Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0242379 (lung cancer)
 71,905 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Three parallel cohort studies of asbestos factory workers were undertaken to investigate the effects of mineral fibre type and industrial process on malignant mesothelioma, respiratory cancer, and asbestosis. This report describes the mortality of a cohort of 2543 men, defined as all those employed for at least a month from 1938 to 1958 in a textile plant in South Carolina in which chrysotile was the only type of asbestos used. Of these, 863 men (34%) had died before 31 December 1977, one from malignant mesothelioma. Twenty one deaths were ascribed to asbestosis and 66 to cancer of the lung. Compared with the number expected from South Carolina, there was an excess of 30 deaths from respiratory cancer (ICD 160-164) in men 20 or more years after first employment (SMR 199.5). In men employed five years or more, no SMRs for this category rose above 300. Individual exposures were estimated (in mpcf X years) from recorded environmental measurements. Life table analyses and "log-rank" (case-control) analyses both showed a steep linear exposure-response that was some 50-fold greater at similar accumulated dust exposures than in Canadian chrysotile mining and milling. These findings agree closely with those from another study in this plant and confirm that mesothelioma is rarely associated with chrysotile exposure. Cigarette smoking habits did not greatly differ between the textile workers and the Canadian miners and millers. The far greater risk of lung cancer in the textile industry, if not attributable to other identified cocarcinogens, may be related to major differences in the size distribution of fibres in the submicroscopic range which are not detected by the usual fibre or particle counting procedures.
 ...
PMID:Dust exposure and mortality in an American chrysotile textile plant. 631 32

This report describes the second in a series of three parallel cohort studies of asbestos factories in South Carolina, Pennsylvania, and Connecticut to assess the effects of mineral fibre type and industrial process on mortality from malignant mesothelioma, respiratory cancer, and asbestosis. In the present plant (in Pennsylvania) mainly chrysotile, with some amosite and a small amount of crocidolite, were used primarily in textile manufacture. Of a cohort of 4137 men comprising all those employed 1938-59 for at least a month, 97% were traced. By the end of 1974, 1400 (35%) had died, 74 from asbestosis and 70 from lung cancer. Mesothelioma was mentioned on the certificate in 14 deaths mostly coded to other causes. All these deaths occurred after 1959, and there were indications that additional cases of mesothelioma may have gone unrecognised, especially before that date. The exposure for each man was estimated in terms of duration and dust concentration in millions of dust particles per cubic foot (mpcf) from available measurements. Analyses were made both by life table and case referent methods. The standardised mortality ratio for respiratory cancer for the whole cohort was 105.0, but the risk rose linearly from 66.9 for men with less than 10 mpcf.y to 416.1 for those with 80 mpcf.y or more. Lines fitted to relative risks derived from SMRs in this and the textile plant studied in South Carolina were almost identical in slope. This was confirmed by case referent analysis. These findings support the conclusion from the South Carolina study that the risk of lung cancer in textile processing is very much greater than in chrysotile production and probably than in the friction products industry. The much greater risk of mesothelioma from exposure to processes in which even quite small quantities of amphiboles were used was also confirmed.
 ...
PMID:Dust exposure and mortality in an American factory using chrysotile, amosite, and crocidolite in mainly textile manufacture. 631 33

Patients with malignant mesothelioma, a neoplasia strongly associated with previous asbestos exposure, excrete in the urine high levels of modified purines, pyrimidines, and their ribosides, breakdown products of transfer RNA. The urinary excretion levels of modified nucleosides were measured in 47 male insulation workers with long term exposure to asbestos and, therefore, at high neoplastic risk. The nucleoside levels of 44 male control subjects were used for comparison. Asbestos-related radiographic changes were found in 70% of the exposed individuals. An increasing severity of radiographic alterations was associated with a greater frequency of elevated nucleoside clusters, especially in m'A, m'I, m'G, and m2(2)G. Duration since onset of exposure was directly related to pseudouridine, m'I, and m2(2)G. Though cigarette smoking contributes to the development of asbestos-related lung cancer, data are presented that support the hypothesis that asbestos exposure is the more important factor related to the elevated values of nucleosides. It was concluded, therefore, that measuring nucleoside levels in populations at high risk of developing certain kinds of cancer may provide a useful diagnostic tool for detecting "preclinical" biochemical changes that may be predictive of future neoplastic manifestations.
 ...
PMID:Transfer RNA breakdown products in the urine of asbestos workers. 648 16

