Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0242379 (lung cancer)
 71,905 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A total of 4,081 patients with various malignant tumours were treated by electrochemical therapy (ECT) at 66 hospitals in China during the period 1987-1992. The clinical effectiveness of ECT was analysed in 2,516 patients who had complete hospital records. The most common malignant tumours treated with ECT was lung cancer (n = 593), skin cancer (n = 401), liver cancer (n = 388) and breast cancer (n = 228). Two thousand one hundred and twenty-four patients were followed up for 1 to 5 years. Survival rates were 84.3% for 1 year, 79.1% for 2 years, 63.5% for 3 years, 57.8% for 4 years, and 46.6% for 5 years. The 5-year survival for T1 and T2 stages was significantly better than for T3 and T4 stages (66.7% vs. 27.1%, p < 0.05). The short-term objective response (complete and partial response) was 78.1%. ECT is indicated in patients who are unsuitable for operation and radio- or chemotherapy due to old age, and who suffer from general weakness, or insufficiency of vital organs.
 ...
PMID:Advances in the treatment of malignant tumours by electrochemical therapy (ECT). 753 Oct 17

Results from three cancer registries (Chiang Mai, Khon Kaen, and Songkhla) in different regions of Thailand and from a cancer survey in the population of Bangkok during the years 1988-1991 are presented, together with an estimate of the incidence of cancer for the country as a whole. Overall, liver cancer is the most frequent malignancy, but there are large regional differences in incidence and in histological type, with very high rates of cholangiocarcinoma in the northeast (associated with endemic opisthorchiasis) but a more even distribution of hepatocellular carcinoma. Lung cancer is second in frequency, with the highest rates in northern Thailand, where the incidence in women (Age Standardized Rate, 37.4 per 100,000) is among the highest in the world. A link with tobacco smoking is suggested by similarly raised rates, especially in women, for cancers of the larynx and pancreas. Cervical cancer is the most common malignancy in women, with relatively little regional variation in risk, while the incidence of breast cancer is low. Other cancer sites showing moderately increased rates include the lip and oral cavity, particularly in females from the north and northeast, where the chewing of betel nut remains common among older generations, nasopharyngeal cancer, carcinoma of the esophagus in the southern region, and penile cancer, especially in the north and northeast. Previous studies which have investigated the etiological factors underlying these patterns are reviewed, and the implications for future research and for national cancer control policies are discussed.
 ...
PMID:Cancer incidence in Thailand, 1988-1991. 754 2

Risk of cancer mortality from 1973 to 1985 in persons born in the Indian subcontinent who migrated to England and Wales was analysed by ethnicity, and compared with cancer mortality in the England and Wales native population, using data from England and Wales death certificates. There were substantial highly significant raised risks in Indian ethnic migrants for cancers of the mouth and pharynx, gall bladder, and liver in each sex, larynx and thyroid in males, and oesophagus in females. There were also substantial raised risks in these migrants of each sex for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and myeloma. For the mouth and pharynx, and liver in each sex, and gall bladder in females, there were also raised risks of lesser magnitude in British ethnic migrants. For colon and rectal cancer and cutaneous melanoma in each sex, ovarian cancer in women and bladder cancer in men, there were appreciable significantly reduced risks in the Indian ethnic migrants not shared by those of British ethnicity. Appreciable raised risks in British ethnic migrants not shared by those of Indian ethnicity occurred for nasopharyngeal cancer in males, soft tissue malignancy in both sexes and non-melanoma skin cancer in males. In migrants of both ethnicities there were appreciable significantly raised risks in each sex for leukaemia and decreased risks in each sex for gastric cancer, for lung cancer except in females of British ethnicity and in males for testicular cancer. The results suggest the need for public health measures to combat the high risks of oral and pharyngeal cancers and liver cancer in the Indian ethnic immigrant population of England and Wales, by prevention of betel quid chewing and hepatitis transmission respectively. The data also imply that early exposures or early acquired behaviours in India, or exposures during migration, may increase the risk of leukaemia and reduce the risks of gastric and testicular cancers in the migrants irrespective of their ethnicity. Aetiological studies would be worthwhile to investigate the reasons for the sizeable decreased risk of colon and rectal cancer and increased risk of gall bladder cancer in each sex and the increased risk of thyroid and laryngeal cancer in males and oesophageal cancer in females of Indian ethnicity but not of British ethnicity who have migrated from the Indian subcontinent.
 ...
PMID:Cancer mortality in Indian and British ethnic immigrants from the Indian subcontinent to England and Wales. 757 89

