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Query: UMLS:C0242379 (lung cancer)
 71,905 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In the Wroclaw province in the years 1976-1980 basing on the analysis of 1,351 medical records pulmonary tuberculosis and lung cancer was coexistent in 224 cases (17%). Erroneous diagnosis of tuberculosis instead of lung cancer was made in 35 patients (1% of all tuberculosis cases). Out of 224 cases with coexistent tuberculosis and lung cancer, 38 were registered in the active tbc groups, while 82 in the non-active group. In 44% of the patients with the coexistent tbc and lung cancer and 34% of the patients with the erroneous diagnosis of tbc the first contact doctor (general practitioner) made the correct diagnosis. Patients from ambulatory care groups IIB, IA and non-active tbc are at high risk of developing lung cancer.
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PMID:[Tuberculosis and lung cancer]. 184 87

Commonly recorded blood analyses as indicators of low- and-high risk patients with lung cancer were studied by comparing symptom- and survey-detected patients. During the period 1976-1985, in 41 of 189 non-small-cell lung cancer patients in Western Norway, lung cancer was detected by chest X-ray survey performed in the preventive tuberculosis screening programme. After adjusting for other variables, including developmental stage, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) was the only blood analysis which discriminated symptom-detected patients (high ESR) from survey-detected patients (low ESR). Survey-detected patients had a better short-term survival. In multivariate survival analyses leucocyte count, lactate dehydrogenase activity and ESR were significant prognostic factors, in addition to advanced stage and detection due to symptoms. We conclude that common blood analyses such as ESR provide supplementary information concerning low- and high-risk lung cancer patients.
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PMID:Blood analyses and survival in symptom- and survey-detected lung cancer patients. 185 Dec

In 1901, 20% of autopsied subjects in Trieste were under the age of 30 and 28.8% were over 70. By 1985, only 0.2% were under 30 years of age and 74.5% over 70. An analysis of autopsy reports for 1901 reveals that the primary causes of death at that time were tuberculosis (22.4%), acute pulmonary infections (13.7%) and malignant neoplasms (10.6%). Other pathological conditions found at autopsy were infectious lesions (10.4%), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (10.2%), arteriosclerosis (only 6.4%), syphilis (4.7%), nutritional deficiency (4.7%), cirrhosis of the liver (4.6%) and acute infections (1.1%). Overall, infectious diseases accounted for 55% of deaths in 1901. In 1985, the cause of death was infection in only 3.7% of cases. During the period analysed, the percentage of deaths from cancer tripled and mean length of survival increased by more than 20 years. In 1901, the neoplasms found most frequently were gastric cancer in males (17.9%) and cancers of the uterus and ovary in females (both 13%). Lung cancer accounted for 7.7% of all deaths from malignant neoplasms in males, and breast cancer for 10.8% of such deaths among females. By 1985, lung cancer accounted for 32.4% of deaths from malignant neoplasms among males and breast cancer for 18% among females. Between 1901 and 1985, there were highly significant increases in the numbers of deaths due to arteriosclerosis and to malignant neoplasms in people of each sex.
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PMID:Changes in underlying causes of death during 85 years of autopsy practice in Trieste. 185 46

Since 1940, 760 cases of silicosis have been diagnosed as part of the State of North Carolina's (NC) pneumoconiosis surveillance program for dusty trades workers. Vital status was ascertained through 1983 for 714 cases that had been diagnosed since 1940 and death certificates were obtained for 546 of the 550 deceased. Mortality from tuberculosis, cancer of the intestine and lung, pneumonia, bronchitis, emphysema, asthma, pneumoconiosis, and kidney disease was significantly increased in whites. Mortality from tuberculosis, ischemic heart disease, and pneumoconiosis was significantly increased in non-whites. The standardized mortality ratio (95% CI) for lung cancer based on U.S. rates was 2.6 (1.8-3.6) in whites, 2.3 (1.5-3.4) in those who had no exposure to other known occupational carcinogens, and 2.4 (1.5-3.6) in those who had no other exposure and who had been diagnosed for silicosis while employed in the NC dusty trades. Age-adjusted lung cancer rates in silicotics who had no exposure to other known occupational carcinogens were 1.5 (.8-2.9) times higher than that in a referent group of coal miners with coalworkers' pneumoconiosis (CWP) and 2.4 (1.5-3.9) times higher than that in a referent group of non-silicotic metal miners. Age- and smoking-adjusted rates in silicotics were 3.9 (2.4-6.4) times higher than that in metal miners. This analysis effectively controls for confounding by age, cigarette smoking, and exposure to other known occupational carcinogens, and it is unlikely that other correlates of silica exposure could explain the excess lung cancer mortality in the silicotics.
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PMID:Silicosis and lung cancer in North Carolina dusty trades workers. 186 18

We describe a patient in whom a tuberculous postpneumonectomy empyema developed 4 years after resection for lung cancer. The clinical presentation was dominated by non-specific constitutional symptoms, without any chest complaints. A computed tomographic scan of the chest suggested inflammation in the postpneumonectomy space. Ultimately Mycobacterium tuberculosis was cultured from material aspirated by needle thoracocentesis. To our knowledge this is the first report of a tuberculous postpneumonectomy empyema complicating resection for cancer.
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PMID:Occult tuberculous postpneumonectomy space empyema four years after lung resection. 192 56

