Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0241981 (loss of balance)
 452 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The five-year experience with 75 consecutive splenectomies has been reviewed. Special detail was given to eight critically ill hypersplenic patients. Their diagnoses included Hodgkin's disease, lymphoma, leukemia, myelofibrosis and Felty's syndrome. Three presented with sepsis, two with anemia not responsive to transfusion, three had pathologic bleeding and two could not receive additional needed therapy of underlying disease because of low counts. All cases responded to splenectomy favorably. Hypersplenism is primarily a loss of balance between the splenic destruction-sequestration and bone marrow production. The demonstrated rapid consumption of transfused cells and some degree of functional reserve of the bone marrow is the prerequisite and clue for splenectomy response in critically ill patients.
 ...
PMID:Splenectomy for hypersplenism. 70 6

Sepsis involves a heterogeneous class of syndromes, and septic shock, a severe form of sepsis, is associated with the development of progressive damage in multiple organs. The present study examined the time-dependent alterations of endothelin-1 (ET-1) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) levels in liver tissue in a septic rat model. Healthy male Wistar rats aged 15 weeks received 15 mg/kg lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and were sacrificed at different time points (1, 3, 6, and 10 hrs after treatment). Rats that did not receive LPS were considered to be controls. A 28-fold increase in the ET-1 level was observed in liver tissue 10 hrs after LPS administration. VEGF was also altered in hepatic tissue in a time-dependent manner. A gradual increase of VEGF expression in liver tissue after LPS administration was observed. Expression of Flt-1, the vascular permeability receptor of VEGF, was also increased in liver tissue after LPS administration. ET-1 is a potent vasoconstrictor and, therefore, may play a role in the regulation of hepatic perfusion in a sepsis model. On the other hand, VEGF may be involved in capillary leakage in liver tissue after LPS administration. The present findings suggest that there might be a loss of balance between the ET-1 and VEGF levels in the septic liver at different time points, which could contribute to the pathogenesis of acute liver injury in endotoxemia.
 ...
PMID:Altered expression of endothelin, vascular endothelial growth factor, and its receptor in hepatic tissue in endotoxemic rat. 1674 Oct 73

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is frequently encountered in the intensive care unit, and from its inception, morbidity and mortality increase in these patients compared to those without AKI. Despite numerous clinical trials and newer pharmacological agents, very little progress has been made to reduce the deaths that occur in this population. An important emerging concept is that AKI does not occur in isolation and it frequently involves other organs. Clinical conditions such as shock, trauma, and sepsis lead to an increase in fluid volume, cytokines/chemokines, uremic toxins and other soluble mediators that are known to affect distant organs. This critical loss of balance of these mediators appears to be due both to a reduction in clearance and increase in production as demonstrated by experimental studies of bilateral nephrectomy and ischemia-reperfusion, respectively. The evidence and mechanisms for distant organ injury following AKI will be discussed.
 ...
PMID:The changing pattern of acute kidney injury: from one to multiple organ failure. 2042 65