Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0242379 (lung cancer)
 71,905 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The ten-year mortality experience of a cohort of white female production workers in a large rubber manufacturing plant is presented. An analysis of the observed and expected numbers of death from numerous causes revealed a slightly elevated overall standarized mortality ratio with an excess of deaths from both lung cancer and myocardial infarction, and a deficit of deaths from breast cancer. About two-thirds of all women in this cohort had worked, for the longest period of employment, in the manufacture of industrial products, while the remainder were engaged mostly in the manufacture of tires. Some preliminary associations between type of job and mortality experience are discussed, but a more detailed analytic investigation is required before nonoccupational risk factors can be ruled out.
 ...
PMID:Mortality of female workers in rubber manufacturing plant. 67 Nov 18

Based on the epidemiologic literature, the problem of mass cancer screening projects is discussed. In the case of breast cancer the evidence for a reduction of mortality in the age group over 50 seems conclusive, whereas the specific role of mammography is still controversial. At present, no routine mammographic screening should be undertaken in women under 50 years of age. There is presumptive evidence that routine proctosigmoidoscopy for early diagnosis of cancer of the large bowel reduces mortality. However, this method seems of doubtful practical value for financial and psychological reasons. There is reason to believe that improvement in colorectal survival rates may be expected with widespread use of the "Hemoccult" test. Routine screening for cervical cancer should be continued, although the epidemiological evidence of its value is only circumstantial. In the case of lung cancer, there is not much hope that secondary prevention will improve mortality rates. Earlier detection of prostatic cancer by means of digital examination may eventually improve mortality rates, but at present the evidence is lacking.
 ...
PMID:[Problems of early detection of neoplasms from an epidemiological point of view]. 68 99

1. Cancer of the large bowel is second in cancer incidence to lung cancer in Kentucky and in the United States. It is second only to breast cancer in women. 2. It is far more common in the United States and countries with people in the higher socio-economic levels. 3. In addition to the well known associated or premalignant disease, diets high in fats and proteins are thought to increase the risk of the disease. 4. Much research is being carried on to determine other factors in the etiology of this condition. 5. The treatment of choice is still surgical removal of the lesion and all node-bearing and neighboring tissue, including the no-touch isolation technique with early ligation of the section of bowel to be removed. 6. Chemotherapy and radiation therapy are of proven value in more advanced disease. 7. Carcinoembryonic antigen is of value in the prognosis of colorectal cancer.
 ...
PMID:Cancer of the large bowel with special reference to incidence and etiology. 71 4

Forty patients with advanced solid tumors of diverse primary sites received a combination of cyclophosphamide (1 gm/m2), cytosine arabinoside (300 mg/m2), and methotrexate (80 mg/m2) given intermittently at 2-3-week intervals. Eight of the 40 patients received citrovorum factor rescue. The major limitation of therapy was suppression of bone marrow elements. Only minimal nonhematologic toxicity was encountered. Granulocytes appeared the most sensitive. The first course of treatment produced median nadir granulocyte and platelet counts of 1200 and 100,000 cells/mm3 respectively. Subsequent courses were tolerated with no evidence of increasing myelosuppression. Objective antitumor responses were noted in five of 16 patients with lung cancer and in eight of 14 women with breast cancer with a median duration of 8 months.
 ...
PMID:Combination chemotherapy with cyclophosphamide (NSC-26271), cytosine arabinoside (NSC-63878), and methotrexate (NSC-740) in advanced solid tumors. 76 48

Three hundred and ninety-eight patients with disseminated solid tumors other than breast cancer, were treated with a combination chemotherapy protocol utilizing cyclophosphamide, vincristine sulfate, methotrexate, 5-fluorouracil, and prednisone. Three hundred and eighty were evaluable (95.5%). Partial or complete tumor regressions were noted in 73 of 380 (19%) evaluable patients. Response to therapy was associated with a prolongation and survival. The largest tumor categories were lung, ovary, and gastrointestinal. The proportion of complete plus partial responses in evaluable lung cancer patients was 40/236 (17%), compared to 20/44 (45%) for ovarian cancer patients and 6/39 (15%) for gastrointestinal tumors. Of the patients who could be evaluated for toxicity, 47% had minimal or no toxicity, 51% had moderate to severe toxicity, and 2% had life threatening toxicity. Virtually all patients were treated and managed as outpatients.
 ...
PMID:Combination chemotherapy using cyclophosphamide, vincristine, methotrexate, 5-fluorouracil, and prednisone in solid tumors. 83 35

Mononuclear cells from 115 individuals were tested in a 4-h chromium release assay against two breast-cancer-derived cell lines, G11 and MCF-7, and a myeloid line, K-562, shown previously to be sensitive to natural cytotoxicity. These data were analyzed in a manner designed to detect hyperreactivity against the breast cell lines relative to the level of reactivity against K-562. A high proportion of breast cancer patients were found to be relatively hyperreactive against G11 (12/18 or 67%) and against MCF-7 (10/18 or 56%). Fibroadenoma patients were very similar to the normal females, with 0/11 hyperreactive to G11 and 1/11 (9%) to MCF-7. However, several normal males (7/17 or 41%) were hyperreactive to G11 but not to MCF-7 (2/17 or 12%). Colon cancer and lung cancer patients were also more hyperreactive to G11, 4/8 or 50% and 4/6 or 67%, respectively, than they were to MCF-7, 1/8 or 13% and 1/6 or 17%, respectively. Only fibrocystic patients resembled the breast cancer patients, with some but not as many individuals being hyperreactive to G11 (3/8 or 38%) and to MCF-7 (2/8 or 25%). With another group of individuals reproducibility of the method was demonstrated, with only 1/14 or 7% of normal females and 12/17 or 70% of breast cancer patients being hyperreactive to G11. Thus, natural cytotoxicity toward K-562 can be related to breast cancer-associated cytotoxicity toward MCF-7 in a way that distinguishes a majority of breast cancer patients specifically from other groups of individuals.
 ...
PMID:Relationship of human natural lymphocyte-mediated cytotoxicity to cytotoxicity of breast-cancer-derived target cells. 84 17

