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Query: UMLS:C0242339 (dyslipidemia)
 13,927 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Changing in lipid spectrum, immunological state and coagulation in the 68 patients with IHD and atherogenic dyslipidemia who were taking biomass microalga Spirulina platensis was investigated. Modification of traditional plan of therapy of IHD when adding microalga Spirulina p. influences correcting effect to cascade procoagulation and immunopathological reactions, characteristic of atherosclerosis process.
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PMID:[Use of blue-green micro-seaweed Spirulina platensis for the correction of lipid and hemostatic disturbances in patients with ischemic heart disease]. 1487 May 86

Cardiovascular disease post-transplant, particularly ischemic heart disease, is a significant problem for all transplant recipients. The major risk factors-smoking, obesity, diabetes, dyslipidemia and hypertension-are often more prevalent in heart transplant populations than in the general population. One of the main risk factors influencing graft loss and patient survival is cardiac allograft vasculopathy (CAV). Because CAV affects between 30% and 60% of cardiac transplant recipients within 5 years of surgery, prevention is a key focus for cardiac transplant teams today. CAV is caused by both immunologic mechanisms (e.g., acute rejection and anti-HLA antibodies) and non-immunologic mechanisms relating to the transplant itself or the recipient (e.g., donor age, hypertension, hyperlipidemia and pre-existing diabetes) or to the side effects often associated with immunosuppression with calcineurin inhibitors or corticosteroids (e.g., cytomegalovirus infection, nephrotoxicity and new-onset diabetes after transplantation). The calcineurin inhibitors, cyclosporine and tacrolimus, effectively prevent acute rejection, but do not prevent the development of CAV. CAV prevention will require a combined approach of new adjunct immunosuppressant agents (e.g., the proliferation signal inhibitors) and reduction in cardiovascular risk. Hypertension, hyperlipidemia and diabetes are also associated with the immunosuppression required to prevent organ rejection. Some studies have shown that hypertension is present more frequently in cyclosporine-treated patients than in tacrolimus-treated patients and that tacrolimus may be associated with a more favorable lipid profile. On the other hand, tacrolimus may be more diabetogenic than cyclosporine with current data suggesting a trend but no statistically significant supporting evidence. New-onset diabetes after transplantation is at times difficult to manage and may be an important determinant along with hypertension and hyperlipidemia of ischemic heart disease, cerebrovascular disease and peripheral vascular disease. The choice of calcineurin inhibitor for an immunosuppressive regimen in heart transplantation should consider the associated relative cardiovascular risks.
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PMID:Cardiac allograft vasculopathy after heart transplantation: risk factors and management. 1509 4

Hyperuricemia (HU) is present in 5-30% of the general population, although the prevalence is higher among some ethnic groups and seems to be increasing worldwide. Classically, chronic HU has been considered a risk factor for gout or lithiasis and is associated with alcoholism, obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia, hyperglycemia/diabetes mellitus, renal failure and intake of certain drugs. HU is also associated with cardiovascular diseases such as hypertension, vascular disease, pre-eclampsia, pulmonary arterial hypertension, stroke, heart failure, ischemic heart disease and also metabolic syndrome, renal disease and increased mortality. It is uncertain if these associations are dependent or not, especially cardiovascular and renal diseases. Patients with chronic HU and also those with gout require both medical investigation for associated diseases or drugs as well as nutritional counseling and life-style changes. HU should alert physicians to possible complications.
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PMID:Primary prevention in rheumatology: the importance of hyperuricemia. 1512 Oct 34

The reduction of cardiovascular disease risk in kidney failure involves treatment of modifiable risk factors and provision of proven interventions to patients with established disease. Volume status management is key to blood pressure control. Statins are the agents of choice for the treatment of dyslipidemia. Target hemoglobin levels should be achieved using intravenous iron and erythropoietic agents. Combinations of calcium and noncalcium-containing phosphorus binders and vitamin D and its analogues should be used to attain target parathyroid hormone, phosphorus, and calcium phosphorus product levels. beta Blockers and aspirin are recommended in patients with ischemic heart disease and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (or angiotensin II receptor blockers), and beta blockers are recommended in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction. In patients who require revascularization, studies suggest a survival benefit of coronary artery bypass graft surgery over percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty and coronary artery stenting.
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PMID:Treating the Patient with Kidney Failure to Reduce Cardiovascular Disease Risk. 1521 21

