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Query: UMLS:C0242379 (lung cancer)
 71,905 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Scalene node biopsy (SNB) has been performed in patients with lung cancer at the Saint Francis Hospital and Medical Center if any of the following criteria has been present: (1) potentially resectable central lesion by chest radiograph, or (2) significant cardiac or pulmonary dysfunction, thereby placing the patient at increased risk for thoracotomy, or (3) a diagnosis of adenocarcinoma prior to SNB. Within these guidelines, a retrospective study was undertaken to determine the benefit of routine SNB in the absence of clinically palpable scalene nodes. In a 2-year period beginning April 1981, 56 patients (37 males) presented with radiographic evidence of lung carcinoma without clinical evidence of scalene adenopathy. Approximately half of the lesions were of a central position. While the majority had symptoms of cough, hemoptysis, or chest pain, the primary lung lesion was identified on routine chest radiograph in 15 (27%). In only three was there no history of smoking, the remainder having at least a 20-pack-year history of cigarette use. Following a routine evaluation, 57 SNBs were performed alone or in concert with other surgical procedures (mediastinoscopy, bronchoscopy). Of these, only two (3.5%) were diagnostic and indicative of unresectable disease. While in one patient no additional procedure was performed, a simultaneous Chamberlain procedure in the other confirmed that the patient was unresectable for cure. In the remaining patients, tissue diagnosis of cancer was obtained through other maneuvers. Because of the low probability that SNB in the absence of clinically palpable nodes altered the management of lung cancer, we do not believe it to be of benefit in the diagnosis or staging of this disease.
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PMID:Effectiveness of scalene node biopsy for staging of lung cancer in the absence of palpable adenopathy. 399 Mar 11

One-hundred nine patients with limited-stage unresectable non-small-cell lung cancer were treated with Adriamycin--cisplatin-based combination chemotherapy and thoracic irradiation. Of this number, 73 received chemotherapy (one course) prior to irradiation and 37% (27/73) had tumor regression following chemotherapy alone. Sixty-eight percent of patients (73/107) experienced tumor regression following combined chemotherapy and irradiation. Age more than 65 years, a malignant ipsilateral pleural effusion, and no response to chemotherapy alone were all strong negative prognostic factors. Three-year survivals were as follows: all 109 patients, 14.0%; 89 patients without malignant pleural effusion, 17.0%; 71 patients with neither a malignant pleural effusion nor malignant ipsilateral supraclavicular adenopathy, 23.1%.
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PMID:Thoracic radiation therapy and Adriamycin/cisplatin-containing chemotherapy for locally advanced non-small-cell lung cancer. 627 31

Primary lung cancer is divided into two types: peripheral type and hilar or central type. Peripheral lung cancer appears as a solitary mass or patchy shadow and is typically lobulated or irregular in shape. Any regular or scattered calcification within or around the lesion on routine radiographs indicates that it is benign. Hilar or central lung cancer may accompany hilar and mediastinal lymphadenopathy, lobar collapse and consolidation, and pneumonitis distal to a mass in a large bronchus. In addition, it is very important that the metastases of the hilar and mediastinal lymph nodes are detected preoperatively or prior to conservative therapy. On 44 cases of lung cancer pathologically proved, the diagnostic accuracy of the metastases of the hilar or mediastinal lymph nodes is 42.4% preoperatively on routine radiographs.
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PMID:[Radiographic diagnosis of lung cancer and lymph nodal metastasis of the mediastinum]. 630 91

Transesophageal ultrasound endoscopy by the linear array transducer built-in on top of the fiber optic gastroduodenoscope was applied for 13 clinical cases with various mediastinal lesions. It was quite valuable to diagnose mediastinal lesions such as lymphadenopathy in sarcoidosis, lymph node metastasis and direct invasion of lung cancer, dilatation of the diameter of the right pulmonary artery in pulmonary hypertension.
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PMID:Clinical application of ultrasound endoscope using linear array transducer for transesophageal ultrasonographic diagnosis of the disease of the mediastinum. 640 Feb 49

