Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0242379 (lung cancer)
 71,905 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We thought that nutritional parameters in laboratory data might be able to express quality of life (QOL). Therefore, in 70 patients with malignant chest diseases (NSCLC, 42 patients; SCLC, 15; lung metastasis, 7; others, 6), the correlation between nutritional parameters of total protein (Tp), serum albumin (Alb), and serum (cholinesterase (ChE] and Karnofsky Performance Status scale (KPS) was investigated. Then, in 24 patients with them (NSCLC, 12; SCLC, 6; lung metastasis, 4; others 2), Alb and ChE were compared to the EORTC Core Quality of Life Questionnaire and Lung Cancer-Specific Questionnaire Module (QS). Results were as follows: 1) KPS and nutritional parameters correlated (Tp. r = 0.55, p less than 0.001; Alb, r = 0.60, p less than 0.001, ChE, r = 0.60; p less than 0.001). 2) The cores for Functional Status (FS) and Disease and Treatment-related symptoms (Sym) in QS and parameters of Alb and ChE correlate (FS v.s. Alb, p less than 0.01; Sym v.s. Alb, p less than 0.01; FS v.s. ChE, p less than 0.05; and Sym v.s. ChE, p less than 0.05). Moreover, the scores of Psychological Distress in QS and Alb showed a correlation (p less than 0.05). It is considered that nutrition and part of QOL (KPS and FS + Sym in QS, that is to say, "objective" functional activity and "subjective" functional activity and symptoms) correlate, and that nutritional parameters are useful to evaluate QOL.
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PMID:[Quality of life (QOL) and nutrition]. 202 88

A lucigenin-enhanced chemiluminescence (CL) assay was used to assess alveolar macrophage (AM) and blood monocyte (BM) function in patients with lung cancer (LC). Ten patients with LC (7-SCLC, 3-NSCLC) and ten matched controls underwent bronchoalveolar lavage, and AMs were subjected to CL with and without stimulation with latex beads. Peak CL was recorded as counts per minute (CPM)/10(3) cells/min. BM activity was similarly assessed in 17 LC patients (13-SCLC) and 17 matched controls. Peak activity of both unstimulated and latex stimulated AMs in the LC group was higher than controls. Similarly, BM activity was enhanced in LC patients compared with controls. There was no correlation between AM CL responses and disease extent, but BM function at diagnosis correlated with subsequent response to cytotoxic chemotherapy. Results indicate both local and systemic activation of the monocyte/macrophage system in LC even in patients with limited disease.
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PMID:Alveolar macrophage and blood monocyte function in lung cancer. 203 50

From 1970 to 1988, 603 patients with non-small cell lung cancer were operated in our department. Among them, patients with small lung cancer (diameter less than 3 cm) with advanced disease were analyzed. There were 19 patients with mediastinal node metastasis, 2 with contralateral or supra-clavicular node metastasis, 3 with distant organ metastasis and one with pleural dissemination. In T1N2 group, adenocarcinoma was predominant in 17 patients and only 2 with squamous cell carcinoma. Sixteen patients underwent curative lobectomy with mediastinal node dissection. In T1N3 group, lobectomy and mediastinal and cervical node dissection were carried out. In T 1M1 group, 3 patients had lobectomy and removal of metastatic lesions, separately or simultaneously. One patient with pleural dissemination had segmentectomy and extirpation of disseminated foci. There were no operative deaths or hospital deaths in this series. Survival of the patients with T1N2 with curative resection was 93.8% in one year, 38.2% in 3 years and 22.9% in 5 years after operation. Among them, patients with intraoperative diagnosis of negative mediastinal node had relatively well survival. However, patients with N3, D+, or M1 had poor prognosis.
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PMID:[Results of the surgical treatment of patients with advanced small lung cancer]. 203 46

