercepTest kit scoring guidelines were used for the interpretation of positivity. C-erbB-1 was overexpressed in older patients, in squamous-cell carcinomas and in poorly-differentiated tumours, whereas c-erbB-2 overexpression with adenocarcinomas and poorly-differentiated tumours. C-erbB-4 overexpression correlated with advanced disease stage. The c-erbB-1/4 pair was the most commonly overexpressed and significantly correlated with female gender, while the c-erbB-1/2 pair with older age. Response to chemotherapy was significantly reduced in patients with tumours overexpressing c-erbB-1 receptor as well as the c-erbB-1/2 and c-erbB-3/4 receptor pairs. Patients' overall survival was significantly correlated with the co-expression of c-erbB-1 and c-erbB-4 receptors. These findings clearly suggest that specific receptors overexpression or co-overexpression is correlated with patients' disease control rate and outcome. A better understanding of the overexpression of the heterodimerized partners of c-erbB family receptors may provide a useful predictive indicator of response to molecular targeted therapies with c-erbB inhibitors.
Lung Cancer 2007 Aug
PMID:Simultaneous expression of c-erbB-1, c-erbB-2, c-erbB-3 and c-erbB-4 receptors in non-small-cell lung carcinomas: correlation with clinical outcome. 1744 48

Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) overexpression in nonsmall cell lung carcinomas (NSCLC) is variable ranging from 19% to 89% and its prognostic value remains controversial. We tried to investigate (1) EGFR protein expression using four different antibodies, (2) the correlation between protein overexpression and EGFR gene amplification, and (3) the correlation between EGFR genetic status and clinicopathologic features in NSCLC. We examined EGFR protein expression using four different antibodies including Zymed EGFR kit (Clone 31G7), Dako EGFR pharmDx kit (Clone 2-18C9), Dako (Clone H11) and Novocastra (Clone EGFR 113) by immunohistochemical analysis. The protein overexpression was compared to gene amplification status by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). EGFR protein overexpression was observed in 56% of tumors with Zymed EGFR kit, in 51% with Dako EGFR pharmDx kit, in 5% with Dako and in 18% with Novocastra (p=0.010). Both Zymed and Dako pharmDx kit were more sensitive than the Dako test (clone H11) and Novocastra clone EGFR 113. EGFR overexpression was more prominent in squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) than adenocarcinomas (ADC) (71% vs. 48%, p=0.001 with Zymed, 61% vs. 45%, p=0.011 with Dako pharmDx kit; respectively). EGFR FISH-positivity as represented by high polysomy and gene amplification was observed in 45% of the NSCLC patients. Protein expression levels significantly correlated with the gene copy number per tumor cell (p<0.001). Our data showed a higher percentage of positive cells detected by Zymed and Dako pharmDx tests. The EGFR protein overexpression rate varied from 4% to 72% according to different antibody clones and histologic types. EGFR protein expression detected by Zymed and Dako pharmDx was significantly associated with a high EGFR gene copy number.
Lung Cancer 2010 Jun
PMID:Protein overexpression and gene amplification of epidermal growth factor receptor in nonsmall cell lung carcinomas: Comparison of four commercially available antibodies by immunohistochemistry and fluorescence in situ hybridization study. 1971 93

Thoracoscopic surgery without or with video assistance (VATS) is simpler and easier to learn as it seems to be. Potential benefits of the procedure in rural surgical environment are outlined while basic requirements and limitations are listed. Thoracoscopy kit, thoracotomy tray at hand, patient monitoring, proper drainage system, pain control and access to chest physiotherapy are the basic requirements. Having headlight, bronchoscope, Ligasure and mechanical staplers offer clear advantages but they are not indispensable. Exploration and evacuation of pleural space, pleurodesis, surgery for Stage I and II thoracic empyema are evidenced fields of VATS procedures. Some of the cases can be performed under controlled local anesthesia. Acute chest trauma cannot be recommended for VATS treatment. Lung cancer is out of the scope of rural surgery.
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PMID:(Video Assisted) thoracoscopic surgery: Getting started. 1978 79

Agents acting on signalling molecules of growth pathways have emerged as therapeutics for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Among them are inhibitors of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). To meet Belgian reimbursement criteria for erlotinib, patients must have an EGFR-positive tumour, defined as at least 10% of cells showing membranous staining on immunohistochemistry. This study compares results obtained with the Dako pharmDx kit versus other anti-EGFR antibodies in 634 NSCLC. More than 80% of patients qualify for erlotinib therapy using the Dako pharmDx kit or antibodies from Zymed or Novocastra; when NeoMarkers antibodies are used, less than 70% will do. Although immunohistochemical stainings for EGFR can be performed on biopsies, surgical and cytological samples from primary and metastatic NSCLC, highest positivity rates were obtained in biopsies from primary tumours. In conclusion, immunohistochemistry for patient selection for erlotinib therapy needs standardization in order to avoid results influenced by technical issues.
Lung Cancer 2010 Jul
PMID:Comparison of four antibodies for immunohistochemical evaluation of epidermal growth factor receptor expression in non-small cell lung cancer. 1979 39

