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Query: UMLS:C0242379 (lung cancer)
 71,905 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The case of an 81-year-old ex-smoker male diagnosed with chronic bronchitis and undergoing treatment for pulmonary tuberculosis who presented a left iliac psoas abscess of torpid evolution is herewith reported. The detection of aerobic, anaerobic, fungal and mycobacterial microorganisms was repeatedly negative and was finally found to be an abscessed metastasis of epidermoid lung cancer. The aspects related to psoas abscess, muscular metastasis of bronchogenic carcinoma and the association between tuberculosis and lung cancer are discussed.
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PMID:[A left iliac psoas abscess in a patient treated for pulmonary tuberculosis]. 762 94

The immune response is impaired in patients with malignancy, and radiation therapy (RT) can exacerbate the cancer induced-attenuation of immune response. In order to search for the fine mechanisms behind the RT-induced attenuation of cell-mediated immune response, we measured the number of lymphocytes in peripheral blood, its subsets, and lymphoblast transformation induced by phytohemagglutinin (PHA), purified protein derivatives (PPD), mitogenic monoclonal antibody anti-CD3, and mitogenic combination of anti-CD2 antibodies 9-1 and 9.6 before and after RT in 19 patients with squamous cell lung cancer. Radiation therapy significantly decreased the total numbers of lymphocytes, CD-3, CD-4, and CD8-positive lymphocytes in peripheral blood. However, RT did not change the percentages of lymphocytes and its subsets. Radiation therapy increased the percentage of interleukin 2 (IL-2) receptor-positive lymphocytes, and RT significantly decreased in vitro lymphoblast transformation by PHA, PPD, or monoclonal antibodies to T-cell surface antigens (anti-CD2 or anti-CD3). In vitro incubation with IL-2 did not increase lymphoblast transformation by anti-CD3 before RT but significantly increased after RT. In conclusion, we suggest that one of the fine mechanisms behind the RT-induced suppression of immune responsiveness of patients with lung cancer is a defect in IL-2 synthesis by lymphocytes.
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PMID:The effect of radiation therapy on immune function in patients with squamous cell lung carcinoma. 790 22

To better understand the relationship between specific chromosome changes found in human lung tumors and their phenotypic consequences a the tissue level, an in situ hybridization (ISH) procedure of chromosome 17 and immunohistochemistry of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) were done. The deparaffinized sections were stained with pericentromeric probes for chromosome 17 and an immunohistochemical study of a monoclonal antibody against PCNA were performed. The numbers of chromosome signals were than compared with the positivity of PCNA expression. The mean numbers of chromosome were 1.62 in normal lymphocytes and 2.48 in lung cancer cells. Tumors showed a high mean positivity of PCNA of 43.4%. Mean PCNA expression was higher in squamous carcinomas than in adenocarcinomas (p < 0.05). A linear correlation between numbers of ISH signals and PCNA expression was not demonstrated, but there was a tendency of increasing PCNA positivity according to increasing numbers of ISH signals in adenocarcinomas of the lung and the tumor tissues which were over 50% positive PCNA expression. There was no linear correlation between numbers of ISH signals, PCNA positivity and tumor stages, and keratinization of squamous cell lung cancer. These results suggest that ISH will prove to bo an important tool for determining the underlying genetic basis for tissue phenotypic heterogeneity by allowing genetic determinations to be made on paraffin-embedded tissue sections where histologic architecture is preserved, and immunohistochemical nuclear staining with anti-PCNA on routinely processed tissue is a simple technique for the assessment of proliferation in non-small cell lung carcinoma.
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PMID:A comparative study on aberrations of chromosome 17 and proliferating cell fraction in lung cancer. 791 Oct 24

Two patients presented with intraluminal T1N0 squamous cell lung cancer. Poor lung function precluded surgical resection and/or external radiotherapy. They were treated up to 3 times with high-dose rate brachytherapy (10 Gy at 1 cm each session) with curative intent. Follow-up has been 54 and 25 months. Brachytherapy is an effective and well-tolerated bronchoscopic treatment alternative with a curative potential in patients with small T1N0 intraluminal lung cancer.
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PMID:High-dose rate brachytherapy has a curative potential in patients with intraluminal squamous cell lung cancer. 804 21