In 1973, amphibole asbestos fibers were discovered in the municipal water supply of Duluth, Minnesota. The entire city population of approximately 100,000 was exposed from the late 1950s through 1976 at levels of 1-65 million fibers per liter of water. Because of previous epidemiologic studies that linked mesothelioma, lung and gastrointestinal cancers to occupational exposure to asbestos, surveillance of cancer incidence in residents of Duluth was initiated to determine the health effect from ingestion of asbestos. The methodology of the Third National Cancer Survey (TNCS) and SEER Program was used. Duluth 1969-1971 rates were compared with TNCS rates for the cities of Minneapolis and St. Paul during 1969-1971; Duluth rates during 1974-1976 are compared with Duluth 1969-1971; Duluth rates during 1979-1980 are compared with Duluth 1969-1971 and with Iowa SEER; and a table of the occurrence of malignant mesothelioma is presented. Statistically significant excesses are observed in several primary sites in Duluth residents. However, lung cancer in Duluth females is the only primary site considered also of biological significance. The mesothelioma incidence rate is no more than expected. This paper also describes the problems of long-term surveillance of exposed populations considered at risk of environment cancer, the need for improved study methodologies and the use of federal records for follow up of exposed individuals.
 ...
PMID:Observations of cancer incidence surveillance in Duluth, Minnesota. 666 96

Mortality was studied among a group of 328 employees of an Ontario asbestos-cement factory who had been hired before 1960 and who had been employed for a minimum of nine years. The group of 87 men who had worked in the rock wool/fibre glass operations, or who had been otherwise minimally exposed to asbestos, had mortality rates similar to those of the general Ontario population, while the group of asbestos-exposed employees had all-cause mortality rates double those of the Ontario population, mortality rates due to malignancies five times higher than expected, and deaths attributed to lung cancer eight times more frequent than expected. According to the best evidence available, 10 of 58 deaths among the production workers were due to malignant mesothelioma and 20 to lung cancer. The men dying of mesothelioma were younger than the men dying of lung cancer with mean ages at death of 51 and 64 years respectively. An exposure model was constructed on the basis of the available air sampling data, and individual exposure histories were calculated. These exposure histories were used to investigate the exposure-response relationships for asbestos-associated malignancies.
 ...
PMID:Mortality among long-term employees of an Ontario asbestos-cement factory. 683 Jul 9

A survey was made, through pathologists, of all 274 fatal cases of primary malignant mesothelioma in North America in 1972. For each case, a control with pulmonary metastases from a primary tumour other than lung cancer was matched for sex and age. Relatives and friends of both cases and controls were interviewed; and specimens of lung tissue were obtained for 100 case-control pairs and analysed 'blind' by electron microscopy and X-ray energy dispersion analysis. This report describes the preliminary results of the analyses of asbestos fibres in the first 37 case-control pairs: chrysotile fibres were far more prevalent than amphiboles, but equal quantities were found in cases and controls. There was, however, a clear excess of amosite fibres in male cases as compared with controls.
 ...
PMID:Mineral fibre content of lung in mesothelial tumours: preliminary report. 722 24

The spreading of information on asbestos carcinogenicity within the Italian scientific community before 1965. The paper deals with the development of recognition of asbestos carcinogenicity within the Italian scientific community. This development was difficult in Italy as in other countries. Articles and other papers in handbooks and congress proceedings, by Italian authors, published in the period 1934-1965, were considered. The first cases of lung cancer in Italian workers exposed to asbestos were observed in 1955-56, the first cases of malignant mesothelioma in 1965. The cases observed were very few, but knowledge on asbestos carcinogenicity became widespread within the Italian scientific community during the fifties (from 1953 on wards) with the publication of several handbooks of occupational medicine.
 ...
PMID:[The diffusion of information on the carcinogenicity of asbestos in the Italian scientific community before 1965]. 750 Aug 99

