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Query: UMLS:C0242379 (lung cancer)
 71,905 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

More than 1,900 patients of advanced and inoperable malignant tumor were treated with fast neutron radiotherapy using 30 MeV (d-Be) and 14 MeV (d-Be) beams at NIRS and IMS between 1975 and 1986. Protocols were largely nonrandomized. Some results have been obtained: 1) results with mixed beam studies for advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix have been equivocal compared with the photon controls. 2) some trends of local control have been observed in the trial of esophageal cancer, early cases of adenocarcinoma of the lung and malignant melanoma. 3) significant better results were observed in the pancoast type lung cancer and osteo sarcoma which was treated by the systemic multimodal treatment. It is concluded that neutrons are efficacious for certain specific tumor types owing to some biological effects, however the problem of inferior dose distribution was the weakness of neutron therapy at present.
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PMID:[Present status of high LET radiation therapy--fast neutron radiotherapy in Japan]. 312 93

There are such cancers as that they are rarely detected during an early stage, they show poor prognosis even though being small in size, and that it is difficult to perform reduced operation on them for the purpose of functional conservation. Cancers of the lung, esophagus, rectum, liver, gallbladder and pancreas are included in these cancers for the present. Bronchoplasty for lung cancer, nervous conservation for rectum cancer, and conservative operation to keep a natural anus have been widely performed. At the present time, it has been still difficult to undertake reduced operation for the treatment of esophageal cancer and liver-biliary-pancreatic cancer without damages to the radicalness. Unfortunately, anticancer agents or irradiation has shown no satisfactory effects on the above mentioned cancers. However, radial effects are now obtained from some techniques; they are, laser irradiation for very early cancer of the bronchus and esophagus, and plypectomy for small and early rectal cancer.
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PMID:[Modified surgical methods in gastrointestinal and lung cancers]. 317 10

From 1977 to 1982, 62 patients with various advanced malignant solid tumors were treated by HD-MTX-CFR therapy and totally 129 courses were given. Majority of the patients suffered from malignant lymphoma (10), osteogenic sarcoma (11), lung cancer (16), esophageal cancer (3), breast cancer (3) and malignant melanoma (4). All were confirmed by cytology or pathology except one primary liver cancer. There were clinically measurable lesions in 59 patients for evaluation of the treatment, and 3 osteogenic sarcoma patients without metastasis were given a postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy. 33 out of 62 had received chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy before. Dose of MTX ranged from 2 to 3 gm per course in most patients and dose of CF, from 9 to 12 mg every 6 hours for 3 days. 2 (3.4%) patients achieved complete remission (1 osteogenic sarcoma and 1 malignant lymphoma) and 8 (13.6%), partial remission (1 osteogenic sarcoma, 5 malignant lymphoma, 1 esophageal cancer and 1 breast cancer) with a total response rate of 15.9%. No response was observed in all 16 lung cancers. The main side effects of HD-MTX-CFR therapy were leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, elevation of SGPT, nausea, vomiting, mucositis, skin rash, fever and fatigue. All patients were followed more than 3 years. 4 patients are still alive (9, 9, 4 and 7 years, respectively), including 3 osteogenic sarcoma patients who received postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy and 1 mycosis fungoides.
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PMID:[High-dose methotrexate with citrovorum factor rescue (HD-MTX-CFR) in the treatment of malignant solid tumors--clinical analysis of 62 patients]. 326 85

This paper reports on an autopsied case manifesting an esophageal cancer that had developed 13 years after radiotherapy for lung cancer. The patient was a 61-year-old man. He was found to have a squamous cell carcinoma of the right lower bronchus with a swelling of the mediastinal and left supraclavicular lymph nodes in July of 1973. He received 60 Gy of irradiation in the right lung, the mediastinum, and the left supraclavicular region. Later, after doing well until August of 1986, a squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus was found at the upper intrathoracic site. Thus, he also received additional radiotherapy but died of pneumonia after this local recurrence 7 months later. At autopsy, no local recurrence of the primary lung cancer was found. The site of esophageal cancer was far from that of the primary lung cancer though it was included in the previous treatment ports. This suggests the possibility that the primary esophageal cancer had been induced by therapeutic irradiation. So far as we know, this is the first report of esophageal cancer that may have developed after irradiation for lung cancer.
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PMID:[Esophageal cancer developing 13 years after radiotherapy of lung cancer]. 337 59

The metabolic changes following thoracic surgery in three groups of patients (esophageal cancer, lung cancer, and hiatus hernia) have been studied. Before operation patients with esophageal cancer, but not those with lung cancer, had significantly lower plasma total protein and albumin than patients with hiatus hernia. After surgery plasma albumin and total protein fell in both esophageal cancer and hiatus hernia patients, a development attributed to poor nutrition and restricted calorie diet in these two groups of patients respectively. With the exception of alanine and arginine in lung cancer patients, and free tryptophan in lung and esophageal cancer patients, the preoperative concentrations of all plasma amino acids were similar in both groups of cancer patients and in those with hiatus hernia. After operation the concentrations of glutamine, total tryptophan, alanine, glycine, and arginine fell sharply, whereas those of phenylalanine, lysine, valine, and leucine were slightly or not at all affected by surgery. The immediate postoperative fall of plasma free amino acids is thought to be due to the increased rate of gluconeogenesis. The rise of free fraction of plasma tryptophan after surgery is related to the raised level of plasma free fatty acids and increased secretions of catecholamines, which is believed to follow surgery.
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PMID:Preoperative and postoperative levels of plasma protein and amino acid in esophageal and lung cancer patients. 338 36

