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Query: UMLS:C0242379 (lung cancer)
 71,905 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

With the aid of specific monoclonal antibodies, tumor tissues from 68 patients with lung cancer were examined for their expression of two small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC) antigens, Fuc-GM1 (fucosyl GM1; IV2FucII3NeuAc GgOse4) and neural-cell adhesion molecule (NCAM), and two broader tumor antigens, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and carbohydrate cancer-associated antigen CA 50. Expression of Fuc-GM1 was seen in 75% and NCAM in 78% of the SCLC specimens, but also in 12 and 20% of non-SCLC. Either or both of these antigens were expressed in more than 90% of SCLC and in 25% of non-SCLC. CEA was found in more than 80% of SCLC and non-SCLC. Expression of CA 50 was seen in 65-68% of non-SCLC and SCLC, showing preference for SCLC and lung adenocarcinoma. In SCLC, cellular expression of Fuc-GM1 was generally seen together with NCAM and CA 50, but rarely with CEA. There was considerable inter- and intratumor heterogeneity in the expression of all four antigens. The results suggest that CEA is the antigen of choice for the detection of lung cancer regardless of histotype. In combined analysis of CEA, CA 50, Fuc-GM1 and NCAM, two patterns of antigen expression were recognized that appear to discriminate between SCLC and non-SCLC tumors, respectively. A considerable fraction of SCLC and non-SCLC tumors, however, exhibited similar patterns of antigen expression. The biological and clinical significance of these observations remains to be investigated.
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PMID:Coexpression of ganglioside antigen Fuc-GM1, neural-cell adhesion molecule, carcinoembryonic antigen, and carbohydrate tumor-associated antigen CA 50 in lung cancer. 133 98

The aim of this clinically controlled trial was to assess the effect of different smoking patterns on development of different histological types of lung cancer. The study group consisted of 1,432 subjects that died due to lung cancer in the years 1980-1987. 627 of these had the histological type of the cancer determined; 54% had squamous cell cancer, 24% small cell lung cancer (SCLC), 17% adenocarcinoma. The control group consisted of 1,343 subjects that died due to other causes. Medical and social history was taken from the families of the deceased. The results of the analysis demonstrate that lung cancer development is related to smoking although differences were seen in the different types of cancer. The calculated risk of a smoker developing lung cancer-squamous cell and SCLC was respectively 15.4 and 13.5 while for adenocarcinoma it was much lower--3.1. Important differences were seen in ex-smokers developing squamous cell lung cancer and SCLC. The risk of developing squamous cell lung cancer and SCLC in this group was 89% and 88%, and adenocarcinoma only 64%. This suggests that adenocarcinoma is related more to environmental factors than the other two types of lung cancer.
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PMID:[Effect of smoking on the development of various histological types of lung cancer]. 133 52

Plasma antidiuretic hormone (ADH) was assayed before and after surgery for lung cancers. The results showed that the plasma ADH in the control group was 11.6 +/- 4.8 pg/ml in contrast to higher levels in the lung cancer patients. The ADH level was highest in patients with small cell anaplastic cancer (SCAC), and in decreasing order, adenocarcinoma, mixed cell type carcinoma and lowest in squamous cell carcinoma. The ADH levels in all patients were reduced postoperatively from one week to three months when they approached the control level. One year later, ADH became elevated again in those who developed recurrence as compared with those clinically free of the disease. The difference was most significant in patients suffering from SCAC (P < 0.05-0.001). The authors believe that ADH assay may be useful in the diagnosis, assessment of treatment and monitor or prognosis in lung cancers.
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PMID:[Dynamic study on plasma antidiuretic hormone before and after surgery for lung cancers]. 133 92

