Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0242379 (lung cancer)
 71,905 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

To evaluate the usefulness of anti-T6 monoclonal antibody cell analysis in the assessment of diffuse lung disease, 77 bronchoalveolar lavages (BAL) were performed on 70 subjects: 18 normal smokers, 14 normal nonsmokers, 30 patients with chronic interstitial lung diseases (15 sarcoidosis, 12 idiopathic or associated pulmonary fibrosis, 3 histiocytosis X) and 8 patients with diffuse lung neoplastic disorders. The percentage of T6-positive cells was significantly higher in normal smokers than in normal nonsmokers (p less than 0.05). Positive T6 cells were absent or less than 1% in normal subjects, in patients with interstitial lung diseases and in patients with diffuse lung cancer, except in a case of desquamative interstitial pneumonitis, who had 2% of reacting cells. In contrast, such cells were always 3% or higher in the 6 BAL performed in histiocytosis X patients (p less than 0.05).
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PMID:Bronchoalveolar lavage analysis with anti-T6 monoclonal antibody in the evaluation of diffuse lung diseases. 263 45

The authors analysed 116 hospitalized patients who, in their routine cytologic examination of the sputum, had also a cytomorphologic finding of lymphocytes. The greatest majority of these patients, 63 of them or 54.3% suffered from malignant neoplasm. Out of these 63 patients, 53 of them or 45.7% suffered from primary bronchial carcinoma, whereas 10 patients or 8.6% had non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, metastatic lung cancer of extrathoracic primary localization, Hodgkin's lymphoma, while two patients were supposed to have lung neoplasm. Our study also revealed that 14 patients (out of 116 hospitalized patients) or 12.0% suffered from broncho-pleuropneumonia, 13 or 11.2% from an active pulmonary tuberculosis, 7 or 6.0% from a chronic obstructive bronchitis, 5.1% from sarcoidosis, 3.4% from post tuberculosis pulmonary changes while 2.5% of the patients were found to have a pleural empyema. One case of bronchial asthma, tuberculous pleurisy, bronchiectasis, hamartoma, hemoptysis and a pulmonary infarction were found as well. Due to their own experience the authors conclude that the lymphocytes in the sputum were found to be the most frequent in patients suffering from primary bronchial carcinoma, broncho-pleuropneumonia and pulmonary tuberculosis but that they could also be found in many others pathologic changes of pulmonary parenchyma.
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PMID:[Lymphocytes in sputum]. 263 95

A review of 131 cases of coexistent sarcoidosis and malignancy indicates that this association is not fortuitous: 1) A nonrandom sample of tumor types is observed. 2) The chronic active type of sarcoidosis is involved much more often than the subacute self-healing type. 3) The temporal relationship between sarcoidosis and subsequent malignancy is not a random one, at least not in malignant lymphoproliferative disease, in which sarcoidosis almost invariably precedes malignancy. 4) The observed incidences of malignant lymphoproliferative disease and of lung cancer are significantly higher than expected. The association of sarcoidosis and malignant lymphoproliferative disease is so constant that the existence of a sarcoidosis-lymphoma syndrome is suggested, in which the chronic active type of sarcoidosis appears to be responsible for an increased risk of malignant transformation of lymphoid cells.
Sarcoidosis 1989 Mar
PMID:Coexistence of sarcoidosis and malignant disease: causality or coincidence? 234 27

Severe hypercalcemia is a potentially life-threatening complication of several diseases. Most commonly it is caused by cancers that enhance bone resorption. Impaired renal calcium excretion resulting from a combination of volume contraction and calcium-induced renal injury (nephrocalcinosis) plays a critical role in the genesis and aggravation of hypercalcemia. Treatment of hypercalcemia is based on treating the underlying disease, restoring extracellular volume, correcting electrolyte deficiencies (potassium and magnesium), and reducing bone resorption. Several measures are available to reduce bone resorption, of which the most efficacious are the bisphosphonates and plicamycin (mithramycin). One of these agents in combination with volume expansion can reduce serum calcium concentrations to near normal in most patients within 3 to 6 days. Because of the delayed hypocalcemic action of these agents, they should be administered early. Calcitonin has a more modest hypocalcemic action than the bisphosphonates or plicamycin but has a more rapid effect. Combining calcitonin with plicamycin or a bisphosphonate can enhance the rate of decline of the serum calcium level. Bone resorption also can be reduced by getting patients out of bed to stand or walk. Glucocorticoids may be effective in patients with hypercalcemia associated with high levels of vitamin D, such as sarcoidosis, some lymphomas, or vitamin D intoxication. Patients with mild to moderate hypercalcemia may be asymptomatic. Therapy in these patients should be directed at the primary disease as well as at preventing complications that could raise the level of serum calcium. Efforts should be made to prevent volume contraction and prolonged bed rest. Sedatives and narcotic analgesics, by reducing activity and oral intake, can raise serum calcium levels. In the future it may be possible to predict which patients with cancer are likely to develop accelerated local tumor-mediated or humorally mediated osteolysis. For example, high circulating levels of PTH-like peptides in patients with lung cancer might suggest a greater risk of developing hypercalcemia. These patients could be monitored more closely by periodically measuring urinary calcium. Another prophylactic approach would be to treat patients at risk of developing hypercalcemia with drugs, such as the bisphosphonates, that inhibit bone resorption.
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PMID:Treatment of hypercalcemia. 267 75