The Lung Cancer Study Group entered 907 eligible patients with T1 N0 non-small cell lung cancer in one of three successive clinical trials. At the time of analysis, 201 of these patients were free from malignancy 60 months after operation. Thirty percent of patients who died were free from malignancy at death. Death rates were comparable for the total group (907 patients) and the patients free from malignancy at 60 months (201 patients) (0.086 versus 0.079, respectively); therefore death was not a suitable therapeutic end point. Cancer recurrences were more frequent in patients with non-squamous carcinoma than those with squamous carcinoma (0.088 versus 0.042); however, this difference was not observed after a 60-month malignancy-free interval (0.035 versus 0.022, respectively). Select comparisons between the total group of 907 patients and the 201 patients free from malignancy at 60 months are noteworthy: (1) the rate of occurrence of new, nonpulmonary malignancies was constant (0.016 versus 0.018, respectively); (2) the rate of pulmonary recurrences decreased (0.043 versus 0.013, respectively); and (3) the rate of occurrence of new lung cancer increased (0.009 versus 0.016, respectively). Therefore, although cancer recurrences decreased with survival, new lung cancer occurrences increased, and the probability of malignant disease appearing more than 60 months after operation for T1 N0 non-small cell lung cancer dictates continued patient surveillance.
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PMID:Cancer recurrence after resection: T1 N0 non-small cell lung cancer. Lung Cancer Study Group. 215 58

Serum neuron-specific enolase (NSE) has been measured in 28 patients with small cell lung cancer (SCLC) and 90 patients with other forms of lung cancer (NSCLC), i.e., 28 with adenocarcinoma and 62 with squamous cell carcinoma. Increased NSE (greater than 12.0 micrograms/liter) was found in 71.4% of SCLC patients and in 22.2% of NSCLC patients. The predictive value of an increased NSE in identifying SCLC was only 50%, whereas the predictive value of a normal NSE in differentiating SCLC for NSCLC was 91%. Serial studies during chemotherapy of SCLC patients showed that the doubling time of NSE ranged from 7 to 127 days and the mean apparent half-life (AHL) of NSE to be 14 days. AHL values in excess of 20 days suggest that the tumour is not in full remission. We believe that measurement of serum NSE and calculation of the AHL and DT are valuable in identifying the effectiveness of chemotherapy in patients with SCLC.
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PMID:Neuron-specific enolase during chemotherapy of small cell lung cancer. 216 May 68

In 678 cases of surgically resected lung cancer, morphological factors influencing prognosis were evaluated, especially in adenocarcinomas (283 cases) and squamous cell carcinomas (270 cases). In adenocarcinoma cases, sex, degree of differentiation, classification by cell type, lymphatic invasion, vascular invasion, pleural involvement, intrapulmonary metastasis, grade of scarring associated with a tumor, atypia of cells and mitotic index were significantly evaluated. The scoring of these factors will contribute to the clinician's decisions on the necessity and selection of post-adjuvant chemotherapy, especially even in Stage I. In squamous cell carcinoma cases, location of tumor, tumor size, lymphatic invasion, vascular invasion and pleural involvement were also significantly evaluated. In 160 patients treated by chemotherapy involving cisplatin, chemotherapeutic response in squamous cell carcinoma (39 cases) was more effective and survived longer these than in adenocarcinoma (107 cases) and large cell carcinoma (14 cases). In 233 non-small cell lung cancer patients treated by chemotherapy, there were 33 cases of long-term survival more than 2 years; that is, 8 cases (3.4%) disease-free and 25 cases (10.7%) alive with cancer. The group which remained disease-free for over 2 years, consisted only of patients with Stage IIIa or IIIb, and PR was achieved with chemotherapy and radiation. Among patients who lived over 2 years, many squamous cell carcinoma cases (5/6) remained disease-free. On the other hand, adenocarcinoma was less responsive to chemotherapy and almost all cases (24/27) were alive with cancer. The relationship between the effectiveness of chemotherapy and prognosis among histological subtypes was examined in small cell lung cancer.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Histology and prognosis in lung cancer treatment]. 216 41

