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Query: UMLS:C0242379 (lung cancer)
 71,905 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The current enthusiasm for gallium (Ga) citrate as a tumor imaging agent reflects the need of clinical medicine for a good tumor imaging agent. To date, Ga-67 is probably the best tumor imaging agent available for clinical use. Initially, Ga-67 was investigated for its bone scanning potential. In this process, in 1969, Edwards and Hayes accidentally found that Ga-67 concentrated in soft tissue tumors, mainly lymphomas, in patients. Later studies reported the clinical experience with Ga-67 concentration in many different tumor types. Great variation was noted in the ability of different tumors to concentrate Ga-67. However, Ga-67 was most consistently and reliably taken up in lung tumors, with sensitivities of Ga imaging positivity in lung cancer ranging from 85 to 95%. Within the lung cancer group, squamous cell carcinoma consistently has been much more reliably positive than adenocarcinoma or alveolar cell carcinoma. Subsequent studies on Ga-67 led to the recognition of its preferential concentration in inflammatory lesions and abscess. These reports resulted in the clinical application of Ga-67 imaging as a diagnostic tool in the evaluation of patients with suspected abscesses. Mechanisms of Ga localization in tumor and inflammatory lesions are not currently well understood. Electron microscopic studies have revealed some information regarding the intracellular localization of Ga, but the mechanism by which it is taken up by the cell remains unproven, although several explanations have been suggested. The biodistribution of Ga-67 is responsible for the great difficulty experienced in interpreting Ga images of the abdomen, mainly because of the normal of the normal excretion in the bowel. Clinical studies have shown that the Ga scan can be used in the workup of patients with lung cancer as a sensitive tool in excluding the presence of mediastinal metastases. In some institutions, a negative Ga mediastinal scan in the presence of positive Ga uptake in the presumed primary tumor in patients with lung cancers has been used in lieu of a staging mediastinoscopy. Data regarding the thresholds of various factors which determine visibility of a lung tumor by Ga-67 imaging have been described in some detail. The factors include lesion size, depth in tissue, gallium concentration in tumor relative to background, type of film and instrumentation used, and count rates obtained. The data suggest the need for very high radiopharmaceutical concentrations in small tumors relative to background activity for identification of the tumor on an image.
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PMID:Usefulness of gallium imaging in the evaluation of lung cancer. 700 81

Several types of neoplastic conditions are included in the differential diagnosis of pneumonia. Bronchial obstruction with cancer can produce obstructive pneumonia that results in intractable infection. Bronchogenic carcinoma and metastatic cancer involving the airways may produce this clinical presentation. Bronchioloalveolar carcinoma is a relatively common form of primary lung cancer that characteristically presents as a chronic infiltrate associated with cough, hypoxemia, shortness of breath, and mucus hypersecretion. This cancer has two distinct histological types with markedly different prognosis. The mucinous variety is much more likely to be multicentric and rapidly progressive whereas the nonmucinous variety may be localized. Lymphoproliferative diseases may also present in an infiltrative appearance. Kaposi's sarcoma infiltrating the lungs, particularly associated with acquired immune deficiency syndrome, presents a diagnostic dilemma because of the high incidence of pulmonary infection in these patients.
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PMID:Neoplastic mimics of pneumonia. 748 Nov 27

We reviewed CT scans in 38 cases with pathologically proved bronchioloalveolar carcinoma. CT revealed three CT patterns: solitary, pneumonic and diffuse forms. The solitary pattern (22 patients) had a high percentage of air bronchograms (95%), pleural indentation (77%) and spiculation (68%). The pneumonia-like pattern (16 lesions in 10 patients) had air bronchograms in all cases (100%), low attenuation (88%) and protrusion of interlobar fissures (63%). The diffuse form (six patients) had 2 or 3 mm diffuse small nodules scattered throughout the entire lung. CT of bronchioloalveolar carcinoma revealed many findings and was useful in recognizing the tumor distribution and extent. We conclude that CT is helpful for the diagnosis and evaluation of bronchioloalveolar carcinoma.
Lung Cancer 1995 Jun
PMID:CT scanning of bronchioloalveolar carcinoma: specific appearances. 765 31

