Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0242339 (dyslipidemia)
 13,927 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

There is a clearly documented link between diabetic complications and lipid peroxidation. Hyperglycemia causes a reduction in levels of protective endogenous antioxidants and increases generation of free radicals. The present study was carried out to compare the protective effects of melatonin and vitamin E against streptozocin (STZ)-induced diabetes in rats. Melatonin was administered s.c. (100 microg/kg) whereas vitamin E was given i.p. (100 mg/kg) after induction of diabetes with STZ (60 mg/kg). Plasma total cholesterol, triglyceride and low density lipoprotein (LDL) levels were increased in STZ group while both melatonin and vitamin E injection caused a significant decrease in the levels of all these parameters. The lipid lowering effect of melatonin was greater than that of vitamin E. Melatonin caused a significant decrease in brain, liver and kidney tissue malondialdehyde (MDA) levels which were increased because of STZ-induced diabetes. Vitamin E also reduced elevated MDA concentrations in diabetic rat tissues, but the effect of melatonin was more potent than that of vitamin E. Furthermore, treatment of diabetic rats with melatonin increased brain and kidney glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity to the levels below that of control rats. Vitamin E was found to be less effective on GSH-Px activity levels in brain and kidney than melatonin whereas it was more potent than melatonin in liver. In summary, melatonin prevents many diabetic complications by reducing oxidative stress and protects organisms from oxidative damage and dyslipidemia. Considering the much lower molar concentration of melatonin compared with vitamin E, melatonin seems to be a more potent antioxidant, especially in the brain and kidney.
 ...
PMID:Comparative analysis of the protective effects of melatonin and vitamin E on streptozocin-induced diabetes mellitus. 1198 91

Free oxygen radicals and insufficient antioxidant enzymes have been implicated in the pathogenesis of hypercholesterolemia (HC). Trace elements function as cofactors in antioxidant enzymes. Antioxidant system and trace elements were investigated in many different studies including HC, but these subjects have not been investigated as a whole in these patients. The aim of the present study was to investigate the antioxidative system and trace elements in hypercholesterolemic patients given fluvastatin therapy. We examined malondialdehyde (MDA), copper zinc-superoxide dismutase (CuZn-SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities together with copper (Cu), iron (Fe), and zinc (Zn) levels in erythrocytes of 35 patients with HC and 27 healthy control subjects. It was found that in patients with HC, erythrocyte MDA was significantly higher than those of controls and erythrocyte CuZn-SOD and GSH-Px activities were significantly lower in patients with HC. Erythrocyte iron levels were significantly higher than those of controls, and erythrocyte copper and zinc levels were significantly lower in patients with HC. Plasma lipid levels and the oxidative state were analyzed in statin-treatment groups given fluvastatin therapy before and after a 3-mo treatment period. In conclusion, we found that fluvastatin has significant antioxidant properties and these effects might be very important in managing dyslipidemia by improving endothelial function.
 ...
PMID:Effects of statins on oxidative stress. 1507 10

Hypothyroidism enhances the progression of atherogenesis. Furthermore, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and obesity are known risk factors for atherosclerosis. Oxidative stress is implicated in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases. However, there are contradicting reports on the existence of oxidative stress in hypothyroidism. Thus, the aim of the study is to evaluate the presence of oxidative stress in hypothyroidism and, if so, its possible association with various coronary lipid risk factors. The present study was carried out in a group of 27 freshly diagnosed normotensive primary hypothyroid female patients in comparison with healthy subjects. Their body mass index (BMI), serum thyroid profile, lipid profile, glucose, protein carbonylation, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), and blood antioxidant enzyme levels were estimated. The TBARS and protein carbonylation were significantly higher in cases compared with those in controls. Reduced glutathione was lower and glutathione peroxidase was higher in the test group compared with those in controls. Various lipid risk factors for coronary artery disease were significantly higher among the hypothyroid women in comparison with those in controls. The level of TBARS correlated significantly with various lipid risk factors among the hypothyroid women even after correcting the effect of BMI. However, no significant associations were observed between BMI and these risk factors when the effect of TBARS was nullified. In hypothyroidism, the coronary lipid risk factors seem to be more associated with lipid peroxidation than BMI. In conclusion, the present study indicates the presence of oxidative stress in hypothyroid patients and its association with atherogenic dyslipidemia, which is independent of BMI.
 ...
PMID:Association between oxidative stress and coronary lipid risk factors in hypothyroid women is independent of body mass index. 1788 44

