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Query: UMLS:C0242379 (lung cancer)
 71,905 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A narrow band of counties extending along the southeastern Atlantic coast from Jacksonville, Florida to Charleston, South Carolina were found to have excessively high incidence rates for esophageal cancer in non-white males. White males in the same areas have a 30% higher incidence rate for lung cancer but only average incidence rates were found for non-white males. Selenium is considered to decrease cancer risk in the animal model. In this coastal region, a study of 130 cancer patients who developed a malignancy 2-12 years after baseline examination showed no dose response relationship between baseline serum selenium levels and risk of subsequent cancer.
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PMID:Is serum selenium a risk factor for cancer? 406 2

Cancers of the buccal cavity and the pharynx are not only anatomically related but, except for the nasopharynx, also have risk factors in common. Multifocal occurrence of cancers in the buccal cavity and pharynx must be kept in mind when one is interpreting findings on multiple tumors. However, susceptibility to common risk factors, predominantly alcohol and tobacco, seem to be in operation among males, inasmuch as excess lung cancer followed cancers of the tongue [relative risk (RR) = 2.2], other parts of the mouth (RR = 2.2), and pharynx (RR = 2.0). Among females, lung cancer was in excess after cancers of the tongue (RR = 3.7) and mouth (RR = 3.6). Among males, esophageal cancer was elevated after cancers of the mouth (RR = 4.7) and tongue (RR = 5.7). Other combinations of tobacco-related cancers among males include those of the bladder (RR = 2.5) after cancer of the tongue and larynx (RR = 5.4) after pharyngeal cancer. Common etiologic factors or the multifocal nature of tumors of the buccal cavity might also account for the increases of cancer of the mouth (RR = 2.6) following lip cancer and cancer of the tongue (RR = 14) following mouth cancers among males. Among females, cancer of the mouth (RR = 17) was elevated after tongue, tongue (RR = 31) after mouth, and tongue (RR = 10) after salivary gland tumors. The excess of pharyngeal cancers in women (RR = 19) following cancer of the lip may be explained by common risk factors. Observed deficits of colon cancer following cancer of the lip in males and after tongue and salivary gland tumors in females could reflect low socioeconomic status, although a deficit of stomach cancer among males (RR = 0.1) also followed cancer of the salivary glands.
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PMID:Second cancer following cancers of the buccal cavity and pharynx in Denmark, 1943-80. 408 2

A 10% increased risk of developing a second cancer was observed among approximately 36,000 persons reported to the Danish Cancer Registry with a cancer of the respiratory system during 1943-80. This estimate is markedly influenced by a striking tendency by physicians not to report or the Cancer Registry not to accept a report of a second lung cancer following a primary lung cancer (14 observed vs. 99 expected). A significant 30% excess of all second cancer was seen after laryngeal cancer (368 vs. 282), whereas the 22% excess following cancer of the nasal cavities and paranasal sinuses did not quite reach the level of statistical significance (95% CI = 0.9-1.6). For cancers of the lung and larynx, second cancers arose mainly in the buccal cavity, bladder, kidney (after lung cancer only) and lung (after laryngeal cancer only). These second cancers may be due to common carcinogenic factors, most likely tobacco. Elevated risks of second cancers of the breast, cervix uteri, and other female genital organs were found consistently. Radiotherapy may have contributed to the increased risk of breast cancer, but the excess risk of cancer of the female genital organs other than the cervix was unexpected. Although not significant, the risk of esophageal cancer following cancer of the larynx was below expectation (1 vs. 4.1), which was surprising because alcohol consumption and smoking are thought to be common risk factors for these 2 sites. Significant excesses of pancreatic cancer were observed following cancers of the lung, larynx, and nasal cavities, which might be due to more careful medical surveillance of these patients or to common risk factors such as cigarette smoking. Finally, the risk of a patient developing liver cancer after lung cancer was significantly elevated (22 vs. 11.6). This increase is unlikely to be due to misdiagnosed metastases from the lung, inasmuch as the risk was generally elevated throughout the observation period.
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PMID:Second cancer following cancer of the respiratory system in Denmark, 1943-80. 408 5