The recent 5-year survival rate of patients with lung cancer who underwent resection is significantly higher than that in the previous decade. The main reason for the improved survival rate seems to be due to more accurate staging, however, we cannot detect micrometastases so that distant relapses in many patients occur after operation. In order to control micrometastases, various kinds of surgical adjuvant therapy have been studied. In an attempt to improve resectability rate and survival in patients with locally advanced disease of non-small cell lung cancer, we initiated a pilot study of neoadjuvant (preoperative) therapy. Most of the 31 patients who were entered into the study clinically showed enlarged mediastinal lymph nodes, with or without direct invasion of the primary tumors to mediastinal organs. The response rate of the treatment was 64.5%. Complete resection of the tumor was performed in 14 of 31 (45%) patients and exploratory thoracotomy was done in one patient. Postoperative complications occurred in 6 of those 15 patients who underwent thoracotomy. Three patients suffered from severe complications such as empyema, pulmonary edema or respiratory failure, but recovered eventually. At present, of 15 patients who underwent operation, 9 are alive and free from disease, 2 are alive with relapse and 4 died of relapses. The median survival time was 11.5 and 19 months in non-resected cases and all cases, respectively. Although we cannot draw a conclusion because of the short observation time, we consider that neoadjuvant therapy is worthy of studying.
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PMID:[Surgical adjuvant therapy, especially neoadjuvant therapy of lung cancer]. 216 42

The p53 gene initially was thought to be an oncogene, but recent evidence suggests that wild-type p53 can function as a tumor suppressor gene in lung, colon, and breast cancer as well as less common malignancies. This study reports the first identification of intronic point mutations as a mechanism for inactivation of the p53 tumor suppressor gene. Abnormally sized p53 mRNAs found in a small cell and a non-small cell lung cancer cell line were characterized by sequence analysis of cDNA/PCR products, the RNase protection assay and immunoprecipitation. These mRNAs were found to represent aberrant splicing leading to the production of abnormal or no p53 protein. Sequence analysis of genomic DNA revealed that a point mutation at the splice acceptor site in the third intron or the splice donor site in the seventh intron accounts for the abnormal mRNA splicing. In one patient the same intronic point mutation was found in the tumor cell line derived from a bone marrow metastasis and in multiple liver metastases but not in normal DNA, indicating that it occurred as a somatic event before the development of these metastases. These findings further support the role of inactivation of the p53 gene in the pathogenesis of lung cancer and indicate the role of intronic point mutation in this process.
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PMID:Identification of intronic point mutations as an alternative mechanism for p53 inactivation in lung cancer. 216 47

Lung cancer is the most common cause of cancer death in both men and women now. Limited resections have proven to be safe and effective in high-risk patients. Sleeve resection now offers both conservation of pulmonary function and enhanced resectability to select patients. Chest wall resections in association with pulmonary resection offer worthwhile survival if the mediastinal lymph nodes are not involved. Solitary cerebral metastases can now be resected with favorable results in carefully selected patients. New treatment strategies, such as neoadjuvant therapy, are on the horizon for advanced stage patients. Operative mortality has declined significantly compared to past decades. While the prognosis for most patients with non-small cell lung cancer remains grim, surgery is now possible in select subgroups with relatively good results.
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PMID:New trends in the surgical treatment of non-small cell lung cancer. 216 56

The alpha subunits of the GTP-binding proteins, Go and Gi2, in sera, tissues, and pleural effusions have been studied, using an enzyme immunoassays system. The Gi alpha concentrations were found increased in the pleural effusions of patients with a small cell lung cancer, as compared to patients with a nonsmall cell lung cancer. Both GTP-binding proteins, however, were not elevated in the sera of patients with a lung cancer. Thus, an evaluation of the amount of Go alpha in the pleural effusion is thought to be a useful tumor marker of small cell lung cancers, elevating the specificity of a combination assay with other markers, NSE or CKBB.
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PMID:[The alpha subunits of the GTP-binding proteins, Go and Gi2 in lung cancer]. 216 12


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