Multivariate models of survival have been established for both small cell and non-small cell lung cancers. So far, no study has focussed on squamous cell types. Previous demonstrations of the prognostic value of the tissue polypeptide antigen (TPA) and, partially, of the carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) are based on univariate analyses of survival. These analyses do not account for the other prognostic factors. In the present study, we report the combined influence of various clinical and biological characteristics on the survival duration of 360 patients with a newly diagnosed squamous cell carcinoma of the lung. The study comprised 29 variables, including age, sex, smoking habit (SH), symptoms at diagnosis, the Karnofsky performance status (KPS), weight loss (WL), radiological findings, various disease extent parameters (DEP), CEA and TPA. Preliminary univariate analyses showed that 20 variables were survival-related. The Cox proportional hazards regression analysis selected stage of disease, KPS, TPA, WL, the existence of bone metastases, and SH as independent factors of prognosis (global chi-square: 122.40, P = 0.0000). A second multivariate analysis, performed with the same covariates but excluding DEP, revealed previous pulmonary diseases and CEA to be, in addition to KPS, TPA, SH, and WL the next most influential prognostic determinants. Also in squamous cell lung cancer, classifications based on the Cox's prediction equation may improve individual counseling and patient selection for therapeutic trials. In this malignancy, TPA shows an independent and strong prognostic significance while CEA shares informations of diverse other prognostic factors and seems to be less important.
Lung Cancer 1993 Oct
PMID:Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), tissue polypeptide antigen (TPA) and other prognostic indicators in squamous cell lung cancer. 806 1

Pathogenesis consists of a discussion of the role of oncogenes and suppressor genes on small-cell lung cancer and non-small-cell lung cancer as well as the external factors of smoking (active and passive), asbestos, and radon. Pathology consists of discussion of squamous cell lung cancer, adenocarcinoma and bronchoalveolar carcinoma, large cell carcinoma (including giant cell and clear cell variants), and neuroendocrine tumors. Mesotheliomas are discussed as is the role of monoclonal antibodies in diagnosis.
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PMID:Pathogenesis and pathology. 838 61

To clarify the value of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) ploidy analysis, we prospectively studied single-parameter flow cytometric findings of fresh tissue from 272 patients with primary non-small-cell lung cancer from whom adequate tissue from the lung cancer was available. The mean age of the patients was 65.5 years; 65.8% were men. Histologic types were as follows: adenocarcinoma, 107 (39.3%); squamous cell, 100 (36.8%); large cell, 56 (20.6%); adenosquamous, 8 (2.9%); and giant cell, 1 (0.4%). Histologic grades were as follows: I (well differentiated), 15 (5.5%); II, 100 (36.8%); and III, 157 (57.7%). American Joint Committee on Cancer stages were as follows: I, 151 (55.5%); II, 38 (14%); III, 74 (27.2%); and IV, 9 (3.3%). Survivals at 1 year and 3 years were 74.2% +/- 2.8% and 52.4% +/- 4.8%, respectively. For non-squamous cell lung cancer, multivariate analyses with the Cox proportional hazards regression model for survival showed (1) that increasing American Joint Committee on Cancer stage (p < 0.001), male gender (p = 0.02), and histologic grades II and III (p = 0.04) were of independent (negative) prognostic significance and (2) that the presence and absence of DNA aneuploidy (p = 0.91), the classification of DNA histogram (p = 0.81), the DNA index (p = 0.46), and the results of cell cycle analysis in tumors with no aneuploidy (S phase, p = 0.23; S + G2M, p = 0.62) were of no prognostic significance. For squamous cell lung cancer, multivariate analyses showed that increasing American Joint Committee on Cancer stage (p = 0.003) and increasing DNA index (p = 0.009) were of independent (negative) prognostic significance.
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PMID:Prognostic significance of flow cytometry in non-small-cell lung cancer. 839 5