The risk of a person developing a second primary cancer was evaluated in approximately 30,000 persons who developed cancer of the respiratory system in Connecticut between 1935 and 1982. A significant 44% excess of all second cancers was observed following cancer of the lung (614 observed vs. 426 expected). The excess of second tumors was 72% following cancer of the larynx (541 vs. 314) and 34% following cancer of the nasal cavities and sinuses (43 vs. 32). For cancers of the lung and larynx, second cancers arose mainly along the respiratory tract or other sites associated with cigarette smoking (oral cavity, bladder, kidney). A threefold excess of esophageal cancer followed cancer of the larynx, which was indicative of risk factors in common (alcohol and tobacco) and possibly an effect of radiotherapy. Radiotherapy may have contributed also to the increased risk of second lung and breast cancers. A slight excess risk of leukemia after lung cancer points to a possible effect of chemotherapy given for certain histologic types. An unexpected finding was a significant 50% increased risk of colon cancer following cancer of the larynx. Significant excesses of prostate cancer are probably artifacts associated with increased medical surveillance and higher autopsy rates among cancer patients than in the general population. No deficits of any second cancers were observed. The risk of a second cancer developing did not appear to vary by sex or time since initial diagnosis, except that the risks following cancer of the nasal cavities and sinuses returned to normal levels among long-term survivors. Among persons observed for 10 or more years after their initial diagnosis of cancers of the lung or larynx, the risk of developing a second cancer remained high, i.e., on the order of 50% above expectation. Further analytic studies should clarify the role of smoking, alcohol, other life-style and host factors, and various forms of therapy on the risk of second cancers following cancer of the respiratory system.
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PMID:Second cancer following cancer of the respiratory system in Connecticut, 1935-1982. 408 14

Two kinds of laser were employed in the treatment of cancers of various organs: a high energy vaporization therapy by a Nd-YAG laser and a photoradiation therapy (PRT) by an argon dye laser (red light with 630 nm wave length) after i.v. administration of hematoporphyrin derivative (HpD). In the former, the lesion was vaporized with a power of 40-80 W with continuous wave or pulse wave transmitted endoscopically. Improved condition was obtained in 59.3% among 27 malignant lesions of the trachea and bronchi. The indications of this method were discussed in relation to the tumor location and type of growth. In PRT the lesion was photoradiated with a power of 100-2,000 mW for 10-30 minutes, 48 hours or more after i.v. injection of 2.5-5.0 mg/kg HpD. PRT was performed in 170 cancer cases consisting of 69 cases of lung cancer, 9 cases of esophageal cancer, 22 cases of gastric cancer, 18 cases of bladder cancer and other 52 cases of various organs. In 29 cases of early stage cancers complete tumor remission was obtained in 65.5%, especially in early stage central type lung cancer. Local effect was obtained in all advanced cases. The method is also available to reduce the extent of resection or to widen the indications of surgery preoperatively. However, there are many problems in PRT such as the activation mechanism of HpD, diagnosis of early stage cancer candidates for PRT, indications and limitations.
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PMID:[Laser and cancer therapy]. 630 65

AT1727 is a derivative of ICRF 154. The purpose of this study was to evaluate its "radiosensitizer" properties. From October 1979 until the end of December 1980, 89 patients with radiation resistant cancers such as soft tissue sarcoma, squamous lung cancer (with large lesion, 6-8 cm diameter) and other cancers had been included in trial. Radiation therapy was carried out using CO60 or 8 Mev Linac. Fifty-five patients had a remarkable objective remission rate of 61.8% (55/89). Eighteen of 30 patients with soft tissue sarcomas obtained obvious remission (60%), and 26 of 38 patients with lung cancer had remission (68.4%). Patients with esophageal cancer (5/6) and nasopharyngeal cancer (5/5) also had good remission rates. The side-effects of this treatment were very mild: anorexia and vomiting were noted in 50% and no significant changes were noted in liver and kidney function tests and blood platelet count. Leucopenia was slight in all but one patient. No difference in the lung fibrosis rate was noted between the two randomized groups. From the results of this study we concluded that AT1727 had some effect as a "radiosensitizer" but much more work is needed to confirm this.
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PMID:Preliminary report on AT1727 as a potential radiosensitizer. 639 23