To study the effects of diclofenac, a nonselective nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), on lipid profile, oxidized low-density-lipoprotein (Ox-LDL), serum antioxidant defenses and markers of oxidative stress, male Wistar rats were divided into two groups (n=10): (C) receiving intramuscularly a single daily dose of saline (NaCl 0.9%), and (AI) receiving intramuscularly a single daily dose of 10 mg/kg diclofenac sodium (C14H10Cl2NNaO2). After 28 days diclofenac-treated rats had lower Ox-LDL, apoprotein B (apo-B), apo-B/LDL-cholesterol and lipid hydroperoxide than C. Total antioxidant substances and superoxide dismutase were increased in diclofenac-treated rats, while no significant changes were observed in catalase, glutathione peroxidase and nitric oxide. A perincubation test done to examine the possibility of mechanism-based activation showed that diclofenac had no effect on maximal superoxide dismutase velocity, but significantly reduced the Michaelis-Menten (KM) constant, indicating that diclofenac induced SOD activation increasing substrate linkage affinity to the enzyme-catalytic site. In conclusion, diclofenac had beneficial effects decreasing Ox-LDL and improving antioxidant defense. It appears that the application of this agent may be feasible and beneficial for serum antioxidant protection, which certainly would bring new insights on dyslipidemia control.
 ...
PMID:Beneficial effects of diclofenac therapy on serum lipids, oxidized low-density lipoprotein and antioxidant defenses in rats. 1834 92

It has been proposed that nephrotic syndrome is a consequence of an imbalance between oxidant/antioxidant statuses. The present study aimed to assess oxidant and antioxidant status in relation to dyslipidemia in children during remission and relapse phases of steroid sensitive nephrotic syndrome (SSNS). The study dealt with 40 children diagnosed as SSNS. They were categorized into two subgroups. The first subgroup included 25 children during remission stage. The second subgroup included 15 children during relapse. Control group consisted of age and gender-matched 15 healthy children. Significantly higher serum levels of malondialdehyde, oxidized LDL, total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, triglycerides, apolipoprotein A-I, and apolipoprotein-B were observed in patients with SSNS especially in the relapsers. The serum levels of albumin, glutathione peroxidase activity, vitamin C, A, and E, and HDL cholesterol were significantly lower in patients especially among relapsers. In conclusion, a strong relationship between the oxidant/antioxidant status and dyslipidemia is documented in patients with SSNS, especially among relapsers. No normalization of the biochemical indices was observed despite the use of glucocorticoids. Therefore, the combined use of steroid, antioxidant therapy, and lipid lowering therapy can be recommended in such children.
 ...
PMID:Oxidative modification of low-density lipoprotein in relation to dyslipidemia and oxidant status in children with steroid sensitive nephrotic syndrome. 1835 47

In this study, the effect of dahi containing probiotic Lactobacillus acidophilus NCDC14 and Lactobacillus casei NCDC19 (73 x 10(8) cfu/g) on progression of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes in rats (15 g/day/rat) for 28 days was investigated. Feeding of probiotic dahi significantly suppressed the incremental peaks and area under the curve and delayed reduction of insulin secretion during oral glucose tolerance test more than skim milk or control dahi. The feeding of milk products reduced the total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL and VLDL-cholesterol and increased HDL-cholesterol levels (P<0.05). Moreover, probiotic dahi significantly suppressed STZ-induced oxidative damage in pancreatic tissues by inhibiting the lipid peroxidation and formation of nitric oxide, and preserving antioxidant pool such as glutathione content and activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase. The results suggest that the supplementation of probiotic Lb. acidophilus and Lb. casei with dahi cultures increased the efficacy of dahi to suppress STZ-induced diabetes in rats by inhibiting depletion of insulin as well as preserving diabetic dyslipidemia, and inhibiting lipid peroxidation and nitrite formation. This may empower antioxidant system of beta-cells and may slow down the reduction of insulin and elevation of blood glucose levels.
 ...
PMID:Oral administration of dahi containing probiotic Lactobacillus acidophilus and Lactobacillus casei delayed the progression of streptozotocin-induced diabetes in rats. 1847 36

