Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0242379 (lung cancer)
 71,905 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A 60-year-old man was admitted to our hospital for productive cough. Chest roentgenography and CT scan disclosed a left hilar tumor invading the mediastinum, with mediastinal lymphadenopathy and diffuse micronodular shadows in both lung fields. A biopsied sample of the tumor revealed squamous cell carcinoma, while noncaseating epithelioid cell granulomas were observed in the samples obtained by transbronchial lung biopsy. The granulomas in the pulmonary parenchyma were determined to be sarcoid reactions secondary to lung cancer, since there was no evidence of sarcoidosis. Combination chemotherapy was effective for the tumor, and the granulomas disappeared after completion of the chemotherapy. These findings suggest the presence of a relationship between sarcoid reactions and lung cancer in this case.
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PMID:Primary lung cancer associated with diffuse granulomatous lesions in the pulmonary parenchyma. 891 1

Superior vena cava (SVC) obstruction most often is a complication of malignant tumors such as lung cancer or lymphoma. The common use of long-term indwelling central venous catheters also has added to the prevalence of SVC obstruction. This report describes the first case of SVC obstruction in a patient with cystic fibrosis due to extrinsic compression from benign reactive mediastinal lymphadenopathy. Although in these circumstances intravascular thrombosis should be ruled out, extrinsic compression from mediastinal lymphadenopathy should be considered.
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PMID:Superior vena cava obstruction secondary to mediastinal lymphadenopathy in a patient with cystic fibrosis. 963 30

Video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) has enabled more complex procedures previously requiring thoracotomy to be accomplished in lung cancer management. VATS today can be employed in the evaluation of idiopathic (and known) malignant pleural effusions, mediastinal adenopathy, indeterminate pulmonary nodules, and compromise resection and lobectomy of peripheral stage I non-small cell lung cancer. Thus, VATS is becoming an accepted approach to a variety of intrathoracic problems, although its absolute indications for patients with lung cancer have yet to be firmly defined. This article reviews the authors' current experience with VATS procedures in the treatment of patients with lung cancer.
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PMID:The role of thoracoscopy in lung cancer management. 943 83

A 59-year-old man with lung cancer, peripheral blood leukocytosis and thrombocytosis without peripheral lymphadenopathy and hepatosplenomegaly was found to have pancreatic extramedullary hematopoiesis (EMH) in association with an 'atypical' myeloproliferative disorder. Studies for the Philadelphia chromosome and bcr-abl fusion product were negative. This is the first documented case in the literature of isolated EMH in the pancreas.
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PMID:Isolated pancreatic extramedullary hematopoiesis. 949 May 65

A 59-year-old woman presented with acute-onset, bilateral, painless loss of vision, dysarthria, and ataxia. Ophthalmoscopy showed bilateral optic disc edema. A magnetic resonance scan of the head was normal. Chest radiography showed mediastinal adenopathy. Mediastinoscopy and biopsy identified small-cell carcinoma of the lung. An autoantibody to optic nerve and retina was demonstrated in the patient's serum. An electroretinogram was normal. The patient was diagnosed with a paraneoplastic optic neuropathy and paraneoplastic cerebellar syndrome. After treatment for her lung cancer, the patient remains stable from a visual and neurologic standpoint.
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PMID:Paraneoplastic optic neuropathy and autoantibody production in small-cell carcinoma of the lung. 2110 28

In patients with lung cancer, decisions regarding treatment can depend on the diagnosis of hilar and mediastinal nodal involvement. We prospectively compared the diagnostic value of computed tomography (CT) with that of transtracheobronchial ultrasonography (TUS) in the evaluation of lymphadenopathy. Five patients with resectable lung cancer were studied. TUS was done with EU-M 20 or M 30 and lymph nodes located at #3, #4, #7, ipsilateral #10, and #11 were observed and measured. TUS findings, CT findings, and histological findings were evaluated and compared. The sizes of lymph nodes as measured by TUS were similar to or slightly smaller than their sizes as measured by CT. Hilar lymph nodes and lymph nodes located at right #4 were clearly observed with TUS, but were sometimes unclear with CT. Diagnosis of model involvement by TUS needs further study.
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PMID:[Value of transtracheobronchial ultrasonography in the assessment of mediastinal lymphadenopathy in patients with lung cancer]. 975

Patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus are predisposed to develop a variety of common and uncommon infectious and neoplastic pulmonary diseases. Clinical information that can stratify the risk of occurrence of these pulmonary conditions includes: 1) CD4 cell count-the most important determinant; 2) concurrent antimicrobial therapy; 3) prior travel history; 4) known latent infections that may reactivate: and 5) underlying respiratory disease. Specific pulmonary diseases are discussed including: bacterial pneumonia, bronchitis, mycobacterial and fungal infections, pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, toxoplasmosis, cytomegalovirus, Kaposi sarcoma, lymphoma, and lung cancer. A differential diagnosis can be generated based on the chest radiographic pattern. Focal or multifocal areas of consolidation usually represent conventional bacterial pneumonia or, less commonly, tuberculosis. In severely immunocompromised patients, unusual diseases causing consolidation should be considered including: Rhodococcus infection, nocardiosis, cryptococcosis, aspergillosis, and lymphoma. Nodules can be present in tuberculosis, histoplasmosis, cryptococcosis, and Kaposi sarcoma. Interstitial opacities are common in pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, histoplasmosis, and cytomegalovirus pneumonia. Cavitation and cysts are features of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, tuberculosis, aspergillosis, and lung cancer. Disease of the airways is increasingly recognized in those with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Lymphadenopathy is most common in mycobacterial infection, but can be a feature of fungal infection, lymphoma, Kaposi sarcoma, and lung cancer. The combined use of clinical information, knowledge of typical conditions associated with the human immunodeficiency syndrome, and radiographic patterns offers a useful approach to the diagnosis of pulmonary disease in the patient with the human immunodeficiency virus.
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PMID:Approach to the diagnosis of pulmonary disease in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus. 979 33

With the progress of imaging technologies such as CT and MR imaging, we can obtain various informations from CT and MR images. Especially, thin-section high resolution CT (HRCT) provides very useful information for the diagnosis of mycobacterial infection and other diseases of pulmonary parenchyma. Advantages of MR images over HRCT are higher tissue contrast and multidirection capability. The T2-weighted images and Gd-DTPA enhanced T1-weighted images accurately reflect pathologic structure of the lesion. Therefore, MR images can add many useful findings to CT on the selected cases which are differentiation of tubercloma from lung cancer, chronic empyema from mesothelioma, aspergiloma from lung cancer and lymphadenopathy from lymph node metastasis. We describe the usefulness of MR images for diagnosing mycobacterial infection and its differentiation from other pulmonary diseases.
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PMID:[MR images of mycobacterial infection]. 988 11

A 56-year-old woman who had been given oral prednisolone for iridocyclitis by an ophthalmologist received a diagnosis of pulmonary sarcoidosis on the basis of transbronchial lung biopsy findings, and began receiving therapy at our hospital on an outpatient basis. Chest X-ray films disclosed hilar lymphadenopathy in both lungs. In addition, Holter electrocardiograms detected ventricular premature beat (Lown 4B) and echocardiograms detected reduced left ventricular wall motion with dilatation of the left ventricular chamber. Cardiac sarcoidosis developed in the patient. She was admitted to our hospital because of shortness of breath on exertion. Chest X-ray films on admission disclosed a large nodular heterogeneous mass in the right upper lobe. Histologically, transbronchial lung biopsy specimens of the mass disclosed an adenocarcinoma. Although lung cancer and sarcoidosis are common, their coexistence in the same patient is not. Furthermore, the coexistence of lung cancer with cardiac sarcoidosis, as in this case, is very rare.
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PMID:[Primary lung cancer (adenocarcinoma) associated with cardiac sarcoidosis]. 1043 50

The thoracic surgeon is often called on to diagnose or treat a variety of disorders associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Surgical mediastinal exploration through cervical and anterior approaches is a safe and valuable modality in appropriately selected patients with unexplained mediastinal lymphadenopathy. Open lung biopsy is used in a small subset of HIV-infected patients with undiagnosed diffuse or multifocal pulmonary disease, with an anticipated diagnostic yield of more than 70%. The biopsy can be performed either thoracoscopically or via thoracotomy, based on the expertise and discretion of the surgeon. Open lung biopsy should be used very selectively and in patients with bronchoscopically confirmed diagnoses who are failing optimal medical therapy, because the impact on outcome is minuscule and because open lung biopsy is best avoided altogether in patients with established respiratory failure. Patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) have an increased incidence of pneumothorax, often associated with Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. Depending on the clinical scenario, tube thoracostomy, pleurodesis, or pleurectomy may be used. Thoracic empyema in AIDS patients requires urgent intercostal drainage and close clinical surveillance to discern the need for decortication or rib resection and open drainage. A surgical approach to pyogenic lung abscess or invasive aspergillosis is occasionally useful. Although it is controversial whether the incidence of lung cancer is increased in patients with HIV infection, HIV-positive patients with early stage nonsmall-cell lung cancer who are otherwise surgical candidates should undergo resection, especially in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy.
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PMID:Thoracic surgical spectrum of HIV infection. 1063 16


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