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Query: UMLS:C0242379 (lung cancer)
 71,905 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In 40 patients with untreated lung cancer cytochemical studies of the peripheral blood leukocytes were conducted by means of a cytological method for the simultaneous staining of nucleoproteids (RNP and DNP) and some cathionic proteins (after Zvetkova and Zvetkov [60]). Changes were detected in the RNP cytoplasmic contents of lymphocytes, of which the most outstanding were the reduction and uneven distribution of RNP granules, their frequent extracellular expulsion by means of microclasmatoses, as well as changes in the staining of cathionic proteins of RNP accompanied by an increased nuclear chromatin condensation in the small and medium-sized lymphocytes. Parellel to reducing of the percentage of these cells in the peripheral blood of patients with advanced neoplastic disease an increased number of lymphoblastoid and monoblastoid cells is established with RNP diffusely stained, but reduced in quantity and localized in the cytoplasmic periphery and projections (compared to Downey type II atypical cells). By means of one of the variants of the method (modified type of Feulgen's reaction) a characteristic distribution and structuring of the nuclear chromatin is established in mono- and polymorphonuclear cells, most clearly expressed in the nuclei of monocytes and monoblastoid cells, as well as in nuclei of neutrophil granulocytes. In these cellular types a more specific nuclear modelling (microhypersegmentation) is observed resulting in multiple irregular nuclear projections on the nuclear surface, probably caused by subkaryolemal distribution of uneven chromatin thickenings. The changes are also recorded in the cathionic protein containing secondary cytoplasmic granules in granulocytes-neutrophils and eosinophils, probably associated with changes in the lysosomal and phagocytic functions of these cells in neoplastic diseases. The authors discuss the importance of the obtained results in connection with data on the participation of lymphocytes and neutrophils in the immune response to tumour antigenic stimuli during the course of the neoplastic process, as well as with data on the suppressive effect of antigenic (serum, viral) factors, possibly affecting the synthesis and the transport of cellular nucleoproteids (RNP and DNP) in leukocytes of cancer patients.
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PMID:Cytochemistry of nucleoproteids and some cathionic proteins in the peripheral blood leukocytes of patients with lung cancer. 9 57

First-degree relatives of lung-cancer patients and of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease had significantly higher age-sex-race-smoking-adjusted rates of impaired forced expiration than first-degree relatives of patients with non-pulmonary disease or community-derived comparison series (neighbourhood controls and teachers). Subclassification of the data and multiple adjustment for smoking, race, sex, and other confounding factors emphasised the consistency of the pattern. These findings strongly suggest that lung cancer and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease share a common familial component other than smoking. The clinical manifestation may depend on the presence of one or more other cofactors as yet undefined.
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PMID:A common familial component in lung cancer and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. 9 31

In a retrospective study of 687 computed tomographic (CT) examinations of the chest and abdomen performed over a 1 year period, 16% of the examinations produced information not otherwise available which altered patient diagnosis, prognosis, or therapy. Sixteen thoracotomies and 18 laparotomies were avoided as a result of information available only from CT examinations. CT was of particular value in the evaluation of mediastinal masses, in the assessment of suspected or proven lung cancer, and in the evaluation of pleural and extrapleural masses. It was of notable clinical value in evaluating patients with intraabdominal abscesses, pancreatic disease, staging of malignancies for radiation therapy and surgery, and excluding the presence of suspected masses.
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PMID:Observations on the medical efficacy of computed tomography of the chest and abdomen. 9 68

A human lung tumor-associated fetal antigen (LTFA) has been partially isolated and characterized. The antigen that differs in several immunochemical parameters from previously described lung cancer antigens was shared by fetal lung and liver tissue. The neoantigen migrated in immunoelectrophoresis as an alpha2-beta globulin, had an average molecular size of 7S, and was soluble in 50% saturated ammonium sulfate. Whereas LTFA was insensitive to both DNase and RNase treatment, its antigenicity was completely abolished by pronase. The biologic significance of this antigen and its possible clinical use were discussed.
J Natl Cancer Inst 1979 May
PMID:Partial characterization of a fetal lung antigen associated with human bronchogenic carcinoma. 10 44

Since the introduction of bone scans in 1951, there have been many studies comparing biologic and physical characteristics of new bone-imaging agents and the results of scintigraphy and radiology in large numbers of patients. Relatively speaking, there have been fewer studies detailing the health benefits and financial cost associated with the use of skeletal scintigraphy. This review concerns these aspects in patients with malignancies of various sites and stages. About 2% of patients with stage I or II breast cancer have bone metastases at the time they first present, whereas nearly 28% of patients with stage III disease have bone metastases. A large percentage of patients with initially negative scans develop bone metastases during the first 3--4 yr; many of them develop them within the first 12--18 mo after initial diagnosis. For patients with lung cancer, the use of bone scans in staging their disease is somewhat controversial. Several studies indicate that the yield of positive bone scans may range from as low as 2% to as high as 35%. Data on the use of bone scans in staging prostatic cancer initially are similar to those in patients with breast cancer, that is, yields of 7% in patients with stage I or II disease and a yield of about 20% with stage III disease. Children with osteosarcoma or Ewing's sarcoma rarely have bone disease distant from the site of their primary bone lesion at presentation. However, a large percentage of them (30%--40% or so) develop bone metastases during the follow-up period. As in the case with patients with breast cancer, about half of these bone metastases are evident by 12--18 mo.
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PMID:Rationale for the use of bone scans in selected metastatic and primary bone tumors. 11 84