Flomoxef (FMOX, 6315-S) is a new antibiotic of oxacephem group with a broad antibacterial spectrum. Seven patients were treated by intravenous instillation of 1 g of FMOX twice daily. Seven-day treatment with FMOX was ineffective against chronic bronchitis caused by Escherichia coli in a patient who had received an operation for esophageal cancer 6 years previously. Seven-day treatment with FMOX was effective against acute pneumonia caused by Staphylococcus aureus in a patient with lung cancer. Nine-day treatment with FMOX was effective against pulmonary suppuration caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae in a patient with lung cancer. Six-day and 7-day treatment with FMOX were excellently or moderately effective against suspected obstructive pneumonia in 2 patients with lung cancer. Five-day and 6-day treatment with FMOX were ineffective against fever of unknown origins in 2 patients with lung cancer. Overall, FMOX was effective in 4 of the 7 patients evaluated.
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PMID:[Investigation of clinical effect of flomoxef]. 344 16

Epidemiologic studies of the relationships between vitamins and 3 types of cancer are reviewed. First, the widely reported association between vitamin A and beta-carotene and risk of lung cancer is considered. In a large population-based case-control study of lung cancer among white males in New Jersey, increased intake of vegetables, dark green vegetables, dark yellow-orange vegetables, and carotenoids were each associated with reduced risk, but intake of retinol or total vitamin A was not related. The protective effect of vegetables was limited to current and recent cigarette smokers, which suggests that vegetable intake prevents a late-stage event in carcinogenesis. Consumption of dark yellow-orange vegetables was consistently more predictive of reduced risk than either the total carotenoid index or consumption of any other food group, possible because of the high content of beta-carotene in this food group. The results and limitations of other epidemiologic studies of diet and lung cancer are reviewed. Second, the evolving relationship between multiple micronutrient deficiencies and esophageal cancer is discussed. In a death certificate-based case-control study of esophageal cancer in black males in Washington, D.C., several indicators of general nutritional status, including consumption of fresh or frozen meat and fish, dairy products and eggs, and fruit and vegetables, and the number of meals eaten per day, were inversely and independently correlated with the risk of esophageal cancer. Estimates of intake of micronutrients, such as carotenoids, vitamin C, thiamin, and riboflavin, were less strongly associated with reduced risk than were the broad food groups that provide most of each micronutrient. Thus no single micronutrient deficiency was identified. Other studies suggest that generally poor nutrition may partially explain the susceptibility of urban black men to esophageal cancer. Finally, the postulated association between low folacin levels and risk of cervical cancer is examined. Among women who use oral contraceptives, serum and red blood cell folacin levels were reported to be lower among those with cervical dysplasia. In a clinical trial involving oral contraceptive users, cervical dysplasia gradually decreased in the group supplemented with oral folate but remained unchanged in the group given the placebo. Other epidemiologic studies of diet and cervical cancer are discussed.
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PMID:Epidemiologic studies of vitamins and cancer of the lung, esophagus, and cervix. 359 17

Nail fold microcirculation was observed in 90 patients suffering from chest malignancies. 33 were patients with esophageal cancer, 41 cancer of gastric cardia, 4 esophageal and cardiac cancer, 11 lung cancer and 1 malignant neurogenic tumor in the posterior mediastinum. The results indicate that, in cancer patients, marked microcirculatory disturbances are present in the form of marked exudation, cloudy visual field, abnormal and dilated capillary loops, granular and slow blood flow. There is no obvious difference in the various kinds of malignancies. Nor is there any difference between the operable and inoperable cases. Indication of operation is not predicted by this method. The probable cause and clinical significance of microcirculatory disturbances are discussed.
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PMID:[Nail fold microcirculation in patients with chest malignancy]. 375 36

This study evaluated the mortality experience of 1,352 white and 438 nonwhite men who worked in the rubber-reclaiming division of a large rubber manufacturing company. In comparisons of mortality of white reclaim workers with that of nonreclaim workers rate ratios were 2.7 for esophageal cancer (six observed deaths among reclaim workers), 2.1 for bladder cancer (seven observed deaths), and 4.5 for multiple myeloma (six observed deaths). The excess of bladder cancer among white reclaim workers may be associated with their employment in other high-risk areas of the plant, whereas no such explanation was found for the excesses of esophageal cancer and multiple myeloma. Overall, the lung cancer mortality rate of white reclaim workers was similar to the rate of US white males and other white rubber workers. There was a 50% excess of lung cancer deaths among nonwhite reclaim workers compared with other nonwhite rubber workers. However, this observation is based on small numbers, and no firm conclusions can be reached about the risk of lung cancer associated with reclaim operations in this group of rubber workers.
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PMID:Mortality among rubber workers: X. Reclaim workers. 399 47

A radioimmunoassay for a tumor antigen TA-4 of squamous cell carcinoma has been used for the management of cervical cancer. The present study shows the clinical value of the TA-4 assay for squamous cell carcinoma of various origins. Pretreatment serum TA-4 levels were detectable in 44.4% of cervical cancer, 47.1% of vaginal and vulvar cancer, 33.3% of lung cancer, 42.9% of esophageal cancer, and 10% of cancer of other origins. In 313 control cases, including other histologic types of malignancies or benign diseases, one case showed a positive TA-4 level. Serial determinations of serum TA-4 levels were performed in patients with squamous cell carcinoma, which revealed that changes in TA-4 levels were rapid and were helpful for monitoring the disease progress and for detecting the recurrent disease. These results indicate that the TA-4 assay would be a useful aid for the management of squamous cell carcinoma of various origins.
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PMID:The use of a tumor antigen TA-4 for the management of squamous cell carcinoma. 406 35


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