Descriptive features of bronchioloalveolar carcinoma (BAC) are presented using Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results Program population-based incidence data from 1973 through 1987, along with risk factors from histologically confirmed cases of BAC identified in a hospital-based case-control study conducted in Louisiana between 1979 and 1982. Compared to the rising incidence of lung cancer overall, BAC rates have remained relatively constant, accounting for less than 3% of all lung cancer. BAC incidence rates were higher in males, yet it explained proportionately more of the total lung cancer incidence in females. In the case-control study, 21 of the 33 cases originally ascertained from hospital pathology records were histologically confirmed as BAC. Most cases smoked cigarettes, with a 4-fold risk for ever smoking. Risks tended to increase with smoking intensity (reaching 10-fold for more than 1.5 packs/day) and duration (reaching 5-fold for more than 45 years of smoking). Following 10 or more years of employment, there was a 4-fold risk associated with motor freight occupations, along with nonsignificant excesses among construction workers, petroleum manufacturers, and sugar cane farmers. Cases were more likely than controls to have had emphysema or to have had a close family member with lung cancer. Although based on small numbers, this study suggests that BAC shares many of the epidemiological characteristics of lung adenocarcinoma.
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PMID:Epidemiology of bronchioloalveolar carcinoma. 133 48

For further study of the correlation of L-myc restriction-fragment-length polymorphism (RFLP) and metastasis of lung cancer to lymph nodes or other organs at the time of surgery, L-myc RFLP was analyzed in 252 Japanese lung-cancer patients. A close correlation between L-myc RFLP and metastasis was confirmed in this large number of patients (p = 0.01). The correlation was particularly pronounced in cases of adenocarcinoma and squamous-cell carcinoma. Poor prognosis (additional metastases after surgery) was observed in lung-cancer patients with L-S (identified as long and short bands produced with EcoRI) and S-S type L-myc RFLP. In addition, the death rate of lung-cancer patients with the L-S and S-S types was greater than that of those with the L-L type. Lung-cancer patients of the L-S and S-S types had almost 4 times higher incidence of multiple cancer in the lung, pharynx and other organs than those with the L-L type. Our results indicate that, in patients with lung cancer, genetic disposition with respect to the L-myc gene influences the extent of metastasis, the incidence of multiple cancers and prognosis.
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PMID:Correlation of L-myc RFLP with metastasis, prognosis and multiple cancer in lung-cancer patients. 134 36

From January 1984 to June 1990, we observed 42 patients with meningeal carcinomatosis, 20 men and 22 women, aged 21 to 80 years (median age, 53 years). The two most common primary malignancies were lung cancer (50%) and breast cancer (31%). Sixty-four per cent was adenocarcinoma. On the first lumbar puncture, 86% had malignant cells in the cerebrospinal fluid. The findings of brain computed tomography were hydrocephalus (62%), contrast enhancement in the cerebral sulci or basal cisterns (31%), concomitant parenchymal metastases (15%) and normal scan (18%). In five out of seven cases, myelography showed irregular filling defects over the spinal cord or cauda equina. Treatment results were evaluated in 24 patients. Eight received radiation therapy (RT) alone, and 16 had combined therapy with RT plus intrathecal methotrexate (IT MTX). Of the patients who received RT alone, only one patient with lung carcinoma was stabilized clinically. Of the cases receiving combined therapy, seven improved clinically. Six of these were patients with breast carcinoma who received IT MTX via Ommaya reservoir. The latter had a median survival of 23 weeks. The follow-up period of the entire group of patients ranged from one day to 50 weeks. The median survival was four weeks. Based on this study, combined therapy with RT and IT MTX is indicated for breast carcinoma with meningeal carcinomatosis, but the therapeutic effects are uncertain for lung carcinoma and other malignancies.
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PMID:Meningeal carcinomatosis from solid tumors: clinical analysis of 42 cases. 135 92

Intratumor injections of an immune modulator, OK-432, were administered to a 61-year-old man with inoperable lung adenocarcinoma. He received intratumor injections of OK-432, 20 K.E., twice weekly, under chest ultrasound guidance. A total dose of 240 K.E. was given in a six-week period. The tumor size decreased during a six-month follow-up period after the OK-432 injections. The immunologic profile of the patient showed neutrophilia, a decrease in the lymphocyte count in the peripheral blood and an increase in immunoglobulins after the OK-432 injections. The peripheral T-lymphocyte subsets showed a significant reduction in cytotoxic T cells and a decrease in the OKT4/OKT8 ratio. Histologic examination of the tumor after OK-432 injections showed extensive desmoplastic fibrosis. There was no evidence of lymphocyte infiltration. Intratumor injections of OK-432 may be an alternative for local control of inoperable lung cancer.
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PMID:Desmoplasia and regression of lung adenocarcinoma after intratumor injection of OK-432: report of a case. 135 54

