Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0242339 (dyslipidemia)
 13,927 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Subjects with chronic renal failure have a greatly increased risk of coronary heart disease and dyslipidemia. Relatively few studies have examined the relationship of chronic renal failure to lipoprotein (Lp)(a) concentrations, an important risk factor for coronary heart disease. Diabetic subjects have been reported to have both increased Lp(a) concentrations and an increased risk of renal failure, thereby possibly confounding the Lp(a)-renal failure association. The association between Lp(a) and chronic renal failure in 359 control subjects and 111 subjects with renal failure was examined. Lp(a) (in milligrams per deciliter) was elevated in subjects with chronic renal failure, regardless of ethnicity (Mexican Americans, 19.8 +/- 2.7 versus 14.1 +/- 1.3; P = 0.03; non-Hispanic white patients, 24.9 +/- 3.0 versus 16.3 +/- 1.2; P = 0.006;). These differences persisted after adjustment for diabetes and ethnicity (P < 0.001). The type of treatment for chronic renal failure (diet, hemodialysis, or peritoneal dialysis) did not have an effect on Lp(a) concentrations. Lp(a) levels were not correlated with the level of creatinine in subjects with chronic renal failure. Thus, the elevation of Lp(a) levels in renal failure must occur early in renal failure, or alternatively, elevated Lp(a) levels may promote progression to chronic renal failure. These results indicate that Lp(a) concentrations are increased in chronic renal failure and may increase the risk for coronary heart disease in these subjects.
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PMID:Increased lipoprotein(a) concentrations in chronic renal failure. 148 54

During a transverse survey, 3 groups of men with the same weight and age were compared. Group I included 42 patients with coronary disease documented by coronarography, group 2 included 19 subjects with normal coronary angiograms, and group 3 included 27 healthy controls who had not undergone coronarography. Subjects presenting diabetes or any factor associated with secondary dyslipidemia or able to modify lipid levels were excluded from study. The following parameters were measured: total cholesterol (Chol), triglycerides (TG), HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C), LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C), apoprotein A1 (apoA1), apoprotein B (apoB), lipoprotein (a) or Lp(a), fibrinogen, insulinemia and plasminogen activator inhibitor activity (PAI). The levels of chol, LDL-C and ApoB were the same in the 3 groups. The levels of TG, HDL-C, apoA1 and the ApoA-1/APoB ratio were significantly different between groups 1 and 2, on the one hand, and groups 1 and 3, on the other hand. The levels of Lp(a) and insulin were similar in the 3 groups. Fibrinogen levels were slightly higher in group 1 than in group 3. There was no significant difference between groups 1 and 2 with regard to any of the parameters. Subjects with angiographically normal coronary arteries and subjects with documented coronary disease exhibited similar lipid abnormalities. In this study, TG, HDL-chol, apoA1 and the apoB ratio were better predictors of cardiovascular risk than Chol, LDL-C or apoB.
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PMID:[Lipid indicators of vascular risk. A cross-sectional study of a group of coronary patients, a group of subjects with normal coronary angiography and a control group]. 156 63

HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors have been proven effective in decreasing the plasma cholesterol levels in patients affected with various forms of hypercholesterolemia, familial dysbetalipoproteinemia, familial combined hyperlipidemia and in nephrotic and diabetic dyslipidemia. The purpose of this study was to monitor and evaluate the efficiency and safety of the therapy with simvastatin, an HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor, in a group of patients treated by continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) with severe hypercholesterolemia. Monitoring of the changes occurring in the various lipids and apolipoproteins in these patients included the measurements of the plasma lipids and apolipoproteins A-I, A-II, B, C-II, A-IV and Lp(a). Lipoproteins were separated by gel filtration, on a Superose 6HR column, before and after 24 weeks of treatment. The patterns were compared to those observed in a group of primary hyperlipidemic patients treated with Lovastatin, a compound of the same class. The drug was well tolerated by the CAPD patients and no adverse reaction was observed. In addition to the decrease of the total and LDL cholesterol, similar to that reported in other groups of patients, we further observed a decrease of the apo E concentration in both the CAPD and the hyperlipidemic patients. This decrease was especially pronounced in the HDLE fraction and could involve an upregulation of the apo B-E and/or apo E receptor. These results should provide information about the mechanism of action of this drug in patients with end-stage renal disease.
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PMID:Effect of simvastatin treatment on the dyslipoproteinemia in CAPD patients. 187 12

