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Query: UMLS:C0242379 (lung cancer)
 71,905 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A 62-year-old man was diagnosed as having sarcoidosis on the basis of uveitis, and the findings of bronchial alveolar lavage and transbronchial lung biopsy, in April 1988. He was admitted to hospital in September 1990, because of left hemiplegia. The chest X-ray film on admission revealed a new mass shadow in the left S6 and some increase of nodular shadows in both lung fields. A bronchial biopsy from the left B6 bronchus revealed small cell lung cancer. Although he was treated with whole brain irradiation and combination chemotherapy, he died of respiratory failure after three months. Speculations about the association between sarcoidosis and lung cancer have been made, but the mechanism is not understood, and their co-existence in the same patient is rare.
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PMID:[A case of small cell lung cancer occurring in a patient with pulmonary sarcoidosis]. 133 60

We evaluated the occurrence and type of malignant tumors in 148 patients with sarcoidosis followed at the Okayama University Hospital. Nine patients had malignancies; in 2 of 9 patients the development of malignancy preceded that of sarcoidosis, and one patient presented with sarcoidosis and malignancy at the same time. Six patients developed six types of malignancy following the development sarcoidosis; one case each of stomach cancer, lung cancer, breast cancer, thyroid cancer, testicular tumor, laryngeal cancer, and chronic lymphocytic leukemia. There was no significant difference between sexes (3 males and 3 females). The mean age of the cancer group at the onset of sarcoidosis was 56 years, which was significantly higher (p less than 0.05) than that of the control group. In these 6 patients, the mean interval from onset of sarcoidosis to detection of cancer was 11.7 years (range 1.5 to 30.2 years). The relative risk of malignancy was calculated based on the data for 148 patients with sarcoidosis with a total of 1371 person-years. The expected incidences of cancer for all sites and specific sites were estimated by applying age- and sex-adjusted person-years. The observed incidence of cancer was significantly (p less than 0.05) greater than the expected incidence for thyroid cancer, laryngeal cancer, and leukemia. No significant difference in incidence was found for all sites or for the other sites of cancer. The increased cancer incidence in sarcoidosis may be secondary to immunological abnormalities associated with this disease.
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PMID:[Malignancies in patients with sarcoidosis]. 140 74

The 10 kDa Clara cell protein was measured in serum and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) from 39 healthy subjects (14 smokers, 25 nonsmokers) and from 41 patients with respiratory disease (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), sarcoidosis, lung cancer). Clara cell protein appears as one of the most abundant respiratory tract derived proteins, with values averaging 7% of the total protein content of lung lavages from healthy nonsmokers. A significant reduction of Clara cell protein was found in BAL from smokers and patients with COPD or lung cancer. The same pattern of change was found in the concentrations of Clara cell protein in serum. Pulmonary sarcoidosis did not affect absolute values of Clara cell protein in lung lavages but was associated with elevated levels in serum. Changes in lung lavage Clara cell protein differed from that of albumin, beta 2-microglobulin or the secretory component, since the latter were unaffected by smoking or COPD but increased in sarcoidosis and lung cancer. These results indicate that Clara cell protein in BAL or serum might serve as a sensitive indicator of nonciliated bronchial cell dysfunction.
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PMID:Clara cell protein in serum and bronchoalveolar lavage. 148 70

The uptake of gallium 67 (67Ga) into cells is postulated to be through transferrin receptors (TFR) of 67Ga combined with transferrin. We studied the relationship between gallium 67 citrate scanning (67Ga scan) and immunohistochemical TFR expression in lungs of nine patients with lung cancer and eight patients with diffuse interstitial lung diseases. We found that lung cancer tissues of positive 67Ga scan expressed TFR, but those of a negative scan did not. In all of the five patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), TFR were expressed on the membrane of alveolar macrophages that formed clusters. However, TFR were not expressed in lymphocytes, neutrophils, type 2 alveolar epithelial cells, and endothelial cells. In two patients with sarcoidosis and a patient with pneumoconiosis, TFR were expressed positively only on the membrane of foamy alveolar macrophages and epithelioid cells of granuloma. These findings suggest that 67Ga-citrate initially combines with transferrin in the blood and then the complex is incorporated into cells through TFR. Therefore, 67Ga scan could be positive when cells have TFR and one should be able to observe cancer cells, clusters of alveolar macrophages, and epithelioid cells through the imaging of 67Ga scan in lung cancer and diffuse interstitial lung diseases.
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PMID:Relationship between gallium 67 citrate scanning and transferrin receptor expression in lung diseases. 164 43

