Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0242339 (dyslipidemia)
 13,927 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Studies on genetic determination of the insulin resistance syndrome in rat models revealed several susceptibility loci for features of this complex phenotype, i.e. dyslipidemia, insulin resistance and obesity. We analysed the influence of introgression of the RNO4, RNO20 segments of SHR origin and RNO8 segment of PD/Cub origin (all previously shown to be involved in (dys)regulation of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism) onto the genetic background of a common progenitor, the Brown Norway (BN/Cub) rat. The differential segments were genetically characterized in the BN.PD-D8Rat39/D8Rat35 (BN-Lx, RNO8 congenic), BN.SHR-Il6/Cd36 (BN.SHR4, RNO4 congenic) and BN.PD-D8Rat39/D8Rat3, SHR-D4Mgh2/Cd36,SHR-D20Wox3/D20Mgh5 (BN-Lx 1K, RNO4, 8, 20 triple congenic) strains and their metabolic profiling was performed. After one week of high-sucrose diet, all congenic strains showed substantially higher levels of serum triglycerides and free fatty acids as well as impaired glucose tolerance in comparison with the BN/Cub progenitor strain. The BN-Lx 1K triple congenic strain displayed the most profound dyslipidemia, glucose intolerance and highest increase of triglyceridemia in response to high-sucrose diet overall, though accompanied with the significantly lowest adiposity index. These results further support the role of genes present within the studied chromosomal regions in observed metabolic disturbances. Furthermore, these findings point to the studied loci within the gene-gene and gene-environment interactions involved in pathogenesis of the insulin resistance syndrome. The set of defined congenic strains provides a possibility of assessing individual features of such a complex phenotype.
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PMID:Metabolic characterization of insulin resistance syndrome feature loci in three brown Norway-derived congenic strains. 1211 27

Dexamethasone (DEX) is known to induce diabetes and dyslipidemia. We have compared fasting triacylglycerol and cholesterol concentrations across 20 lipoprotein fractions and glucose tolerance in control (standard diet) and DEX-treated 7-month-old males of two rat strains, Brown Norway (BN) and congenic BN.SHR-(Il6-Cd36)/Cub (BN.SHR4). These two inbred strains differ in a defined segment of chromosome 4, originally transferred from the spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR) including the mutant Cd36 gene, a known target of DEX. Compared to BN, the standard-diet-fed BN.SHR4 showed higher cholesterol and triacylglycerol concentrations across many lipoprotein fractions, particularly in small VLDL and LDL particles. Total cholesterol was decreased by DEX by more than 21% in BN.SHR4 contrasting with the tendency to increase in BN (strain*DEX interaction p = 0.0017). Similar pattern was observed for triacylglycerol concentrations in LDL. The LDL particle size was significantly reduced by DEX in both strains. Also, while control BN and BN.SHR4 displayed comparable glycaemic profiles during oral glucose tolerance test, we observed a markedly blunted DEX induction of glucose intolerance in BN.SHR4 compared to BN. In summary, we report a pharmacogenetic interaction between limited genomic segment with mutated Cd36 gene and dexamethasone-induced glucose intolerance and triacylglycerol and cholesterol redistribution into lipoprotein fractions.
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PMID:Pharmacogenetic interaction between dexamethasone and Cd36-deficient segment of spontaneously hypertensive rat chromosome 4 affects triacylglycerol and cholesterol distribution into lipoprotein fractions. 2039 76

Deficiency of fatty acid translocase Cd36 has been shown to have a major role in the pathogenesis of metabolic syndrome in the spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR). We have tested the hypothesis that the effects of Cd36 mutation on the features of metabolic syndrome are contextually dependent on genomic background. We have derived two new congenic strains by introgression of limited chromosome 4 regions of SHR origin, both including the defective Cd36 gene, into the genetic background of a highly inbred model of insulin resistance and dyslipidemia, polydactylous (PD) rat strain. We subjected standard diet-fed adult males of PD and the congenic PD.SHR4 strains to metabolic, morphometric and transcriptomic profiling. We observed significantly improved glucose tolerance and lower fasting insulin levels in PD.SHR4 congenics than in PD. One of the PD.SHR4 strains showed lower triglyceride concentrations across major lipoprotein fractions combined with higher levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol compared with the PD progenitor. The hepatic transcriptome assessment revealed a network of genes differentially expressed between PD and PD.SHR4 with significant enrichment by members of the circadian rhythmicity pathway (Arntl (Bmal1), Clock, Nfil3, Per2 and Per3). In summary, the introduction of the chromosome 4 region of SHR origin including defective Cd36 into the PD genetic background resulted in disconnected shifts of metabolic profile along with distinct changes in hepatic transcriptome. The synthesis of the current results with those obtained in other Cd36-deficient strains indicates that the eventual metabolic effect of a deleterious mutation such as that of SHR-derived Cd36 is not absolute, but rather a function of complex interactions between environmental and genomic background, upon which it operates.
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PMID:CD36-deficient congenic strains show improved glucose tolerance and distinct shifts in metabolic and transcriptomic profiles. 2247 11