A set of 620 patients was examined. Out of them, 245 suffered from lung carcinoma of different type and stage, 28 suffered from other malignant tumors, 37 were affected with benign tumors, and 166 were suffering from a nonmalignant respiratory disease (tuberculosis, nonspecific pneumonia, chronic bronchitis, abscesses, cysts, asthma, lung fibrosis, bronchiectasis and sarcoidosis). In addition to these patients, 144 blood donors were examined who represented the control group of healthy individuals. In a blind test another set of 266 persons was examined. By completing the values of selected markers (orosomucoid, prealbumin, glycoprotein electrophoresis, erythrocyte sedimentation, age of the individual, and the number of smoked cigarettes) into the discrimination rule and by calculating the discrimination function, a sensitivity of 80.6% and a specificity of 75.6% were obtained. A comparative cytological examination of the same set revealed lower sensitivity (61.0%) but higher specificity (98.0%). These values were verified in a blind test, as the patients were admitted to the hospital. Sensitivity in lung cancer was found to be 83.9%; in nonmalignant diseases the respective value was 77.1%. This approach can be applied to individuals suspect of cancer, in secondary prevention and in individuals with a high risk of lung cancer.
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PMID:The contribution of discrimination analysis to the diagnostic decision in patients with lung carcinoma. 273 12

We examined interlobar (between upper and middle lobes) lymph node enlargement by compensating filter hilar tomography in cases of central vein type right upper lobe vein. The control group consisted of 100 randomly selected specimens, in which hilar lymphadenopathy such as malignant lymphoma or sarcoidosis, and displacement of interlobar fissure due to atelectasis or tuberculosis were excluded. Eighty-four of the control cases were central vein type. As a lung cancer group, 18 cases were analyzed. These cases consisted of central vein type, and interlobar lymph node enlargement was noted on operation, in the course of therapy or on enhanced CT study. The right hilum bordered by the upper lobe bronchus (medial to the orifice of B1) and segmental bronchus (B2 or B3) above, central vein lateral and intermedial arterial trunk on the mediastinal side were evaluated. The shadows that obscured the inner margin of the central vein and lower margin of the upper-lobe and segmental bronchi were analyzed. The inner margin of the central vein was visible in 75 cases (89.3%) in the control group, compared to 1 (5.6%) of 18 cases in the lung cancer group. Decreased radiolucency beneath the upper lobe bronchus and segmental bronchus was found in 10 cases (11.9%) in the control, compared to 16 cases (88.9%) in the lung cancer group. In conclusion, obliteration of the inner margin of the central vein and the opacity that decreased the radiolucency extending to the peripheral side of the upper lobe bronchus are strongly suggestive of interlobar lymph node enlargement. Recognition of interlobar lymph node enlargement is useful for the staging of lung cancer and diagnosis of the disease that accompanies systemic hilar lymphadenopathy.
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PMID:[Analysis of interlobar (between upper and middle lobes) lymph node enlargement on hilar tomography]. 279 66

Biopsy specimens of the major bronchus of sixty-nine patients with sarcoidosis were investigated electronmicroscopically. 22 patients (12 males, 10 females), 32% of the cases, showed concentric lamellar or similar kinds of dense bodies in the bronchial wall. Typically, the concentric lamellar bodies were observed in various numbers, scattered in the collagen-increased tunica propria or superficial submucosal layer, where adjacent or deeply located blood capillary vessels were mostly obliterated. They were generally of 0.2 to 1.8 micron in size, but occasionally smaller ones were observed. We also found large swollen and irregular lamellated bodies greater than 2 microns in the cell cytoplasm. Six cases with particularly large numbers of these bodies in the bronchial wall showed "capped" figures, in which the concentric lamellar bodies were partly attached to other demilunar dense bodies. These figures were assumed to be the very early stage of formation of conchoidal bodies at the LM level, so-called Schaumann bodies. Two cases (5%) (chronic bronchitis, lung cancer) among 40 control patients with other diseases disclosed the same small lamellated bodies in the bronchial wall. We were unable to resolve the problem of the origin of these deposited in them, but assume that they will initially occur in the cell cytoplasm in some patients with sarcoidosis and eventually develop into typical concentric lamellar bodies.
Sarcoidosis 1987 Sep
PMID:Ultrastructural studies of concentric lamellar bodies in the bronchus of patients with sarcoidosis. 282 99