104 patients with various cancer, excluding malignant lymphoma and leukemia, underwent bone marrow biopsy using a Jamshidi needle, regular type. In 100 patients an adequate pice of bone marrow was obtained. In 24 patients metastases were detected in the bone marrow. Metastases were found in 10 of 38 (26.3%) patients with breast cancer, in 5 of 17 (29.4%) patients with lung cancer, in 5 of 10 (50%) patients with cancer of the prostate, in 1 patient with rhabdomyosarcoma, 1 with chordoma and in 2 of 14 patients who underwent biopsy in search of unknown cancer. 71% of the patients with positive findings in the bone marrow had clinical signs of bone involvement, 80% had positive X-ray film and 78.9% had positive skeletal isotope survey. Hemogram, serum alkaline phosphatase, serum calcium level and sedimentation rate were of no value in predicting whether the marrow was involved or not. No complications were documented following biopsy. The use of the Jamshidi bone marrow biopsy needle for staging and early detection of metastases in a select group cancer patients is suggested.
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PMID:Bone marrow biopsy in patients with malignant neoplasms other than lymphomas or leukemia. 11 9

Eighty one patients (59 females, 22 males) with advanced solid tumors were treated with Adriamycin in doses of 40 mg/m2 body surgace daily, in two days cycles, with resting periods of 3 weeks. Overall response rate was 46% (37/81). In breast cancer response rate was 56% (13/23) and in ovarian cancer 48% (13/27). In various other tumors remission was observed in soft tissue sarcomas (3/8), thyroid cancer (1/7), osteogenic sarcoma (1/4), oesophageal cancer (2/4), lung cancer (2/4), bladder cancer (1/2) and hepatoma (1/2). In breast cancer patients, 2-7 month remission duration was observed (M equal to 4.5 month) and in ovarian cancer 1.5-5 month (M equal to 3.2 month). Adriamycin was also applied intrapleurally in 31 patients with malignant pleural effusions with a low response rate (26%). This modified schedule of Adriamycin administration showed a high antitumor activity in breast and ovarian cancer and in soft tissue sarcomas. Squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus was also sensitive to Adriamycin therapy. The very low rate of myelosuppression and oral ulceration showed the decreased toxicity of this Adriamycin administration schedule.
Z Krebsforsch Klin Onkol Cancer Res Clin Oncol 1977
PMID:Modified administration schedule of adriamycin in solid tumors. 14 May 42

Lung cancer morbidity in MSSR is analysed on the basis of statistical data for 1966-1972. The rate of lung cancer incidence is found to be higher than in cancer of the stomach. As a result of extrapolation of average tendencies in the morbidity and mortality of main cancer localizations, it was found that provided the observed tendencies are remained, lung cancer will occupy the first place in the structure of oncological morbidity (to 1976--1977) and mortality (to 1979--1980).
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PMID:[Prognosis of lung cancer mortality in the Moldavian SSR]. 14 90

Evidence accumulated since 1964 appears to show that occupation, not cigarette smoking, may be the primary cause of lung disease, especially of cancer and chronic obstructive disease. Comparisons of groups of individuals who smoke more with those who smoke less actually serve to contrast groups with a high proportion of blue-collar workers exposed to toxic fumes and a low proportion of professionals, managers, and proprietors with groups having lower proportions of blue-collar workers and higher proportions of professionals, managers, and proprietors. Thus, many diseases associated with smoking actually may be of occupational origin. Indeed, more than a dozen recent investigations of lung cancer epidemics among industrial workers have failed to find smoking to be a major cause (in some, not even a contributing cause). This evidence is strengthened further by shifts in the incidence of lung cancer that follow in time shifts in industrial employment patterns. Yet a worker's past smoking habits seem to play a key role in decreasing compensation awards for injuries that actually may be due to occupational exposure rather than personal habits. Thus, the relationship between smoking, occupation, and disease needs serious clarification. Smoking appears to have been used to divert attention away from the effects of occupational and environmental exposures to toxic substances.
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PMID:Does smoking kill workers or working kill smokers? OR The mutual relationship between smoking, occupation, and respiratory disease. 15 Apr 6

A method for determining the incidence of malignancies of the stomach, colon, rectum, and lungs has been based on the frequency of the tumors in the autopsy material of the Institute of Pathology of the University of Heidelberg for the period 1900 to 1975. The main goal of this model is time independent selection of autopsy material indicated by an almost constant pattern for sex, average age at death, number of inhabitants, and number of autopsies. There is a relationship between incidence and autopsy frequency only when coding the diagnoses independently of their contributions to the cause of death. The results show a nearly constant incidence of stomach cancer, a steady incidence of colon and rectal cancer which, however, differs for men and women, and a large increase in the incidence of lung cancer.
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PMID:[Incidence and post-mortem frequency of malignant tumors of the stomach, colon, rectum, and lung (author's transl)]. 15 35


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