Aberrant expression of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) system has been reported in a wide range of epithelial cancers. In some studies, this has also been associated with a poor prognosis and resistance to the conventional forms of therapies. These discoveries have led to the strategic development of several kinds of EGFR inhibitors, five of which have gained US Food and Drug Administration approval for the treatment of patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (gefitinib and erlotinib), metastatic colorectal cancer (cetuximab and panitumumab), head and neck (cetuximab), pancreatic cancer (erlotinib) and breast (lapatinib) cancer. Despite these advances and recent studies on the predictive value of activating EGFR mutation and KRAS mutations with response in non-small-cell lung cancer and colon cancer patients, there is currently no reliable predictive marker for response to therapy with the anti-EGFR monoclonal antibodies cetuximab and panitumumab or the small molecule EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors gefitinib and erlotinib. In particular, there has been no clear association between the expression of EGFR, determined by the US Food and Drug Administration-approved EGFR PharmDX kit, and response to the EGFR inhibitors. Here, we discuss some of the controversial data and explanatory factors as well as future studies for the establishment of more reliable markers for response to therapy with EGFR inhibitors. Such investigations should lead to the selection of a more specific subpopulation of cancer patients who benefit from therapy with EGFR inhibitors, but equally to spare those who will receive no benefit or a detrimental effect from such biological agents.
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PMID:Epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors in cancer treatment: advances, challenges and opportunities. 1982 50

Radical segmentectomy is being performed for small-sized lung cancer. However, it is not always easy to identify the intersegmental border. In this report, we present a new method to recognize it easier by using the nozzle of fibrin sealant spray kit. The diseased segment can be inflated through a pin hole which is placed distal to the ligation at segmental bronchus. In our 20 cases, successful inflation of diseased segment was easily done through thoracoscopic procedure.
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PMID:[A novel selected segmental inflation technique for anatomical segmentectomy]. 1989 68

Epigenetics is a mechanism of reversible and heritable regulation of gene transcription in contrast to genetic or DNA-coding information. In higher vertebrae, epigenetics consist of methylation of cytosine and histone modification. Mainly as detection is easier, aberrant DNA methylation was studied since the middle of '80s and recently convenient kit makes easy for study of histone modification. DNA methylation and histone modification meet in the end of '90s and regulation of transcription has being revealed. In this review, a history of epigenetics is commented briefly and recent proceedings of epigenetic change in lung cancer including micro RNA inactivation by DNA methylation and multigenetic analyses in non-small cell lung cancer is discussed.
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PMID:[Recent proceedings in epigenetics research of lung cancer]. 1999 29

The aim of this work was to demonstrate the advantage of using paclitaxel (PTX)-loaded Pluronic P123/F127 mixed micelles (PF-PTX) against non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) compared to Taxol. Modulation of multidrug resistance (MDR) by Pluronic mixed micelles was evaluated in lung resistance protein (LRP)-overexpressing human lung adenocarcinoma A-549 cell line. Influence of PF-PTX on in vitro cytotoxicity was determined by MTT assay, while cellular apoptosis was detected by cell nuclei staining and Annexin V-FITC apoptosis detection kit. Cell cycle arrest was also confirmed by flow cytometry. Additionally, in vivo fate and antitumor efficacy of PF-PTX were extensively evaluated in comparison with Taxol. It was demonstrated that PF-PTX had superior anti-proliferation activity against A-549 cells compared with Taxol as measured by IC(50). The enhanced anti-cancer efficacy of PF-PTX was associated with PTX-induced apoptosis and cell arrest in the G(2)/M phase. Intracellular ATP depletion and decreased mitochondrial potential caused by Pluronic copolymers were found to be related to modulation of MDR. PF-PTX also exhibited significant advantages in pharmacokinetics and A-549 xenograft tumor model versus Taxol. The PF-PTX formulation achieved 3.0-fold longer mean residence time in circulation, 2.2-fold larger area under the plasma concentration-time curve than Taxol. At 28days, tumor volume in PF-PTX group was only 31.8% that of the Taxol. Therefore, PF-PTX significantly enhanced the anti-cancer activity of PTX and might be considered a promising drug delivery system to overcome MDR in lung cancer.
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PMID:Enhanced antitumor efficacy by paclitaxel-loaded pluronic P123/F127 mixed micelles against non-small cell lung cancer based on passive tumor targeting and modulation of drug resistance. 2045 5


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