Leukocyte migration inhibition (LMI) assays were performed to detect cell-mediated immune reactions against tumor-associated antigens (TAA) of Ewing's sarcoma. With the use of crude antigen preparations obtained by 3M KCl extractions of fresh Ewing's sarcoma or of tissue culture cells derived from a pleural effusion of a Ewing's sarcoma patient, assays were performed with leukocytes from these patients, patients with other cancers, and normal donors. The results demonstrated approximately 60% or greater positive LMI reactivity in Ewing's sarcoma patients, as compared to less than 10% reactivity of normal donors, with the use of extracts of either fresh or tissue-cultured Ewing's sarcoma cells. A lower proportion of positive reactivity was observed in patients with breast and lung cancer. Further specificity tests indicated that a smaller proportion of patients with Ewing's sarcoma had LMI reactivity with KCl extracts of tissue-cultured cells derived from breast cancer of fresh lung cancer cells than did patients with the homologous disease. The results indicate that many patients with Ewing's sarcoma have cell-mediated immunity toward TAA on Ewing's sarcomas. Inasmuch as all the LMI assay were performed with allogeneic extracts, the data also suggested that different Ewing's sarcomas possess common antigens and that some breast and lung cancers may share some TAA with Ewing's sarcoma.
 ...
PMID:Leukocyte migration inhibition in patients with Ewing's sarcoma by 3-M potassium chloride extracts of fresh and tissue-cultured Ewing's sarcomas. 90 91

From the Third National Cancer Survey (TNCS) Interview Study of 7,518 incident cases, lifetime histories of occupations and industries were studied for associations with specific cancer sites and types while controlling for age, sex, race, education, use of cigarettes or alcohol, and geographic location. Lung cancer patients were found more often than expected among several categories including trucking, air transportation, wholesaling, painting, building construction, building maintenance, and manufacturing (furniture, transportation equipment, and food products). Controlling for cigarette smoking did not change these associations. Leukemia and multiple myeloma were associated with sales personnel of both sexes, whereas lymphomas and Hodgkin's disease were excessive among women working in the medical industry. Other associations included rectal cancer with several retail industries; prostate cancer with ministers, farmers, plumbers, and coal miners; malignant melanoma with school teachers; and invasive cervical cancer with women working in hotels and restaurants. Breast cancer patients were more common among women who were teachers or other professionals and who worked in business and finance (even after controlling for education). Many other findings are presented in detailed tables. Results are reported mainly as a research resource for use by other investigators doing work in this field. Suggestions are given for future studies.
 ...
PMID:Associations of cancer site and type with occupation and industry from the Third National Cancer Survey Interview. 90 93

Serum RNase (ribonuclease) of normal persons and of patients with pancreatitis, carcinoma of pancreas, or other neoplasms was determined with poly(C) as substrate. Strikingly abnormal elevations occur in the serum RNase of patients with pancreatic cancer. There is no elevation in the serum RNase level of patients with pancreatitis. Average serum RNase values of 52 normal persons, 10 patients with pancreatitis, 30 patients with pancreatic cancer, 28 patients with breast cancer, 11 patients with lung cancer, 20 patients with colon cancer, six patients with stomach cancer, and four patients with liver cancer, respectively, were 104, 120, 383, 131, 173, 197, 194, and 152 units/ml of serum. Ninety percent of the patients with pancreatic cancer were above the level of 250 units of serum and 90% of all patients with varied cancers were below this level. In the presence of severe renal insufficiency, marked elevation of serum RNase was also observed. Serum RNase, because of its unique specificity, pancreatic origin, and its abnormal elevation in sera of patients with pancreatic cancer, serves as a reliable biochemical marker of carcinoma of the pancreas in the presence of normal renal function.
 ...
PMID:Elevated serum ribonuclease in patients with pancreatic cancer. 106 80

From 1949 through 1972 at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Institute, 72 breast cancer patients developed a synchronous or metachronous solitary lung shadow. Forty-three had separate primary lung cancers; 23 had breast carcinoma metastases and six had benign lung lesions. Of these, 47% were asymptomatic and the lesions were discovered by routine chest roentgenograms. Among 49 patients who underwent pulmonary procedures, secondary involvement of regional lymphatics was noted in 22, nine of which were daughter metastases secondary to the breast deposit. In such a setting, a radical lobectomy (or pneumonectomy) would seem the operation of choice. Four patients who had primary lung cancer and five patients with pulmonary breast metastases survived five years after the thoracic procedure. Prolonged survival in these patients bore no relationship to age, sex, state of axillary lymph nodes or length of interlude between the breast and the lung cancer. Early diagnosis, the extent of the cancer and adequate excision seem to influence end results. When other primary cancers were present, in addition to those of breast and lung, these did not seem to diminish the chance for survival provided they were treated as if they existed alone. The need for strict periodic and continual followup examinations, not only in breast, but also for all cancer patients is essential for early detection of metastases or new primaries. Chest roentgenograms are an integral part of such a plan. The ambiguity of a solitary lung shadow (or at the most two or three opacities) with a known primary breast cancer requires clarification without delay as to its histologic nature so that proper treatment can be instituted and an accurate prognosis given.
 ...
PMID:Significance of a solitary lung shadow in patients with breast cancer. 111 44


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>