Microfil perfusion technique was used to investigate the blood supply of bronchogenic carcinoma deriving from pulmonary artery on 20 fresh specimens of lung cancer, including 11 squamous carcinoma, 6 adenocarcinoma, 1 alveolar cell carcinoma and 2 undifferentiated carcinoma cases. The results showed that the appearance and quantity of pulmonary blood supply of bronchogenic carcinoma depended on and changed with the site, activity, growth mode as well as the local condition of tumor nodules; pulmonary artery supplied blood to the periphery of the tumor and its innermost part as well; vessels from pulmonary artery in tumor nodules were generally less in number than those in the surrouding normal lung tissues around. The results suggested that the tumor blood supply from pulmonary artery should be evaluated comprehensively and dynamically; during interventional chemotherapy via pulmonary artery, patients should be selected carefully and the catheter for infusion placed in suitable position so as to gain the best therapeutic effect.
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PMID:[Investigation of blood supply of bronchogenic carcinoma deriving from pulmonary artery]. 765 91

Bilateral bronchioloalveolar carcinoma in a 56-year-old female is reported. In June 1992, an abnormal shadow was noted on chest X-ray during mass screening. Sputum cytology revealed class V, adenocarcinoma. Mass shadow in both lower lobes were found on chest computed tomography. Simultaneous bilateral thoracotomy was performed by submammary transverse skin incision at the level of the fourth intercostal space. Right lower lobectomy and left S9 partial resection were performed. Bronchioloalveolar carcinoma was confirmed by microscopic findings in both specimens. Four of seven siblings had lung cancer and one had simultaneous renal cell carcinoma. Furthermore, the patient's father, two maternal uncles, one cousin and one nephew also had lung cancer. Two of the brothers and the nephew with lung cancer were confirmed to have well differentiated adenocarcinoma by pathological examination.
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PMID:[Bilateral bronchioloalveolar carcinoma, showing familial aggregation of lung cancer]. 808 74

Pathogenesis consists of a discussion of the role of oncogenes and suppressor genes on small-cell lung cancer and non-small-cell lung cancer as well as the external factors of smoking (active and passive), asbestos, and radon. Pathology consists of discussion of squamous cell lung cancer, adenocarcinoma and bronchoalveolar carcinoma, large cell carcinoma (including giant cell and clear cell variants), and neuroendocrine tumors. Mesotheliomas are discussed as is the role of monoclonal antibodies in diagnosis.
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PMID:Pathogenesis and pathology. 838 61

The p53 gene has been implicated in the pathogenesis of lung cancer as a tumor suppressor gene. Aberrations of the p53 gene (exon 6-8) was examined in 34 surgical specimens of lung cancer with single-strand-conformation-polymorphism analysis of polymerase chain reaction products. Structural abnormalities of the p53 gene were observed in 30 tumor specimens (88.2%), i.e, in 10 of the 12 specimens with squamous cell carcinoma, 8 of the 10 with adenocarcinoma, all the 3 small cell carcinoma, the only one large cell carcinoma, all the 5 alveolar cell carcinoma and all the 3 adenosquamous carcinoma. The aberrations of the p53 gene were not limited to a particular histological type or clinical stage and were not associated with degree of differentiation or history of heavy smoking. It is suggested that high mutation rate of the p53 gene may participate in the genesis of lung cancer. In this study, multiple primer polymerase chain reaction method was applied to detect the human papillomavirus DNA (HPV DNA) in human lung cancer. Only 4 of these 34 specimens were HPV DNA positive, and they were all of squamous cell carcinoma, 3 of them had p53 mutation.
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PMID:[Point mutation of p53 and detection of human papillomavirus DNA in bronchogenic carcinoma]. 873 28