Dyslipidemia in patients with glycogen storage disease types Ia (GSD Ia) and III (GSD III) does not lead to premature atherosclerosis. The aim of this study was to investigate the association among serum copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), iron (Fe), and selenium (Se) concentrations, and their carrier proteins: ceruloplasmin, albumin, and related antioxidant enzyme activities [superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), paraoxonase (PON), and arylesterase (ARYL)] in 20 GSD Ia and 14 III patients compared to age and sex matched 20 healthy subjects. Erythrocyte oxidative stress was measured by erythrocyte thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (eTBARSs). Hypertriglyceridemia [333 (36-890)mg/dL] in GSD Ia and hypercholesterolemia with elevated LDL-cholesterol [188 (91-313)mg/dL] and decreased HDL-cholesterol [32(23-58)mg/dL] levels in GSD III were found. Serum Cu, Fe, and Zn showed no significant differences between groups. However, Se 60 (54-94), 81 (57-127) microg/L, ceruloplasmin 21 (10-90), 27 (23-65) microg/L, and albumin 2.4 (1.7-5.1), 2.8 (1.8-4.06)g/dL levels were decreased in GSD Ia and III groups, respectively, in comparison with the controls [Se 110 (60-136) microg/L, ceruloplasmin 72 (32-94) microg/L, and albumin 4.4 (4-4.8)g/dL)]. In spite of high oxidative stress in erythrocyte detected by elevated eTBARS/Hb levels in GSD group [674.8 (454.6-948.2) for GSD Ia, 636.3 (460.9-842.1) for GSD III, and 525.6 (449.2-612.6)], the activities of CAT, SOD, ARYL, and PON in GSD patients were not different from the controls. GPx activity was decreased in GSD Ia [3.7 (1.8-7.1)U/mL] and GSD III [4.2 (2.2-8.6)U/mL] compared with healthy controls [7.1 (2.9-16.2)U/mL]. In conclusion, this study supplied the data for trace elements, their carrier, and antioxidative enzymes in the patients with GSD Ia and III. The trace elements and anti-oxidative enzyme levels in GSD patients failed to explain the atherosclerotic escape phenomenon reported in these patients.
 ...
PMID:An association among iron, copper, zinc, and selenium, and antioxidative status in dyslipidemic pediatric patients with glycogen storage disease types IA and III. 2012 79

The condition of the system "prooxidants-antioxidants" in dynamic model alimentary dyslipidemia in Vistar rats of the lines were studied. General antioxidant activities, activities of antioxidant enzymes (katalase, glutathione reductase, glutathione peroxidase), levels of glutathione, products of lipoperoxides in blood and liver, intensive forming of the oxide nitrogen and monoxide carbon were investigated. The role of the signal molecules (oxide nitrogen and monoxide carbon) in regulation oxidative stress was discussed. It is shown that breach of the dynamic balance between synthesis of oxide nitrogen and monoxide carbon displaces the compensation response in the "prooxidants-antioxidants" system. The reinforcement formation of monoxide carbon decreases synthesis of oxide nitrogen by cells, activation of the lipoperoxidation processes, progressive oxidative stress, apoptosis induction signal.
 ...
PMID:[The regulatory role of the oxide nitrogen and monoxide carbon under oxidative stress in experimental dyslipidemia]. 2058 76

Lipid metabolism disorder and oxidative stress play an important role on the development and progression of alcoholic liver disease (ALD), and mitochondria compartment is presumed as the main source and susceptible target of intracellular ROS. The objective of this study was to evaluate the protective effect of quercetin, a naturally occurring flavonoids possessing both antioxidant and hypolipidemic effect, on ethanol-induced dyslipidemia and oxidative damage focused on mitochondria. Chronic alcohol administration for adult male rats (4.0 g/kg for 90 days) resulted in the leakage of alanine and especially aspartate aminotransferases, and morphological malformation mainly evidenced by sustained lipid infiltration and degenerative changes on mitochondria and rough endoplasmic reticulum, which was markedly alleviated by quercetin (100 mg/kg.bw.) pretreatment. Furthermore, quercetin prophylaxis evidently ameliorated ethanol-stimulated mitochondrial dysfunction manifested by decreased membrane potential and induced permeability transition though suppressing glutathione depletion, enzymatic inactivation of manganese superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase, ROS over-generation, and lipid peroxidation in mitochondria. Quercetin, thus, may protect rat, especially hepatic mitochondria, from chronic ethanol toxicity through its hypolipidemic effect and antioxidative role, highlighting a promising preventive strategy for ALD by naturally occurring phytochemicals.
 ...
PMID:Quercetin prevents ethanol-induced dyslipidemia and mitochondrial oxidative damage. 2236 92

The prevalence of obesity has been rising alarmingly and it has now become a global concern causing an enormous economic burden on the health care system. Obesity is generally linked to complications in lipid metabolism and oxidative stress. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of rosuvastatin (10 mg/kg, po) on obesity-induced oxidative stress in high fat-fed Wistar rats. Oral administration of rosuvastatin (10 mg/kg) for 21 days along with high fat diet brought about significant elevation in serum high density lipoprotein and cardiac antioxidant enzymes levels (superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione peroxidase-, glutathione reductase- and glutathione-S-transferase) while decreasing in serum lactate dehydrogenase, apolipoprotein-B, lipids (triglycerides, total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein-cholesterol, very low density lipoprotein-cholesterol and atherogenic index) and cardiac thiobarbituric acid reactive substances levels. The results were comparable with orlistat, a standard antiobesity drug. These preliminary results for the first time demonstrate that administration of rosuvastatin can be beneficial for the suppression of obesity-induced oxidative stress and dyslipidemia in high fat-fed Wistar rats.
 ...
PMID:Effect of rosuvastatin on obesity-induced cardiac oxidative stress in Wistar rats--a preliminary study. 2243 37


1 2 3 4 5 Next >>