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Query: UMLS:C0242379 (lung cancer)
 71,905 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We invented a stereoscopic localization apparatus for early diagnosis of lung cancer, facilitating fine needle aspiration biopsy especially for the deep-situated small lesion of the lung. Under X-ray, the stereoscopic localization of the three dimensions, posteroanterior sagittal and frontal plane, and transverse section of the body with small lesions can be soon established accurately with the apparatus. 227 percutaneous aspiration biopsies of lung lesions were performed by using the apparatus from 1985 to 1989. Of the 206 patients, 180 had lung lesions less than 3cm in size, and in 89.6% of the patients positive diagnosis was obtained by the first puncture biopsy. Satisfactory specimens were obtained in 96.6% of the biopsies. 26 malignant lesions about 1cm in diameter were localized, punctured and diagnosed accurately. They were subsequently confirmed surgically and pathologically. Mild pneumothorax occurred in 19 patients, and it subsided spontaneously.
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PMID:[A stereoscopic localization apparatus for early diagnosis of lung cancer and its clinical application]. 128 11

Tissue pathologic and cytologic examination of 47 cases with suggestive extrabronchial bronchogenic carcinoma using the four technics of transbronchial needle aspiration (TBNA), bronchial biopsy, brushing and washing through the fiberoptic bronchoscopy were reported. For any one case, any one or more of the above said technic showed positivity will be regarded as positive case. The results showed that the total positive rate was 82.9%. The diagnostic rate of using TBNA alone was 68.1% that of bronchial biopsy 63.8% and bronchial brushing 70.2% (P > 0.05), but obviously higher than the bronchial washing (34.0%) (P < 0.05). Thus the deficiency of any one above said technic will be complemented by one of the other technics. The results also showed that TBNA is especially suitable for use in the squamous and small cell types of lung cancer. Complications of pneumothorax or bleeding were not found with the TBNA technic. We, therefore, recognize that the TBNA is one of a high positive rate, easily performed and with few complications diagnostic technic for extrabronchial bronchogenic carcinoma, and it should be recommended for clinical application.
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PMID:[The diagnostic value of transbronchial needle aspiration in patients with extrabronchial bronchogenic carcinoma]. 133 70

Eighteen lung cancer patients with a pneumothorax complication were studied. Pneumothorax appears rarely in lung cancer patients, having been found in 18 out of 5567 (0.32%) at our hospital over a period of ten years. Of the 18 patients, eight had adenocarcinoma, seven epidermoid carcinoma and three alveolar cell carcinoma. Unlike those of previous reports, our results showed pneumothorax not to be found exclusively on the same side as the lung cancer. It was contralateral in five cases. Pneumothorax was the initial manifestation of lung cancer in three cases and occurred as a complication in another 15. Of these 15 patients, 11 were described as developing pneumothorax between one and twelve months after completion of radiation therapy for lung cancer. Another two patients developed pneumothorax following cytotoxic chemotherapy. Pneumothorax occurred prior to any treatment for lung cancer in the remaining two patients. The factors contributing to pneumothorax in the lung cancer patients were the rupture of the necrotic neoplastic tissue into the pleural cavity, the rupture of a subpleural bleb or the formation of interstitial air due to partial bronchial obstruction by the tumor, complications arising from radiation therapy and cytotoxic chemotherapy, or any combination of such factors. Pneumothorax was an ominous sign for the lung cancer patients. Most (12/14) died within six months of the onset of pneumothorax.
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PMID:Primary lung cancer complicated with pneumothorax. 151 68

Papers in the review period have investigated the reasons why radiologists frequently overlook early lung cancers and have demonstrated that the rate at which radiologists falsely categorize a solitary pulmonary nodule as benign, through the use of commercially available CT phantom densitometry is higher than was previously believed. Attempts have also been made to find CT characteristics other than density that may help to distinguish benign from malignant nodules. A number of articles have addressed methods of improving the yield and reducing the pneumothorax rate following needle biopsy of pulmonary nodules. The major role of the radiologist when evaluating patients with known or probable lung cancer is to stage the tumor. The recent literature describing the accuracy of CT and MR imaging in staging lung cancer is also reviewed.
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PMID:Radiology of lung cancer. 152 81

Current videoendoscopic technology and percutaneous techniques of exposure and dissection have been successfully applied to abdominal surgery with favorable results. Application of this technology to our practice of thoracoscopy is the basis of this report. Videothoracoscopy has been performed in 39 patients for the following indications: chronic pleural effusion, interstitial lung disease, mediastinal lymphadenopathy in lung cancer, persistent air leak after decortication, mediastinal mass, recurrent spontaneous pneumothorax, hydropneumothorax with persistent air leak, and pleural-based mass. The technique we employ includes lateral decubitus positioning and double-lumen endotracheal intubation with ipsilateral lung collapse. The videoscope, retractors, and instruments are introduced through separate 10-mm incisions. Percutaneous manipulation of instruments and the videoscope is guided by images produced on television screens without dissection, and if resection is performed, the incision is enlarged to allow specimen retrieval. Procedures performed using this technique include pleural biopsy, partial pleurectomy, lysis of adhesions, lung biopsies, staging lymph node biopsy, lung nodule biopsy, pleural-based mass resection, and mediastinal mass biopsy and resection. This videoendoscopic technique greatly improves visualization of thoracic anatomy, facilitating thoracoscopy and enhancing exploration of the chest. It is preferred over conventional thoracoscopy and, in some patients, reduces the magnitude of operation by avoiding thoracotomy.
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PMID:Videothoracoscopy: improved technique and expanded indications. 157 Sep 69