We investigated the validity of thoracoscopic surgery-in patients with primary lung cancer undergoing lobectomy. 14 primary lung cancer patients treated by typical VATS lobectomy and one by anatomical segmentectomy, were compared with 56 patients with Stage-I lung cancer undergoing standard lobectomy (control group), the results focusing on the lymph-nodes dissected. All 14 lobectomy patients showed primary lesions of size less than 3 cm. Following classification of the lymph-nodes into groups I (hilar lymph node) and II (mediastinal lymph node), we compared results according to the sites of the lobectomies conducted. Numbers of dissected lymph-nodes were similar in patients whether undergoing standard thoracotomy or VATS lobectomy. We also investigated what histological types of cancer should be treated by VATS lobectomy by comparing preoperative and operative staging in the control group. The results showed that in most patients with squamous-cell carcinoma judged as T1 N0 M0 the staging corresponded, the other patients actually being in N1 (Stage II). Of Patients with adenocarcinoma of T1 N0 M0, however, 14% had lymph-node metastasis even into the superior mediastinum, i.e., Stage III. The overall findings suggest at present that VATS lobectomy should be applied preferably to patients with a histological typing such as squamous cell carcinoma or alveolar cell carcinoma of relatively early stage, i.e. preoperative Stage I.
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PMID:Is video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery suitable for resection of primary lung cancer? 908 68

To evaluate the impact of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) histological subtypes on survival, we performed a retrospective multivariate analysis of survival in 361 patients with a NSCLC diagnosed in 1987 and 1988 at the University Hospital in Strasbourg, France. There were 262 (73%) squamous cell carcinomas (SQ), 59 (16%) adenocarcinomas other than bronchioloalveolar carcinoma (ADOBAC), 24 (7%) bronchioloalveolar carcinoma (BAC) and 16 (4%) large cell carcinomas (LC). The proportion of metastatic disease was significantly higher in the ADOBAC group than in the SQ group (30% vs. 15%, P < 0.001). In operated patients, only extent of disease and age were independent prognostic factors. In patients with unresectable NSCLC, extent of disease had also the heaviest impact on survival. However, in these unresected patients, ADOBAC had a pejorative impact on survival, in contrast to BAC which was of better prognosis. If these results are confirmed by prospective studies, this will support stratification according to histological subtypes in clinical trials involving inoperable NSCLC patients.
Lung Cancer 1997 May
PMID:Prognostic value of histology in patients with non-small cell lung cancer. 919 32

A 68-year-old man who worked as an editor was admitted to Aichi Medical University Hospital due to dyspnea on exertion and emaciation. The patient had noticed rapid weight loss during diet therapy for diabetes mellitus that started in the beginning of July, 1993. Laboratory examinations revealed elevated levels of LDH and amylase in serum. Ultrasonography disclosed minimal ascites. Dyspnea on exertion developed in September, 1993. Chest roentgenography showed diffuse bilateral small nodular or reticular opacities. CT-guided percutaneous needle aspiration was done and cytologic examination of a specimen of lung tissue revealed papillary adenocarcinoma. The diagnosis was bronchiolo-alveolar carcinoma. Serum levels of amylase were elevated. The amylase isozyme pattern was of the salivary type. Serum levels of CA19-9 and CEA were also elevated. The patient died of respiratory failure on December 4, 1993. Postmortem examination revealed diffuse small nodules in both lungs. Examination of the nodules showed bronchiolo-alveolar cell carcinoma. The tumor cells stained positively for amylase (salivary type, not pancreatic type) CA19-9, and CEA by the avidin biotin complex method, but they were immunohistologically negative for AFP. We conclude that this lung cancer produced amylase, CA19-9, and CEA. We know of only a few reports of cases in which lung cancer produced both amylase and CA19-9.
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PMID:[Diffuse bronchiolo-alveolar cell carcinoma that produced both amylase and CA19-9]. 921 68


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