The serum levels of sialyl stage-specific embryonic antigen (SSEA-1) in 67 patients with adenocarcinoma of the lung were studied to assess their values for diagnosis. A solid-phase immunoradiometric sandwich assay with an FH6 monoclonal antibody was used. Another 49 healthy adults, 52 patients with benign pulmonary diseases, and 142 lung cancer cases with cell types other than adenocarcinoma were evaluated for comparison. The mean (+/- S.D.) levels (U/mL) for adenocarcinoma of the lung, lung cancer other than adenocarcinoma, benign pulmonary diseases and normal subjects were 182.9 +/- 309.7, 53.5 +/- 22.6, 38.9 +/- 17.1 and 30.5 +/- 6.5, respectively. The mean serum sialyl SSEA-1 level was significantly higher in adenocarcinoma of the lung, compared with lung cancer other than adenocarcinoma (p < 0.001), benign pulmonary diseases (p < 0.001), or normal subjects (p < 0.001). For late stage (Stages III and IV, n = 58) adenocarcinoma of the lung, the mean (+/- S.D.) serum sialyl SSEA-1 level (204.3 +/- 327.6 U/mL) was significantly higher than that of earlier stage (Stages I and II, n = 9) adenocarcinoma of the lung (39.9 +/- 19.3), p < 0.001. There was no statistical difference among the mean serum levels of various histologic types of lung cancer other than adenocarcinoma (p > 0.05). In the lower range of values, considerable overlap existed between adenocarcinoma of the lung and lung cancer other than adenocarcinoma. However, very high sialyl SSEA-1 levels (> 140 U/mL) were only encountered in late stage adenocarcinoma of the lung (22/58).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Serum sialyl stage-specific embryonic antigen levels in adenocarcinoma of the lung. 136 13

To investigate the relationship between the stages of cancer development and the age trends in histologic type found at the time of disease diagnosis, we studied 1,669 patients with histologically proven lung cancer. These patients were examined at the National Taiwan University Hospital using Mantel-Haenszel Chi-square testing to determine a linear trend. These patients were divided into three age groups: group 1 (< 45 years), 141 patients (8%); group 2 (45-64 years), 946 patients (57%); group 3 (65 years or more), 582 patients (35%). The ratio of men to women was 1.4 in group 1, 2.5 in group 2 and 2.3 in group 3. In men, there was a significant trend for the proportion of squamous cell carcinoma to increase from 26% to 42% and that of adenocarcinoma to decrease from 52% to 34% as age increased. In women, an age trend for histologic type was not observed. There was also a significant trend for local-stage squamous cell carcinoma in men to increase from 18% in group 1 to 35% in group 2 and to 42% in group 3. In men, but not in women, local-stage large cell carcinoma increased from 20% in group 1 to 31% in group 2 and to 64% in group 3. However, the age-stage trend for other cell types was not significant in men.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Age trends in lung cancer. 136 8

We have analyzed the clinical significance of secondary infections associated with lung cancer patients. The incidence of secondary infections was 51.4% in 214 in-patients with lung cancer admitted to our institution in 1988 and 1989, and almost all of them had respiratory tract infections. The incidence was high in patients with cell types other than adenocarcinoma, and in those with hypoproteinemia, impaired cellular immunity and obstruction of the airway. The prognosis in patients with infection was much poorer than that in patients without infection. Major causative pathogens were Staphylococcus aureus including methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA), Haemophilus influenzae, Klebsiella spp. and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. These pathogens except for H. influenzae were isolated at the terminal stage, in cases with airway obstruction and in post cancer-chemotherapeutic phase. The efficacy rate of 194 chemotherapeutic regimens against infection was 57.7%. Although the efficacy rate in 1988 and 1989 exceeded that in the 1970s, there was no significant difference in the efficacy rate between monotherapy (57.1%) and combined therapy (59.3%). The effectiveness was very poor for infections caused by P. aeruginosa and MRSA, or for cases with airway obstruction and marked impairment of pulmonary blood flow. The above results showed that a new combined therapy as well as the measures to improve the general condition of compromised hosts are required in the treatment of secondary infections in these patients.
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PMID:[Respiratory infections associated with lung cancer]. 137 Oct 46


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