The serum lipoprotein Lp(a) concentration was measured in 1065 individuals in order to assess whether there was a relation between the type of dyslipidemia and the level of Lp(a). Males and females, aged between 2 and 83 years old, were included in the study. Quantification was performed by an immunonephelometric technique. The whole population was divided into normolipidemic (NL), type IIa without xanthoma (type IIa), type IIa with xanthoma (FH), type IIb and type IV phenotypes. Lp(a) level was arbitrarily divided into 5 subclasses in each group of dyslipidemia and in the normolipidemic group. In addition each group was divided according to sex and whether or not they were under treatment. We observed a significant difference between the median Lp(a) level of the normolipidemic group (NL) and of the dyslipidemic group as a whole. Median Lp(a) levels in the 4 dyslipidemic groups did not differ significantly. Sex, age and treatment did not influence the distribution of Lp(a) values distribution. Only weak correlations (Spearman's rank test) were observed between Lp(a) and other lipid parameters (total cholesterol, LDL, apo B, HDL, triglycerides): the highest correlation (r' = 0.15) was between Lp(a) and apo B. We conclude that Lp(a) level is not influenced by the type of dyslipidemia, sex or hypolipidemic drugs.
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PMID:Lp(a) levels in different types of dyslipidemia in the French population. 214 72

The early lesions of atherosclerosis in youth are strongly related to antemortem levels of total and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) cholesterol, and triglyceride to ponderal index and to blood pressure. The major apolipoproteins of LDL and high-density lipoprotein (HDL), apoB and apoA1 respectively, and levels of Lp(a) lipoprotein are often abnormal in children born in a family with premature coronary artery disease (CAD). Other risk factors for CAD include obesity, high blood pressure, cigarette smoking, diabetes mellitus, positive family history of CAD, and physical inactivity. Children from families with premature CAD, dyslipidemia, or hypertension, and/or two other risk factors should have a lipoprotein profile determined. Treatment begins with a diet low in total fat, saturated fat, and cholesterol, combined with treatment of overnutrition and obesity, if necessary, and regular habits of aerobic physical activity. Children with inherited disorders of LDL metabolism may require the addition of lipid-lowering therapy. The early detection and treatment of youth at risk for premature CAD offer the greatest promise to decrease morbidity and mortality.
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PMID:Detection and treatment of elevated blood lipids and other risk factors for coronary artery disease in youth. 769 75

Epidemiological studies have elucidated that diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the risk factors of coronary heart disease and that DM often accompanies dyslipidemia. Dyslipidemia in DM can be classified as either quantitative or qualitative. Although dyslipdemia in DM is affected by the type of DM and glycemic conditions, the characteristics of dyslipidemia in DM, especially in NIDDM are the increase in triglycerides accompanied by the decrease in HDL-cholesterol level. Recently, new commercial kits for measurement of atherogenic lipoproteins which increase in DM are clinically available. The usefulness of these kits in DM was reviewed. Polyacrylamide electrophoresis can detect IDL and Lp(a) qualitatively. It has also become possible to estimate Lp(a) quantitatively by ELISA, TIA and LIA methods. Remnant lipoprotein can be measured in the fraction unbound to anti-apo A1 and anti-apo B100 antibodies by immunoaffinity gel analysis. Apoproteins, apoprotein E phenotype, post-heparin lipoprotein lipase, and Lp AI (HDL with apo AI and without apo AII) can be measured by the commercially available kits. Modified LDLs (glycated, oxidative) increase in DM, but their measurements remain complicated at the moment. Analysis of plasma fatty acids by gaschromatography is useful for dietary assessment. The measurement of these new markers seems to be useful to assess the extent of atherogenic risk in DM.
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PMID:[Plasma fatty acids, lipids, lipoprotein and macroangiopathy]. 778 61

The early lesions of atherosclerosis in youth are strongly related to antemortem levels of total and low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) cholesterol, and triglyceride, to ponderal index and to systolic and diastolic blood pressure. The major apolipoproteins of LDL and high density lipoprotein (HDL), apo B and apo A1, respectively, as well as levels of Lp(a) lipoprotein are often abnormal in children born to a parent with coronary artery disease (CAD). Other risk factors for CAD include obesity, high blood pressure, cigarette smoking, diabetes mellitus, positive family history of CAD and physical inactivity. Children from families with premature CAD, familial dyslipidemia or hypertension, and/or two other risk factors should have a lipoprotein profile determined. The first form of treatment is a diet low in total fat, saturated fat and cholesterol, combined with treatment of overnutrition and obesity, if necessary, and regular habits of aerobic physical activity. Children with inherited disorders of LDL metabolism may require the addition of lipid lowering therapy. The early detection and treatment of youth at risk for premature CAD offers the greatest promise to decrease morbidity and mortality.
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PMID:Dyslipoproteinemia and other risk factors for atherosclerosis in children and adolescents. 780 29