Mortality data gathered through registration system were analyzed systematically to predict the trend of cancer mortality. A grey-system model was established to forecast the epidemic trend for cancer mortality of Beijing in 2001. In result, the mortality of cancer in Beijing will increase annually upto 2001. The composition of various malignant tumer will charge notably. Rapid increase will occure in lung cancer. Liver cancer and colon-rectal cancer will aslo increase. Cancers of esophagus and cervix uteri will steadly decline. Stomach cancer begin to decrease. These information on the change of cancer mortality will provide scientific reference for the study of cancer prevention and control in Beijing.
 ...
PMID:[Trend and prediction of cancer mortality in Beijing, China, during 1980-2001]. 758 95

This study presents the risk of various cancers in relation to ginseng intake based on the data from a case-control study conducted in the Korea Cancer Center Hospital. Ginseng intakers had a decreased risk [odds ratio = 0.50, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.44-0.58] for cancer compared with nonintakers. On the type of ginseng, the odds ratios for cancer were 0.37 (95% CI = 0.29-0.46) for fresh ginseng extract intakers, 0.57 (95% CI = 0.48-0.68) for white ginseng extract intakers, 0.30 (95% CI = 0.22-0.41) for white ginseng powder intakers, and 0.20 (95% CI = 0.08-0.50) for red ginseng intakers. Intakers of fresh ginseng slice, fresh ginseng juice, and white ginseng tea, however, showed no decreasing risk. There was a decrease in risk with the rising frequency and duration of ginseng intake, showing a dose-response relationship. On the site of cancer, the odds ratios were 0.47 for cancer of the lip, oral cavity, and pharynx; 0.20 for esophageal cancer; 0.36 for stomach cancer; 0.42 for colorectal cancer; 0.48 for liver cancer; 0.22 for pancreatic cancer; 0.18 for laryngeal cancer; 0.55 for lung cancer; and 0.15 for ovarian cancer. In cancers of the female breast, uterine cervix, urinary bladder, and thyroid gland, however, there was no association with ginseng intake. In cancers of the lung, lip, oral cavity and pharynx, and liver, smokers with ginseng intake showed decreased odds ratios compared with smokers without ginseng intake. These findings support the view that ginseng intakers had a decreased risk for most cancers compared with nonintakers.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:Preventive effect of ginseng intake against various human cancers: a case-control study on 1987 pairs. 765 37

Using French mortality data for the period 1979 to 1985, risks of death for cancer in Swiss migrants were calculated relative to these in the locally born. In the absence of valid population data for Swiss migrants, risks were estimated using a case-control approach, considering as cases cancer deaths at one specific site, and as controls all other deaths. In order to evaluate the change in risks after migration, death risks in Switzerland, compared to French natives, were calculated using a Poisson regression. For most of the cancer deaths, the risk in Swiss migrants is intermediate between that of their country of origin and that of the host country. Compared with French-born, Swiss migrants maintain however a significantly higher risk for lung cancer, urinary bladder cancer and melanoma in males, for breast cancer in females, and for non-Hodgkin lymphomas in both sexes. In contrast, the risk is significantly lower for liver cancer in male Swiss migrants. The observed differences are interpreted in the light of the available consumption data in both countries.
 ...
PMID:[Cancer mortality among Swiss migrants in France]. 789 14

Three hundred ninety patients who underwent thymectomy for myasthenia gravis (MG) were followed up to investigate the development of associated malignancies. There were 102 patients with thymoma and 288 without thymoma. Malignant neoplasms were detected in ten patients, four of whom already had the tumor at the time MG was diagnosed. Thus, malignancy developed after thymectomy in six patients. Malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH) developed in three patients, as well as gastric cancer, gastric leiomyosarcoma, rectal cancer, liver cancer, lung cancer, breast cancer, and thymic carcinoid in one patient each. Nine of the ten malignancies developed in the thymoma group, and only one in the non-thymoma group. The predicted number of patients with malignancy was 2.63 in the thymoma group and 2.65 in the non-thymoma group. Our findings suggest that the presence of thymoma facilitates the occurrence of extrathymic malignancy, and that thymectomy never enhances the occurrence of malignancy but possibly inhibits it.
 ...
PMID:Thymectomy and malignancy. 804 87