We investigated the efficacy of 2-s breath-holding computed tomographic (CT) scans and standard posteroanterior and lateral chest roentgenograms in staging the mediastinum and pulmonary hill in lung cancer. Fifty-one comparisons were made in 49 patients thought to have non-small-cell carcinoma, consecutively chosen to be free of disseminated tumor, and to be suitable candidates for thoracotomy. The CT scans accurately predicted mediastinal neoplastic lymphadenopathy in 15 or 17 instances of proved mediastinal lymph node metastasis for a sensitivity of 88%; specificity was also high (94%) with a true-negative scan in 32 of 34 instances. Standard chest roentgenograms were much less sensitive (47%) than rapid CT scanning in mediastinal staging; there were false-negative interpretations in 9 of 17 instances. Specificity of the methods was the same. both CT scans and standard chest roentgenograms had a sensitivity of only 67% in detecting neoplastic hilar adenopathy; enlarged hilar nodes were noted in only 10 of 15 patients with proved hilar node metastasis. We concluded from this preliminary study that rapid CT scanning shows promise of being useful in the noninvasive staging of the mediastinum of patients with otherwise operable non-small-cell bronchogenic carcinoma; the technique also provides useful guidance during mediastinoscopy and may detect lymphadenopathy not so visualized, but CT scanning appears to have little advantage over standard posteroanterior and lateral chest roentgenograms in staging the pulmonary hill.
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PMID:Computed tomographic scanning of the mediastinum in the staging of bronchogenic carcinoma. 731 74

A retrospective study of 294 patients with biopsy- or autopsy-proven adenocarcinoma of the pancreas was done. The initial diagnosis of ten patients (3.4%) was primary lung cancer. All ten patients were cigarette smokers. Hilar adenopathy with mediastinal widening was the most common roentgenographic appearance. Tumors of the body and tail of the pancreas more often appeared to be primary lung tumors than did tumors of the head of the pancreas (about 10% vs. about 1%). Adverse consequences of this unrecognized phenomenon may include unnecessary lung surgery for some cancer patients and overreporting of deaths from lung cancer.
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PMID:Metastatic carcinoma of the pancreas simulating primary bronchogenic carcinoma. 742 73

Bronchogenic carcinoma is a cause of parenchymal or hilar masses with or without mediastinal adenopathy in HIV-seropositive smokers. Lung cancer can occur earlier than the more commonly recognized opportunistic infections and in patients not known to be HIV seropositive. Tumor cell types do not differ markedly from those expected in HIV-seronegative young lung cancer patients, but are often poorly differentiated; patients with high-grade malignancies fare poorly independent of their degree of immunocompromise at diagnosis. Computed tomography (CT) scans not only add important information with regard to disease distribution and preferred means of diagnosis, but also result in the detection of new sites of disease with respect to the plain radiography in many patients. Because lung cancer often occurs before the diagnosis of AIDS, the association may not be suspected in some cases; poorly differentiated, rapidly growing tumors in young smokers may raise the suspicion of underlying HIV infection.
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PMID:Bronchogenic carcinoma in 13 patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV): clinical and radiographic findings. 776 38

Mediastinoscopy is an useful tool for mediastinal exploration with minimal surgical trauma. The anatomical and Technical basis of this procedure are simple and safe, and can be adapted to specific purposes. Surgical intervention is performed under general anesthesia and is carried out direct visual inspection. Mediastinoscopy is a diagnostic routine procedure in lung cancer staging and mediastinal adenopathy investigation. Since Carlens described the method of cervical mediastinoscopy, other authors developed new techniques, in order to improve and extend the range of mediatinal exploration. The mediastinoscope and the other tools used to perform the classic mediastinoscopy can also be used to perform pleuroscopy and even the transmediastinal esophagectomy.
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PMID:[Mediastinoscopy: technical aspects and current indications]. 787 25

Cervical mediastinoscopy has an important but limited role in the evaluation of mediastinal adenopathy of the aorticopulmonary window in patients with left lung cancer. Thoracoscopy is another valuable diagnostic procedure in the assessment of mediastinal adenopathy. Combined thoracoscopic and mediastinoscopic evaluation may be more accurate for assessing mediastinal lymph node metastasis in left lung cancer than either procedure alone.
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PMID:Combined thoracoscopy and mediastinoscopy for the evaluation of mediastinal lymph node metastasis in left upper lobe lung cancer. 792 51

Between April 1992 and April 1993, we performed fifty-four mediastinal biopsies in 51 patients with a mediastinal mass. Nine of these had lung cancer with mediastinal lymphadenopathy, and the remaining 42 had various primary mediastinal lesions. We have performed twenty video-assisted thoracic surgical procedure, twenty-six mediastinoscopies, and eight anterior mediastinotomies. In 3 patients the diagnosis was not obtained by mediastinoscopy, and video-assisted thoracoscopy was performed. We conclude that mediastinoscopy is indicated for the majority of lesions involving the peritracheal space. Restaging of lymphoma and highly infiltrative lesions are better managed by video-assisted thoracic surgery. Anterior mediastinotomy is indicated when feasible under local anesthesia for tumors infiltrating the anterior chest wall. In all other cases video-assisted thoracic surgery is preferable because it allows removal of large tissue biopsy specimens and even resection with wide surgical exposure and low operative trauma.
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PMID:Comparative merits of thoracoscopy, mediastinoscopy, and mediastinotomy for mediastinal biopsy. 816 55


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