The results of 4 pathologically proven advanced lung cancer patients treated by CT guided percutaneous intubation of chemotherapeutic agent into the tumor are reported. Multidrug chemotherapy using mitomycin, cisplatin, cyclophosphamide or 5-Fu was given in a total of 11 treatments. All patients had symptomatic improvement with tumor reduction. There was no incidence of pneumothorax and other side reactions were mild. The authors believe that direct intervention chemotherapy of lung cancer is an effective and safe treatment of choice in advanced cases.
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PMID:[CT guided direct intervention chemotherapy of lung cancer]. 157 13

The laser palliation of patients with unresectable lung cancer has an acceptable complication rate. Perforation, bleeding, and pneumothorax are the main complications described. Cardiovascular morbidity has been reported to be 1% in six surgical series and has been attributed to general anesthetics or hypoxia. However, one very recent anesthesia study described a 25% incidence, and two case reports inferred an air embolism. We reviewed 62 patients who have undergone 111 treatments for endobronchial carcinoma. Eight manifested perioperative cardiac or cerebral events. Five of the eight developed bradycardia; four experienced progression to intraoperative cardiac arrest. Other electrocardiographic abnormalities appeared and resolved within 24 hours. Four patients developed stroke and electrocardiographic changes. Two of these resolved spontaneously within 1 month. Early computed tomography in one patient showed intracerebral air. These data indicate that patient disease or hypoxemia is not sufficient to explain intraoperative cardiac and postoperative cerebral changes. Air embolism to the cerebral circulation occurs during laser bronchoscopy. Reduced cooling air flow, return to helium fiber cooling, or reversion to photodynamic therapy is indicated.
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PMID:Cardio-cerebrovascular complications from Nd:YAG laser treatment of lung cancer. 167 Feb 39

Pulmonary resections for the treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis are decreasing, and nowadays most of them are for the open lung biopsy to make histological diagnosis, because differentiation between tuberculosis, AM and lung cancer is critical. In 1980-1990 forty-three patients, in whom the diagnosis was not established by conventional diagnostic methods, had pulmonary resections for open lung biopsy because of abnormal chest X-ray shadows. Of these, 31 (72%) were non-tuberculous (lung cancer 8, hamartoma 7, lung abscess 5, fungus infection 3, sclerosing hemangioma 2, bronchogenic cyst 2, and others 4, and 12 (28%) were tuberculous or AM. The type of chest film abnormality was solitary pulmonary nodule (coin lesion) in 9 out of 12 patients with tuberculosis or AM, in all eight patients with lung cancer and in 14 out of 23 patients with other diseases. In patients with coin lesions, the incidence of lung cancer was as high as 50% when the diameter was more than 21mm, while it was only 11% when it was 20mm or less. 24 patients with tuberculosis or AM complicated by lung cancer or other diseases were resected. There were 8 smear or culture positive patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis (or AM) (Group 1), of whom 7 had lung cancer and 1 pneumothorax. Of 8 patients who were wrongly diagnosed as active pulmonary tuberculosis (Group 2), there were 5 lung cancers and 3 other diseases. In the remaining 8 patients (Group 3) both old tuberculosis and lung cancer coexisted and in 3 they were found in the same lobe.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[The role of surgery in cases of diagnostic difficulty]. 176 56

The role of radiology in the initial detection and diagnosis of primary lung cancer is well established. Recent advances in the detection of lung cancer stem from research into the visual search patterns used by a radiologist when reading a chest radiograph. Computer feedback of "visual-dwell" positions can lead to an increase in true-positive detection of lung nodules and decrease the false-positive rate. Plain film radiography and CT continue as the mainstays for the characterization of lung nodules. New studies involving the use of conventional tomography to detect contrast enhancement of malignant lesions and the use of axial multiplanar reconstruction CT to demonstrate involvement of pulmonary veins by malignant lesions are detailed. Transbronchial and percutaneous transthoracic biopsy techniques are widely used to diagnose the nature of solitary pulmonary nodules. The dependent positioning of the biopsy site has been shown to decrease both the pneumothorax rate and the frequency of chest drain insertion, whereas the blood patch technique was shown not to affect the pneumothorax rate at all.
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PMID:Detection and diagnosis of the primary tumor in lung cancer. 185 67

For preoperative evaluation of chest wall and mediastinal invasion by lung cancer, computed tomography (CT), combined with artificial pneumothorax (pneumothorax CT), was performed in 43 patients with lung cancer in whom conventional CT scans showed that the mass was contiguous to the chest wall (n = 30) and/or mediastinum (n = 25) but without evidence of definite tumor invasion. Invasion was diagnosed on the basis of whether an air space existed between the mass and the adjacent structures. In three patients pneumothorax was not produced. After the procedure, four patients developed symptomatic pneumothorax, and one, subcutaneous emphysema. Comparison of diagnoses based on findings at pneumothorax CT, surgery, and pathologic examination showed that pneumothorax CT is 100% accurate for chest wall invasion and 76% accurate for mediastinal invasion. The authors conclude that this procedure is helpful in accurate evaluation of the T criterion in lung cancer, especially for patients in whom findings at conventional CT suggest tumor invasion of the chest wall and mediastinum.
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PMID:Tumor invasion of the chest wall and mediastinum in lung cancer: evaluation with pneumothorax CT. 188 24


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