In this lecture, importance of growth factors in reproductive functions and cancer growth are discussed. Among many kinds of growth factors, epidermal growth factor (EGF) and transforming growth factor (TGF)alpha are mentioned; both of these are called as EGF family because these share a common receptor (EGF receptor) and show similar biological activities. It is known that growth factors are important in reproductive fields. They play vital roles in the follicle development and the endometrial proliferation in response to estrogen. We studied the expression and role of EGF and TGF alpha in human fallopian tube. Immunohistochemical and RT-PCR studies revealed the menstrual stages specific synthesis and expression of EGF and TGF alpha in tubal epithelial cells. They were abundant at the late follicular and luteal stages, were little at the early follicular stage, suggesting that these growth factors are expressed in response to estrogen. We, next, examined the role of these factors in early embryo development using mouse embryos. Embryo development was significantly improved when embryos were co-cultured with human tubal epithelial cells. However, the favorable effects of the tubal epithelial cells were almost completely abolished by the addition of anti-EGF and -TGF alpha neutralizing antibodies. These facts suggest that EGF and EGF alpha expressed in human epithelial cells promote embryo development in a paracrine manner. Autocrine mechanisms by growth factors are known to be important on cancer cell growth. Among many kinds of autocrine mechanisms TGF alpha/EGF receptor autocrine mechanism is the most commonly expressed in many kinds of cancers such as lung cancer, esophageal cancer, pancreas cancer and liver cancer.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:[Growth factors in gynecology]. 808 8

Mortality among Aborigines tribes in Taiwan from malignant neoplasms in the 1971-80 and 1981-90 decades were analyzed. Sex and tribe specific standardized mortality ratios were calculated from death certificate data and compared with the number of expected deaths derived from the cancer mortality of the entire population of Taiwan. Mortality due to oral cancer was statistically significantly higher than expected among Paiwan men in the 1971-80 decade and among Paiwan women from 1971-80 and 1981-90; as was mortality from nasopharyngeal cancer among Bunun, Paiwan and Rukai men from 1981-90 and among Bunun and Paiwan women from 1971-80 and 1981-90; mortality due to stomach cancer among the Atayal, Bunun and Paiwan people from 1971-80 and 1981-90, among Rukai men from 1971-80 and among the Tsou and mixed group women from 1981-90; mortality from liver cancer among Atayal and Bunun men in 1971-80, among Bunun women from 1971-80 and 1981-90 and among Paiwan women in 1981-90; mortality due to nasal cavity, middle ear and paranasal sinuses cancer among Rukai men from 1981-90; and mortality due to bone cancer among Tsou men and Atayal women from 1981-90. Mortality due to colorectal cancer was statistically significantly lower than expected among mixed group men from 1971-80 and in Atayal women from 1981-90; as was mortality from lung cancer among Atayal men and Paiwan women from 1971-80 and among Paiwan and mixed group men in the 1981-90 decade. Overall, the standardized mortality ratio of all cancers in aborigines was a little higher than in the general population of Taiwan. However, differences for ratio or site existed in different tribes.
 ...
PMID:[Cancer mortality analysis among aborigines in Taiwan]. 808 73

Recent observations have suggested that radon in the ambient air may cause cancers at sites other than the lung, but the evidence is indirect. We have studied site-specific cancer mortality in 4320 uranium miners in West Bohemia who have been followed-up for an average of 25 years, and in whom a four-fold radon-related excess of lung cancer has already been established. For all cancers other than lung cancer the number of deaths observed was slightly greater than that expected from national rates, but the increase was not significant statistically (ratio of observed to expected deaths [O/E] = 1.11, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.98-1.24) and mortality did not increase with duration of employment underground or with cumulative exposure to radon. Non-lung cancer mortality was significantly raised among men who started mining work aged under 25 but the increase was not related to cumulative radon exposure. When twenty-eight individual sites and types of cancer were examined, significantly increased risks were found for cancers of the liver (O/E = 1.67) and gallbladder and extrahepatic bile ducts (O/E = 2.26). For liver cancer, mortality did not increase with duration of employment underground or with cumulative radon exposure. For cancer of the gallbladder and extrahepatic bile ducts, mortality did not increase with duration of employment, but increased with cumulative exposure to radon. Mortality from multiple myeloma, although not significantly increased overall (O/E = 1.08), increased with cumulative exposure to radon. Mortality from leukaemia was not increased overall (O/E = 0.91) and was not related to cumulative radon exposure, but did increase with increasing duration of employment in the mines. There is no evidence in these miners that a radon-rich atmosphere increases the risk of any cancer other than lung cancer. Possible exceptions are cancer of the gallbladder and extrahepatic bile ducts and multiple myeloma but further study is needed before it can be concluded that the associations found are causal.
 ...
PMID:Radon exposure and cancers other than lung cancer among uranium miners in West Bohemia. 810 Mar 10


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>