"The Captain of all these men of death," wrote John Bunyan in 1680, "that came against him to take him away, was the Consumption, for it was that that brought him down to the grave." Until the twentieth century tuberculosis, or the Consumption, was the foremost cause of death among adults. It had not been recognized as a specific infectious process until 1882. The sanatorium movement for segregation and treatment of tuberculous patients originated in the late nineteenth century. Locations in the mountains were thought to be especially favorable, for the sake of fresh air, sunshine, and the aromas of pine and spruce. Long before the epidemic of lung cancer, or the possibilities of correction for cardiac disease, development of thoracic surgery was closely intertwined with the history of the sanatoriums. All of them had disappeared, however, soon after the middle of the twentieth century.
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PMID:Tuberculosis, the Adirondacks, and coming of age for thoracic surgery. 192 50

IgG antibodies against purified cord factor (trehalose-6,6'-dimycolate, TDM) in sera of 99 patients infected with mycobacteria (42 patients with tuberculosis excreting tubercle bacilli in the sputum, 11 patients with non-tuberculous mycobacteriosis excreting acid-fast bacilli in the sputum, and 46 patients without bacilli in the sputum but diagnosed as having pulmonary tuberculosis by chest X-ray films and physical examination), five patients with lung cancer, and 100 healthy controls which included subjects positive and negative for the tuberculin test were tested by the ELISA with TDM purified from Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv as the antigen. Of the 99 cases of mycobacteriosis, 83 patients (83.8%) had positive results (48 samples from 53 patients, or 90.5%, with bacilli in the sputum, and 35 samples from 46 patients (76%) with tuberculosis diagnosed clinically). The sera of the five patients with lung cancer and the 100 controls all gave negative results. Thus, the sensitivity and specificity were 83.8% and 100%, respectively. ELISA with TDM as the antigen is simple, reproducible, and useful for the rapid serodiagnosis of general mycobacterial infections including tuberculosis, because it does not involve the cultivation of bacteria.
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PMID:Rapid serodiagnosis of human mycobacteriosis by ELISA using cord factor (trehalose-6,6'-dimycolate) purified from Mycobacterium tuberculosis as antigen. 193 Nov 32

The mortality of 724 subjects with silicosis, first diagnosed in 1964-70 in the Sardinia region of Italy, was followed up through to 31 December 1987. Smoking, occupational history, chest x ray films, and data on lung function were available from clinical records for each member of the cohort. The overall cohort accounted for 10,956.5 person-years. The standardised mortality ratios (SMRs) for selected causes of death (International Classification of Diseases (ICD) eighth revision) were based on the age specific regional death rates for each calendar year. An excess of deaths for all causes (SMR = 1.40) was found, mainly due to chronic obstructive lung disease, silicosis, and tuberculosis with an upward trend of the SMR with increasing severity of the International Labour Office (ILO) radiological categories. Twenty two subjects died from lung cancer (SMR = 1.29, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) = 0.8-2.0). The risk increased after a 10 and 15 year latency but the SMR never reached statistical significance. No correlation was found between lung cancer and severity of the radiological category, the type of silica (coal or metalliferous mines, quarries etc), or the degree of exposure to silica dust. A significant excess of deaths from lung cancer was found among heavy smokers (SMR = 4.11) and subjects with airflow obstruction (SMR = 2.83). A nested case-control study was planned to investigate whether the association between lung cancer and airway obstruction was due to confounding by smoking. No association was found with the ILO categories of silicosis or the estimated cumulative exposure to silica. The risk estimate for lung cancer by airflow obstruction after adjusting by cigarette consumption was 2.86 for a mild impairment and 7.23 for a severe obstruction. The results do not show any clear association between exposure to silica, severity of silicosis, and mortality from lung cancer. Other environmental or individual factors may act as confounders in the association between silicosis and lung cancer. Among them, attention should be given to chronic airways obstruction as an independent risk factor for lung cancer in patients with silicosis.
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PMID:Mortality from lung cancer among Sardinian patients with silicosis. 199 6

Circulating levels of the soluble interleukin 2 receptor (sIL-2R) could provide an in vivo measure of the immunologic response to human tumors. We performed a total of 326 sIL-2R serum assays in 126 patients with lung cancer (67 at diagnosis, 59 during and after treatment), 112 patients with pulmonary benign diseases, and 63 voluntary healthy subjects. Patients with lung cancer had a median value of sIL-2R of 791 U/ml, which was superior to that of both controls (398 U/ml, p less than 0.001) and patients with noninflammatory benign diseases (583 U/ml, p less than 0.02). However, infectious pulmonary disorders, such as tuberculosis and pneumonia, were associated with the highest values of the substance (median, 1150 U/ml; p less than 0.001). At the diagnosis of lung cancer, sIL-2R correlated neither with the stage of disease nor with the cell type. On the contrary, posttreatment levels of the receptor were significantly related to disease status (RO = .41, p less than 0.002), particularly in the subgroup of nonsurgical patients (RO = .48, p less than 0.001). Patients with abnormal sIL-2R levels had a nearly significant reduction in survival as compared with patients with normal values (p less than 0.1). Measurements of sIL-2R could be useful in monitoring patients under treatment for bronchogenic carcinoma, as well as in prognostication. In this setting, sIL-2R might open a new class of biologic markers, providing information that is complementary to those of the more classic tumor-derived markers.
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PMID:Soluble interleukin 2 receptor in lung cancer. An indirect marker of tumor activity? 203 27

As a result of the changing epidemic situation of tuberculosis, collective chest fluoroscopy as a method to detect pulmonary tuberculosis is becoming increasingly inadequate, and "symptom-dependent case finding" should be taken as the chief means for detection of the disease in our district. However, in collective units with high detected rates and in populations of high prevalence or in combination with general survey of lung cancer, regular fluoroscopic chest examination is an important route to discover patients with pulmonary tuberculosis.
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PMID:[Surveillance of case findings of pulmonary tuberculosis]. 209 Mar 45


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