Chronic hemodialysis (CHD) patients have a high incidence and prevalence of atherosclerotic disease which may be related to numerous atherosclerotic risk factors. Among them dyslipidemia plays a significant role. Elevated Lp(a) levels, which are strongly associated with atherosclerosis, have been reported recently in uremic patients. The aim of our study was the determination of the levels of lipid parameters including Lp(a) in 151 CHD patients (76 male) aged 57 (12-81) years, who were on hemodialysis for a mean of 44.3 (range 1 to 189) months. Eighty-four normal individuals age and sex matched were used as controls. The median serum Lp(a) concentration in hemodialysis patients was 13 mg/dL compared with 6.5 mg/dL in healthy controls, p < 0.001 by distribution-free Mann-Whitney test. The prevalence of subjects with Lp(a) levels above 25 mg/dL was significantly higher in CHD patients compared to normal subjects (30% vs. 8%, p < 0.001). Even if CHD patients were matched for fasting lipid levels, they showed Lp(a) levels significantly higher than controls. No significant correlation was found between Lp(a) levels and either the age of the patients or the duration of hemodialysis. The etiology of primary renal disease did not influence the Lp(a) levels.
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PMID:Lipid parameters including Lp(a) in hemodialysis patients. 793 58

Four-year-old schoolchildren with a positive family history for atherogenic dyslipidemia and/or clinical atheroma before 55 years of age were screened for hypercholesterolemia. Investigations included determination of serum levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL cholesterol, apolipoprotein A1, apolipoprotein B, and Lp(a); an agarose lipidogram; acrylamide gradient electrophoresis; and determination of LDL composition by ultracentrifugation. Normal values were defined as values under the 90th centile, i.e., 1.97 g/l for total cholesterol, 0.89 g/l for triglycerides, 1.36 g/l for LDL-cholesterol, and 1.26 g/l for apolipoprotein B. Among 3,565 children routinely evaluated at 4 years of age, 525 (16.2%) had a positive family history; of these, 72 underwent lipid investigations. Eight children (11%) had hypercholesterolemia type IIA, eight had a variety of lipid disorders, and 14 (20.6%) had increased Lp(a) levels as an isolated anomaly or concomitantly with an atherogenic dyslipidemia. Because Lp(a) is a cardiovascular risk factor independent from total cholesterol levels, we believe this parameter should be determined in high risk children.
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PMID:[Screening in the school milieu, at 4 years old, for hypercholesterolemia]. 823 96

Dyslipidemia is an important risk factor for atherosclerotic vascular disease. Serum lipoprotein (a) [Lp(a)] has been implicated as an independent atherogenic risk factor. We measured serum (Lp(a) levels in our patients and studied its correlations with other lipoproteins and clinical parameters. All stable patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) for more than one month were enrolled in the study. Fasting serum Lp(a), total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, apolipoprotein-A and apolipoprotein-B levels were measured on entering the CAPD program and at 3 monthly intervals. One hundred and nine patients (M/F: 65/44, mean age +/- SD: 59.5 +/- 12.0 years) were studied. Fifty-two patients had diabetes mellitus. Age- and sex-matched normals were used as controls. Serum Lp(a) levels were raised in 54.5% of CAPD patients compared to 18.6% of controls (p < 0.01). There was no significant change in Lp(a) levels over time. Serum Lp(a) levels showed positive and negative correlations with LDL-cholesterol and triglycerides, respectively, but not with age, sex, diabetic status, and serum total cholesterol and albumin levels. Thirty-six of 54 (66.7%) patients with serum Lp(a) levels greater than 30 mg/dL had either coronary, cerebral, and/or peripheral vascular disease compared to 30/55 (54.5%) of patients with serum Lp(a) levels less than 30 mg/dL (p = NS). In conclusion, serum Lp(a) levels were raised in a significant proportion of CAPD patients, but there was no significant association with vascular disease.
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PMID:Lipoprotein (a) levels and clinical correlations in CAPD patients. 853 86


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