It has been reported that dyslipidemia is associated with rheological and microcirculatory abnormalities in patients with ischaemic heart disease. However, it is not known how this system changes in men and women with ageing. In healthy young and middle-aged subjects the following parameters were evaluated: total plasma cholesterol, triglycerides and HDL-cholesterol levels, deformability of erythrocytes, red blood cell and platelet aggregations, blood and plasma viscosity, neutrophils' cytosolic [Ca2+]i and microviscosity of the bilayer's total lipid phase and the annular near-protein zone of the membranes. Using intravital computer-associated microscopic system we investigated the microcirculation of bulbar conjunctiva. Oxygen transfer characteristics were measured with a Radiometer TCM2 monitor. It is evident from the data obtained that in men of middle age the total plasma cholesterol and triglyceride levels are higher in comparison with other groups. The rheological behavior of red blood cell and platelet aggregations in men differ from that in women. Neutrophils activation in healthy subjects was not recorded. Our results show that changes of the blood rheological properties of men 35-50 years old can lead to disturbances of the microcirculation.
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PMID:Plasma lipid levels, blood rheology, platelet aggregation, microcirculation state and oxygen transfer to tissues in young and middle-aged healthy people. 1525 83

Cardiovascular disease is one of the leading causes of death worldwide and is responsible for 45% of deaths in the western world and 24.5% of deaths in the developing countries. In the 21st century these diseases will continue to dominate the disease spectrum and death statistics in both the industrialised and developing worlds. Since 1975 mortality from cardiovascular disease has decreased by about 24 to 28% in most countries. About 45% of this reduction can be attributed to an improvement in treatment of coronary heart disease and around 55% are attributable to a reduction in risk factors, in particular, stopping smoking and control of hypertension. However, especially in the case of ischaemic heart disease, it is not clear whether the reduction in mortality reflects a reduction in incidence of this disease. Due to the aging population and the reduction in age-related mortality, it is expected that the absolute number of people with heart disease will increase. Furthermore, the increase in prevalence of obesity, metabolic syndrome, type II diabetes as well as the higher prevalence of female smokers compared with thirty years ago could result in an increase in mortality over the next years and decades. It has been shown that prevention strategies, such as education campaigns aimed at the general public, can potentially greatly contribute to a reduction in incidence of cardiovascular disease at every stage. In order for such campaigns to be effective, it is necessary to understand and reduce the risk factors for cardiovascular disease. A large proportion of these risk factors are associated with lifestyle and are therefore modifiable. These modifiable risk factors include smoking, hypertension, poor diet, dyslipidemia, lack of exercise, overweight, adiposity and diabetes mellitus and optimisation of these should be a key aim for all adults. Gender differences also play a role in the incidence and prevention of cardiovascular disease. Incidence of myocardial infarction in women increases significantly after the menopause, and mortality through coronary heart disease is higher amongst women than men. Hormonal status, use of oral contraceptives and pregnancy all influence risk for cardiovascular disease in women. Due to the enormity of the problem that cardiovascular disease presents to society and the great potential for management of risk factors for cardiovascular disease through preventive medicine, a number of health promotion and prevention programmes have been initiated by various national and global organisations. This paper presents an analysis of modifiable risk factors for cardiovascular disease together with a review of targeted prevention programmes aiming at reducing these risks.
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PMID:[Risk management of coronary heart disease-prevention]. 1528 2