ME1 is a monoclonal antibody which is generated by the use of a mesothelioma cell line (SPCIII). The antibody has a preferential reaction to antigens on mesothelial and mesothelioma cells. In a prospective study we determined the reactivity in frozen sections from malignant mesotheliomas (two cases, positive controls), lung tumours (115 cases) and other malignant tumours (23 cases). The two malignant mesotheliomas were immunoreactive in most of the tumour cells. The reaction was strong, often with a diffuse staining of the cytoplasm and in some tumour cells there was heavy staining of the cell membrane. Five adenocarcinomas of the lung (9%), one large cell carcinoma (10%) and 18 squamous cell carcinomas of the lung (41%) were positive (defined as tumours containing more than 10% positive tumour cells with a strong reaction). The same was true for seven out of 23 (30%) extrapulmonary malignancies. The overall nosologic specificity of ME1 was 76%. Twenty out of the 26 ME1-positive lung tumours and six out of seven ME1-positive extrapulmonary malignancies were also positive for one or more markers, which is considered characteristic of carcinomas. The six negative lung tumours were squamous cells carcinomas and the negative extrapulmonary tumour was a meningeoma; all of them with a morphology different to malignant mesothelioma. In conclusion, when frozen sections are available, ME1 might be useful in the differential diagnosis of malignant tumours. However, a positive reaction is not specific for malignant mesothelioma.
Lung Cancer 1994 Sep
PMID:ME1-antibody labelling of primary bronchogenic tumours and extrapulmonary malignancies. 752 22

There is no universally-recognised method for staging malignant mesothelioma, although the use of computed tomograph (CT) scanning has improved the staging of non-invasive disease. The International Union against Cancer has recently proposed using the Tumour Node Metastases (TNM) staging system for mesothelioma, but in clinical practice it is difficult to assess tumour and nodal involvement due to the unique plate-like growth pattern of this tumour. In order to evaluate TNM staging we analysed pre-operative CT scans from 88 patients with histologically-confirmed malignant pleural mesothelioma, all from the same institution. The median age of the patients was 56 years (range 38-79). There were 70 men and 18 women, and 33 had tumours with epithelial histology. The median survival time was 10 months (range 0.2-110), from the date of histological confirmation of mesothelioma. The same radiologist analysed all the CT scans according to the TNM staging system. Actuarial survival curves were constructed by the Kaplan-Meier method. Survival curves for the different TNM categories were compared using the log-rank test. Node evaluation could not be completed in eight cases because the tumour had encompassed the hilum and mediastinum. In multivariate analysis, significant differences in prognosis correlated with the different T categories (P < 0.01), and the different TNM stages (P < 0.05), but not the N categories or the M categories. Larger studies are needed to assess the importance of TNM staging in the selection of treatment and as a prognostic factor for malignant mesothelioma.
Lung Cancer 1995 Mar
PMID:Evaluation of the clinical TNM staging system for malignant pleural mesothelioma: an assessment in 88 patients. 760 28

From June 1985 to March 1993, 20 consecutive patients with histologically proven malignant mesothelioma were treated with cisplatin 100 mg/m2 i.v. infusion on day 1 and vinblastine 6 mg/m2 i.v. on day 1 and 8. Treatment was repeated every 4 weeks until progression. All patients were evaluated clinically and by CT-scan and were staged (Stage IV), according to Butchard's criteria, on entry to the study. None had prior surgical excision. Eighty-one chemotherapy cycles were administered to 20 patients. One complete response, four partial responses, nine stable diseases and six progressions were noted. One partial responder entered complete response following an operation. Toxicity was acceptable and no treatment-related deaths occurred. The median survival for responders was 19.3 months; for patients with stable disease 15.7 months and for non-responders, 5.2 months. The mean duration of response was 13 months. We conclude that for this small group of patients, the combination cisplatin-vinblastine is effective, with acceptable toxicity in malignant mesothelioma. Further study with a larger number of patients is necessary.
Lung Cancer 1994 Sep
PMID:Combination chemotherapy with cisplatin-vinblastine in malignant mesothelioma. 781 8


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>