In 68 patients with pulmonary diseases such as lung cancer (n = 32), sarcoidosis (n = 21) and chronic bronchitis (n = 15), kininase II (EC 3.4.15.1) (KII) was fluorimetrically (F-LKII) and the albumin concentration (LALB) spectrophotometrically measured in native unconcentrated bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. For comparison in serum, the KII was also spectrophotometrically (SP-SKII) and fluorimetrically (F-SKII) determined. In all patients, the mean (means) +/- SD F-LKII activity was 0.2 +/- 0.4 U/L, the LALB concentrations 0.17 +/- 0.44 g/L, and the resulting specific F-LKII activity was 3 +/- 3 U/g LALB. The highest elevations of LALB concentrations were determined in lung cancer. The highest activities of F-LKII, F-SKII, and SP-SKII were observed in sarcoidosis. A significant linear relation was found between F-LKII and LALB (R = 0.60, P less than 0.0002) and also between F-SKII and SP-SKII (R = 0.88, P less than 0.0001), but no relation could be established between F-SKII and F-LKII, indicating that the KII measured in lavage was not identical with the KII found in serum.
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PMID:Kininase II in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and serum of patients with pulmonary disorders. 283 49

A traditional Chinese remedy, Qing-Fei-Tang (Seihai-to, T90), has been used for treatment of chronic respiratory diseases with long-lasting cough and sputum, e.g. chronic bronchitis. We examined the effect of T90 and its main component flavonoid, baicalein, on the lucigenin-dependent chemiluminescence (CL) and leukotriene B4 (LTB4) synthesis of human alveolar macrophages (AM). AM were obtained by bronchoalveolar lavage from patients with various respiratory diseases, including sarcoidosis, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, bronchial asthma, chronic bronchitis and lung cancer. CL were observed by stimulating 1 x 10(5) AM with phorbol myristate acetate in the presence of lucigenin. LTB4 were generated by incubating 1 x 10(6)/ml AM with Ca ionophore A23187 for 30 min and determined by reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography and radioimmunoassay. T90 (0.2-2.0 mg/ml) and baicalein (0.1-100 microM) inhibited both CL and LTB4 production of AM in a dose-dependent fashion. These inhibitory effects were not due to cytotoxic effects of the procedure because neither 2 mg/ml T90 nor 100 M baicalein affected the viability of AM nor lactate dehydrogenase release from AM. These results suggest that T90 exerts its effect on inflammatory lung diseases through the anti-inflammatory action, i.e. inhibiting the oxidative and arachidonate metabolism of local inflammatory lung cells.
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PMID:Effects of qing-fei-tang (seihai-to) and baicalein, its main component flavonoid, on lucigenin-dependent chemiluminescence and leukotriene B4 synthesis of human alveolar macrophages. 285 72

Mean values for serum angiotensin-I-converting enzyme (SACE), determined spectrophotometrically in 648 subjects, using the synthetic substrate hippuryl-L-histidyl-L-leucine, and expressed in units per milliliter, were: controls, 11.11 +/- 3.97 (n = 89); lung cancer, 6.50 +/- 3.26 (n = 87); tuberculosis of the lung, 8.93 +/- 4.60 (n = 68); pulmonary sarcoidosis, 21.18 +/- 14.93 (n = 48); pneumonia, 9.81 +/- 6.83 (n = 52); fibrosis, 11.18 +/- 8.26 (n = 34); diabetes mellitus, 10.90 +/- 7.51 (n = 29); ischemic heart disease, 8.98 +/- 6.19 (n = 42); pulmonary embolism, 13.20 +/- 3.91 (n = 5); and lymphomas, 11.66 +/- 5.44 (n = 36). The lowest values for SACE (5.92 +/- 1.95) were observed in 7 patients with pulmonary metastases. No relationship could be found between SACE and other laboratory parameters, nor between the enzyme activity in men and women. Evidence suggests that low SACE activity is often associated with extrapulmonary cancers of various organs. Levels were significantly decreased in cancer of the lung and pulmonary metastases and significantly (p less than 0.001) increased in sarcoidosis compared with other diseases, suggesting that SACE activity may be of value in the diagnosis and prognosis of cancer of the lung.
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PMID:The value of angiotensin-I-converting enzyme determinations in malignant and other diseases. 299 Jul 99


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