Cardiovascular disease and its clinical sequelae remain the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in many regions of the world. Dyslipidemia is a critical risk factor to intercept in both the primary and secondary prevention of acute cardiovascular events. The prospective, placebo-controlled clinical trials conducted with statins over the course of the past 15 years have conclusively demonstrated that these drugs significantly reduce risk for fatal and nonfatal myocardial infarction, ischemic stroke, unstable angina, and frequency of myocardial ischemia, as well as cardiovascular and all-cause mortality. Of considerable interest is the fact that, even under the exquisitely controlled circumstances of a clinical trial, endpoint reductions in these trials typically occur in the range of 20% to 35%. Understandably, much attention is now being focused on deriving the pharmacologic means by which to further increase the magnitude of endpoint reduction. Epidemiologic investigation has demonstrated that the relationship between cholesterol and risk for atherosclerotic disease is a continuous one. Consequently, it is reasonable to assume that more aggressive reductions of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol might result in even greater reductions of cardiovascular event rates and atheromatous plaque progression than heretofore observed. Two recent clinical trials, Reversal of Atherosclerosis with Aggressive Lipid Lowering (REVERSAL) and Pravastatin or Atorvastatin Evaluation and Infection Therapy (PROVE IT), prospectively tested and confirmed the validity of more aggressive LDL cholesterol lowering in high-risk patients with established coronary artery disease.
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PMID:Low-density lipoprotein reduction in high-risk patients: how low do you go? 1529

This article discusses the factors that contribute most to systolic and diastolic heart failure (HF): ischemic heart disease, hypertension,obesity, diabetes, and nephropathy. Diabetes often follows the insulin resistance syndrome in which obesity and hypertension are combined with dyslipidemia, and obesity is likely causal. Diabetes and hypertension are common causes of nephropathy, which in turn is a common precursor to HF. Insulin resistance, obesity,dyslipidemia, diabetes, and hypertension are risk factors for atherosclerotic coronary disease and left ventricular ischemia. Each is also a risk factor for diastolic dysfunction.
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PMID:Lifestyle and dietary modification for prevention of heart failure. 1533 18

High total homocysteine (tHcy) concentrations increase coronary disease risk. Therefore, the authors examined the relation between tHcy concentrations and the number of stenotic arteries in patients with ischemic heart disease (IHD). They enrolled 155 patients with IHD (135 men) who had undergone selective coronary angiography during the previous 2 years. These patients were divided into 4 groups according to the number of vessels (0, 1, 2, and 3) with > or = 70% stenosis. They also reviewed the major coronary risk factors for each patient (age, gender, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, cigarette smoking, obesity), and measured serum concentrations of tHcy, folate, vitamin B12 and lipids. There was a significant positive correlation (rs = 0.19; p = 0.017; n = 155) between tHcy serum concentration and the extent of coronary atherosclerosis, expressed by the number of coronary arteries with significant stenosis. Moreover, the number of affected vessels displayed a significant positive correlation with the presence of diabetes mellitus (rs = 0.30; p < 0.0001; n = 155) and serum concentrations of lipoprotein (a) (rs = 0.25; p < 0.05; n = 67) and a negative correlation with apolipoprotein A-I serum concentration (rs = -0.27; p < 0.01; n = 67). In this study, the serum concentrations of tHcy correlated with the extent of coronary atherosclerosis, independently of other classical risk factors, with the exception of diabetes mellitus.
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PMID:Association of serum total homocysteine with the extent of ischemic heart disease in a Mediterranean cohort. 1537 14

Erectile dysfunction (ED) is 2-3 times more frequent in men with diabetes mellitus than in men without such a history and might be an early marker of endothelial dysfunction. We studied a group of 310 unselected male patients within the Clinical Center of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases of Dolj County, with ages ranging between 20-78 years (57.43 + 0.835) and a positive history of diabetes mellitus for 1-47 years (10.09 +/- 8.715). Erectile dysfunction, quantified using SHIM (Sexual Health Inventory for Men), was present in 196 patients (63.2%); severe in 52 patients (16.8%), moderate in 42 patients (13.5%) and mild in 102 patients (32.9%). Erectile dysfunction showed a positive correlation with age after 65 years, history of diabetes of more than 10 years, obesity, stroke, arteriopathy, retinopathy, neuropathy and the smoking habit and was not correlated to the type of diabetes mellitus, history of diabetes less than 10 years, diabetes therapy, hypertension, ischemic heart disease, nephropathy, dyslipidemia and alcohol consumption. Our results plead for a holistic approach of the diabetic patient, irrespective of age, in order to detect and to treat all the risk factors, keeping in mind that the appearance of erectile dysfunction might indicate the presence of occult chronic diabetes complications.
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PMID:Erectile dysfunction in diabetes mellitus. 1552 1


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