Results of microscopical examination of airway material (sputum, bronchoscopy) were analysed in 563 patients with lung cancer. Bronchoscopic material was examined from all patients, while sputum only from 352. Sputum was always analysed prior examination of bronchoscopic material cancer cells were found in material from lower airways in 366 patients (65%), correct cell typing was achieved in 286 (78.1%). Cancer cells were present in the sputum in 28.1% of the analysed patients and in 60% of the material obtained during bronchoscopy. In 178 patients with squamous cell lung cancer, cancer cells were found in 64.9% while correct cell typing was found in 83.4%. In 183 patients with small cell lung cancer, neoplastic cells were found in 72.6% of the cases while correct cell typing was achieved in 88.7%. In 144 patients with adenocarcinoma cancer cells were found in 53.4% while correct typing was present in 64.9%. In 18 cases of large cell lung cancer, cancer cells were present in 50%, and correct cell typing was achieved in 22.2%. Differences were statistically significant between small cell lung cancer and adenocarcinoma. Correct cell typing was statistically more often significant in patients with squamous cell lung cancer or SCLC in comparison with the other types. Significant results of positive cytology was found when analysing localisation of the tumor. In cases of central tumor cytology was positive in 60% of the cases, while in peripheral tumors it was positive only in 43.9% of the cases. The size of the tumor did not affect the sensitivity of the cytological examination.
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PMID:[Usefulness of microscopic examination of bronchial cellular material for lung cancer diagnosis and determination of cell type]. 849 82

CYFRA 21-1 was evaluated in 115 untreated patients with malignant pleural effusions (96 with primary lung cancer and 19 with non lung cancer) and 99 patients with benign pleural effusions. The levels of pleural fluid CYFRA 21-1 were from 1 to 385 times higher than those in serum, in all the examined patients. The mean level of pleural fluid CYFRA 21-1 was significantly higher in cancer patients than in patients with benign pleural effusion (96.1 ng/ml vs 26.2 ng/ml, p < 0.001). At 92% specificity for benign pleural effusion (> 50 ng/ml) the overall sensitivity of CYFRA 21-1 in malignant pleural effusions was 69.6%. When the histology was considered the highest sensitivity was found in squamous cell lung cancer (90%), followed by adenocarcinoma cell lung cancer (74%), non lung cancer (54%) and small cell lung cancer (25%). These results indicate that CYFRA 21-1 could be a useful pleural fluid marker in discriminating benign from malignant pleural effusion and particularly from those due to squamous and adenocarcinoma cell lung cancer.
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PMID:Evaluation of CYFRA 21-1 in malignant and benign pleural effusions. 871 50

Tumour oxygenation status in individual patients may be assessed using the bioreduction and linkage of 2-nitroimidazole markers to viable hypoxic cells in vivo with subsequent detection by conventional nuclear medicine techniques. Iodoazomycin arabinoside (IAZA) was radiolabelled with Iodine-123 and administered i.v. to 51 patients with newly diagnosed malignancies whose tumours were subsequently imaged by planar and single-photon emission computed tomographic (SPECT) procedures. Quantitative analyses of radiotracer avidity were performed at 24 h post-injection and tumour-normal tissue ratios of greater than 1.10 were deemed positive for tumour hypoxia. By this criterion, the frequencies of hypoxia in small-cell lung cancer, squamous cell carcinomas of head and neck and malignant gliomas were 60% (9/15), 40% (6/15) and 0% (0/11) respectively. The correlation of positive IAZA scans with tumour control and survival in patients with lung cancer and head and neck tumours is currently under study. Preliminary observations in neck metastases from squamous cell carcinoma of head and neck tumours indicates decreased local control at 3 months post-treatment in tumours with IAZA avidity. This study concludes that: (1) 123I-IAZA can be administered safely and repeatedly as an outpatient routine imaging procedure in cancer patients during initial work-up and follow-up; (2) that retained drug can be detected by conventional nuclear medicine procedures in inaccessible deep-seated tumours; and (3) that this technique could prove useful for identifying those patients for whom hypoxia-directed therapy is indicated.
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PMID:Measurement of hypoxia in human tumours by non-invasive spect imaging of iodoazomycin arabinoside. 876 82


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