A 63-year-old man with pulmonary sarcoidosis, diagnosed by mediastinal lymph node biopsy in 1977, was admitted in Feb. 1987 because of shortness of breath and cough. Chest X-ray showed bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy and a tumor shadow in the right lung field. Histological examination of specimens biopsied from the right lung revealed small cell carcinoma (S.C.C.). Bronchoalveolar lavage was performed to evaluate the disease activity of sarcoidosis, and the total number of cells and T-lymphocytes; the ratio of CD4+ cells to CD8+ cells was not increased. He was treated with combination chemotherapy, however, he died of respiratory failure after 7 months. An autopsy was performed, and the lesions were examined histologically. The sarcoid lesion in a lymph node obtained at autopsy was not active, in contrast to that obtained by mediastinal lymph node biopsy. Lung cancer and sarcoidosis are both common diseases, but their coexistence in the same patient is not common, and autopsied cases are rare. In this case, an autopsy was performed, and BAL had been performed prior to his death. The relationship between the BAL findings and the histology of sarcoidosis was examined. Based on the results of autopsy and BAL, the sarcoidosis was inactive prior to death, but had been histologically active 10 years previously. Therefore, this is a very interesting case, since we can examine the relationship between the two diseases, and the progression of each disease. This case also provides an interesting example of differentiation of sarcoidosis from S.C.C. Metastatic invasion of the hilar lymph nodes without bronchial stenosis and changes secondary to stenosis may often occur in patients with small cell lung cancer. Such metastatic invasion closely resembles the bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy of sarcoidosis; therefore, in some cases, it may be extremely difficult to differentiate the two diseases.
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PMID:[A case of small cell lung cancer associated with pulmonary sarcoidosis]. 166 44

The lungs have an important role in the synthesis of angiotensin I converting enzyme (ACE). In BAL fluid and serum the ACE activity was determined in 18 patients with sarcoidosis (11 with high intensity and 7 with low intensity alveolitis), 14 patients with lung cancer and 16 with acute bronchitis. The activity of ACE was examined by a reagent set produced by Boehringer Mannheim Biochemica Test-Combination ACE cat. no. 789/011. The ACE activity in the high intensity alveolitis group of sarcoidosis patients was significantly increased in BAL fluid and serum in comparison to other observed patients. On the other hand, in patients with lung cancer the ACE activity was also increased in comparison to acute bronchitis and referred norms, especially in BAL fluid. This findings suggest a role of neoplastic process in ACE secretion in the airways. Very low correlation observed between ACE activity in serum and BAL fluid indicates a separate mechanism of secretion.
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PMID:[Activity of angiotensin I converting enzyme in serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of patients with sarcoidosis and lung neoplasms]. 166 48

This study is to calculate a risk of lung cancer in a cohort of 1411 sarcoidosis cases which were followed for a 3 year period from 1984 to 1987. The physicians were requested to answer the questionnaire about progress of the disease by mail. Excess death was investigated using standardized mortality ratio (SMR). The expected number of deaths was calculated from Japanese sex-age specific mortality rate in 1985, using person-year method. Death from all causes and cancers did not show any excess. SMR being 0.98 and 0.97 respectively. The SMR of lung cancer was 3.26 (male: 5.56, female: 3.03), being statistically significant. The SMR of lung infection was 4.2, with statistical significance. The SMR of other main causes of death in Japan i.e., cerebrovascular accident, ischemic heart diseases and heart failure was less than 0.88. It is probably that sarcoidosis is a risk factor of lung cancer. The SMR of leukemia and uterine cancer was 5.88 and 8.70, respectively, though the observed number of leukemia was too small to conclude how high the cancer risk is among sarcoidosis patients. Gastric cancer, hepatic cancer and colon cancers were not observed.
Sarcoidosis 1991 Mar
PMID:Excess death of lung cancer among sarcoidosis patients. 166 41

The relative risk of mesothelioma associated with different levels of exposure to asbestos was evaluated. The exposure was assessed from work histories of 51 mesothelioma cases and 51 sarcoidosis referents. The lung fiber concentration of the mesothelioma patients was compared with that of two reference groups (13 random autopsy cases and 43 male lung cancer patients). When the categories definite and probable were used as an estimated probability of occupational exposure, an odds ratio of 17.7 [90% confidence interval (90% CI) 3.4-253] and 3.0 (90% CI 0.9-10.6), respectively, was obtained. A lung fiber concentration of greater than 1 million fibers/g of dry tissue as an indicator of accumulated exposure gave an odds ratio of 14.4 (90% CI 2.5-178) for the men in comparison with the autopsy cases and 3.1 (90% CI, 1.3-7.5) in comparison with the lung cancer patients. Elevated risk of mesothelioma was shown to be associated with a lung fiber concentration of greater than 1 million fibers/g of dry tissue.
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PMID:Relative risk of mesothelioma associated with different levels of exposure to asbestos. 178 34

Transbronchial needle aspiration biopsy is an endoscopic pulmonary procedure used to diagnose a variety of pulmonary conditions including staging patients with lung cancer and identifying nodules, masses, and benign disorders such as sarcoidosis. Transbronchial needle aspiration biopsy is a safe procedure, performed primarily with local anesthesia combined with intravenous sedation. With the anticipation of this procedure being widely used, more endoscopy nurses will be exposed to this technique. This article is intended to educate nurses and technicians about the procedure of transbronchial needle aspiration and its instruments.
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PMID:Transbronchial needle aspiration. 193 64

Chronic upper lobe cavitary lung disease may be caused by infections, emphysema, cystic fibrosis, lung cancer, sarcoidosis and rheumatologic syndromes. The diagnostic evaluation includes a complete history, a physical examination, a chest radiograph, and sputum examination and culture. In some cases, computed tomographic scanning and biopsy are required.
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PMID:Chronic upper lobe cavitary lung disease. 198 87


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