Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0242339 (dyslipidemia)
 13,927 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

1. The effects of nitric oxide (NO) on vascular reactivity and platelet function in the obese (cp/cp) and lean (+/?) JCR:LA-cp rats were investigated. 2. Phenylephrine (PE; 0.1 nM-10 microM) induced contraction of isolated aortic rings in both genotypes (cp/cp and +/?) of JCR:LA-cp rats. The sensitivity to contraction with PE was enhanced in cp/cp compared with +/? rings. Rings from both genotypes showed an increased contraction upon removal of the endothelium. 3. Acetylcholine (ACh; 0.1 nM-10 microM)-induced endothelium-dependent relaxation of rings was not significantly different in the two genotypes. Both were inhibited to a similar extent by NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME; 0.01-1 mM) when administered in vitro. 4. The nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitor (L-NAME; 0.3, 1 or 3 mg ml(-1), p.o.) when administered in vivo increased blood pressure in cp/cp rats but not in +/? rats. 5. L-NAME resulted in greater inhibition of ACh-induced relaxation in cp/cp rings compared with +/? rings. 6. L-NAME treatment in vivo caused a decrease in cyclic GMP and NOS activity in rings from cp/cp but not +/? rats. 7. The NO donor, S-nitroso-N-acetyl-DL-penicillamine (SNAP; 0.1 nM-10 microM)-induced relaxation of rings from +/? rats, an effect enhanced by the treatment with L-NAME in vivo. 8. Oral administration of L-NAME did not enhance the vasorelaxant effect of SNAP on rings of aorta from cp/cp animals. 9. Platelet aggregation and NOS activity were similar in both genotypes and were not modified by oral administration of L-NAME. 10. These results show that unimpaired generation of NO is crucial for maintenance of vascular tone particularly under conditions of vascular insult exemplified by insulin resistance, obesity and dyslipidemia detected in cp/cp rats.
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PMID:Inhibition of nitric oxide generation unmasks vascular dysfunction in insulin-resistant, obese JCR:LA-cp rats. 964 54

Anesthesia during and after off-pump surgery is critical for the outcome of the procedure. Intubation time has been shown to correlate with ICU time and length of stay. This study is to evaluate the extubation time and predictors of prolonged extubation in this institution. One hundred and sixty consecutive patients during Jan 2001-June 2002, excluding pre-operative tracheostomy (n = 1) were retrospectively reviewed. Anesthetic agents include fentanyl, rocuronium Bromide, midazolam and sevoflurane. Phenylephrine and nitroglycerine were used to maintain adequate arterial pressures. Post-operative pain control was mainly with intravenous fentanyl and oral pain medications. The extubation time was divided into 4 groups; 0-2 h, n = 76, mean = 1.11 +/- 0.5 h; 2-4 h, n = 30, mean = 2.91 +/- 0.5 h; 4-24 h, n = 39, mean = 11.44 +/- 7.3 h; > 24 h, n = 5, mean = 33.3 +/- 21 h. The data were collected and analyzed following the guidelines of National STS cardiac surgery database. All pre-operative risk factors included: Age (> 70 yrs vs < or = 70 yrs), gender (male vs female), diabetes (yes vs no), hypertension (yes vs no), morbid obesity (yes vs no), renal insufficiency (yes vs no), chronic obstructive lung disease (yes vs no), history of cerebrovascular accident (yes vs no), smoking (yes vs no), dyslipidemia (yes vs no), history of myocardial infarction (MI) (yes vs no), history of congestive heart failure (CHF) (yes vs no), unstable angina (yes vs no), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) (> 40% vs < or = 40%), left main (LM) lesion (LM > 50% vs LM < or = 50%), intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) used (yes vs no) and time between operating and closing (> 4.30 h vs < or = 4.30 h) were used to predict failed early extubation (2 h). More than 50 per cent of the patients were extubated in less than 2 h (1.11 +/- 0.5 h) and only 5 patients were extubated after 24 h. Univariate analysis revealed old age, diabetes, MI, CHF, LVEF < or = 0.4 and the use of IABP are the predictors (p < 0.05) of failed early extubation. Multivariate analysis of these variables revealed old age with adjusted odds ratio of 4.6 (95% CI = 1.5-13.7) p < 0.01, diabetes with adjusted odds ratio of 3.2 (95% CI = 1.3-7.5) p < 0.01 and IABP used with adjusted odds ratio of 4.3 (95% CI = 1.3-14.6) p = 0.02 are the predictors of fail early extubation. The findings suggested early extubation is possible in OPCAB surgery and attention should be made when operate in patients who have old age, diabetes, and IABP used.
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PMID:Off-pump coronary artery bypass surgery: evaluation of extubation time and predictors of failed early extubation. 1286 66