A cooperative phase II study of vindesine, a new vinca alkaloid, was carried out in 16 major institutions. The selection of patients and evaluation of tumor response were based on the Criteria for the Evaluation of Tumor Response by Chemotherapy in Solid Tumor Patients by Koyama and Saito. Vindesine was administered by i.v. bolus injection at a dose of 3 mg per week. Out of 130 patients who entered into the study, 117 patients were evaluable. Partial responses were obtained in 16 (13.7%) out of 117 evaluable patients, including 7 (17.1%) out of 41 lung cancer, 3 (8.1%) out of 37 breast cancer, 2 (33.3%) out of 6 esophageal cancer, and one each of cervical cancer, liposarcoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, and embryonic tumor. Major side effects were leukopenia (less than 3000/cm) 60.2%, gastrointestinal disturbances 23.6%, neurotoxicity 25.2% and hair loss 14.2%.
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PMID:[A cooperative phase II study of vindesine sulfate in patients with solid tumors]. 661 38

The effects of chemotherapy for lung metastasis in 284 cancer patients using various anti-tumor drugs, including classic ones and modern active agents for the past 18 years, were presented. Lung metastasis for lung cancer was excluded. The response was achieved in cervical carcinoma of the uterus (17/62, 27%), endometrial carcinoma of the uterus (1/7, 14%), colorectal cancer (6/39, 15%), breast cancer (5/28, 18%) and stomach cancer (4/28, 14%). A high response was achieved in myosarcoma (5/12, 42%), testicular cancer (5/11, 45%) and also in ovarian cancer (3/10, 30%). Though there were few cases, a high response was achieved in malignant melanoma (2/3), choriocarcinoma (2/4) and esophageal cancer (1/3). In total patients the response rate was 20%. In these cases a complete response was achieved in 4 cervical cancers; one testicular cancer, ovarian cancer, esophageal cancer and renal cancer, respectively. However, the effect was temporary and no longterm survivor was observed except for one case of renal cancer treated continuously with interferon (3 X 10(6) units daily) and showing complete remission after 7 months of therapy. The effect of chemotherapy for lung metastasis was compared between nodular metastasis (NM) and lymphagiosis carcinomatosa (LC). In cervical carcinoma of the uterus, the response rate in NM (39%) was higher than in LC (11%). However, no difference was observed in breast cancer (NM 15%, LC 13%) nor in stomach cancer (NM 13%, LC 18%).
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PMID:[Chemotherapy for metastatic lung cancer]. 687 21

A good coverage by the Hong Kong Cancer Registry of cases of the common cancers diagnosed in Hong Kong during 1974-78 is indicated by an excess of cases over deaths registered, which is according to expectation from survival prospects. The trends during 1961-79 showed a rapid increase in mortality from lung cancer in both sexes, a moderate rise in liver cancer in males, and small increases in esophageal cancer in males and colon cancer in females. Cervical cancer was the only neoplasm that showed a decreasing trend, although this was small in proportion. Some epidemiological observations on cancer arising in the lung, liver, larynx, and nasopharynx are presented.
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PMID:Cancer in Hong Kong: some epidemiological observations. 716 94

The relationship between gastrointestinal cancers and genetic influence was investigated. The subjects examined were 1211 cancer cases and 781 non-cancer cases registered to the 1st Department of Surgery of Kagoshima University Hospital from 1972 to 1980. The results were as follows: 1. Malignant cases were found in 266/1211 (22.0%) in the families of cancer probandus. Incidence was significantly (P less than 0.01) higher than that [130/781 (16.6%)] in those of non-cancer probandus. 2. Malignant cases were found in 79/356 (22.2%) in the families of gastric cancer probandus and in 51/189 (27.0%) in those of colo-rectal cancer probandus. 3. The relationship between cancer probandus and malignant cases in the families was classified according to the vertical relationship (grandparents-parents-uncle and aunt-probandus-children) and the horizontal relationship (probandus-siblings-cousin). 4. Incidence in the vertical relationships (159/266: 59.8%) was higher than that in the horizontal relationships (107/266: 40.2%). Incidence of the vertical relationships of female cancer probandus (gastric cancer: 70.4%, esophageal cancer: 55.7%, clorectal cancer: 73.9%) was significantly (P less than 0.05) higher than that in those of male cancer probandus. 5. Incidence of blood B type in male gastric cancer group tended to be less when compared with the control group (P less than 0.05). 6. Incidence of smoking habits in esophageal cancer group (82.2%) and the lung cancer group (63.4%) was significantly (P less than 0.01) higher than that in the control group (46.0%). 7. Incidence of drinking habits in the male esophageal cancer group (84.2%) was significantly (P less than 0.01) higher than that in the control group (53.0%).
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PMID:[Clinical and genetic study on human cancer--gastric cancer]. 718 28


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