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Query: UMLS:C0240066 (iron deficiency)
 7,156 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Iron and transferrin uptake into the brain, CSF and choroid plexus, and albumin uptake into the CSF and choroid plexus, were determined after the intravenous injection of [59Fe-125I]transferrin and [131I]albumin into control rats aged 15, 21 and 63 days and 21-day iron-deficient rats. Iron uptake by the brain was unidirectional, greatly exceeded that of transferrin and was equivalent to 39 and 36% of the plasma iron pool per day in the 15-day control and 21-day iron-deficient rats. The rate of transferrin catabolism in the rats was only about 20% of the plasma pool per day. Iron and transferrin uptake into the brain and CSF decreased with increasing age and was greater in the iron-deficient than in the control 21-day rats. The quantity of 125I-transferrin recovered in the CSF could account for only a small proportion of the iron taken up by the brain. Albumin transfer to the CSF also decreased with age but was lower than that of transferrin and was not affected by iron deficiency. Similarly, the plasma: CSF concentration ratios of transferrin and albumin, as determined immunologically, decreased with age and were greater for transferrin than albumin. It is concluded that iron uptake by the brain is dependent on iron release from transferrin at the cerebral capillary endothelial cells with recycling of transferrin to the plasma and transfer of the iron into the brain interstitium. Only a small fraction of the transferrin bound by brain capillaries is transcytosed into the brain and CSF, this being one source of CSF transferrin while other sources are local synthesis and transfer from the plasma by the choroid plexuses.
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PMID:Iron and transferrin uptake by brain and cerebrospinal fluid in the rat. 145 Sep 23

200 patients after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass were nutritionally followed for an average of 6.7 years. They were randomly selected out of 450 patients operated on during 1980-1985. They had lost a mean of 56 +/- 22% of their excess weight and had remained stable in weight for the preceding 5 years with limited nutritional caloric restriction. Iron saturation, hemoglobin and mean corpuscular volume declined gradually and significantly (p less than 0.0001, p less than 0.0001 and p less than 0.001, respectively). However, mean serum concentration of vitamin B12, which also had decreased significantly during the preceding 5 years (p less than 0.0004), increased during recent years, but still was lower than before the bypass. Albumin and transferrin levels remained normal. There was no correlation between weight change and serum concentration of iron or vitamin B12. We conclude that 6.7 years after surgery, while there is no caloric or protein deficiency, there has been gradual development of iron deficiency, but not correlated with weight loss.
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PMID:[Nutritional disturbances after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass]. 152 56

Until recent years, main biologic markers of inflammation used in current practice were limited to erythrocyte sedimentation rate, fibrinogen, and serum protein electrophoresis. A better understanding of inflammatory mechanisms and improvement of laboratories technologies helped in better understanding of the role and potential usefulness of inflammatory reaction proteins. Arrival of proteic profile and, more recently, the development of automation, still improved analysis of variations of different inflammatory reaction proteins. These proteins are then analyzed as an element of a "functional biological system", with known and so expected kinetics and ranges. The analyze of proteic profile combines the analyze of proteins variations, with elected but not exclusive associations, as Immunoglobulins and Complement, Orosomucoid and Haptoglobin, or Albumin and Transferrin. In Internal Medicine, proteic profile may help in solving daily problems. These problems may be so schematized: when the fundamental pathology is not yet known in an unraveling check-up, facing clinical symptoms, with a normal or fewly disrupted usual biologic panel, proteic profile may help to choose investigations necessary for the diagnosis; in the follow-up of patients treated for known inflammatory pathology facing new symptoms, part has to be done between complication of the disease and/or of the treatment, new pathology associated or unefficiency of the treatment. We report herein part of our experience of proteic profile in an Internal Medicine department, from some particularly demonstrative case reports: congenital or acquired abnormality of iron metabolism, with normal usual iron panel (iron deficiency, hemochromatosis); severe evolutive inflammatory or infectious disease with normal erythrocyte sedimentation rate (temporal arteritis, infectious endocarditis).
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PMID:[Importance of the protein profile in internal medicine]. 751 44

We defined erythropoietin (EPO) resistance by the ratio of the weekly EPO dose to hematocrit (Hct), yielding a continuously distributed variable (EPO/Hct). EPO resistance is usually attributed to iron or vitamin deficiency, hyperparathyroidism, aluminum toxicity, or inflammation. Activation of the acute-phase response, assessed by the level of the acute-phase C-reactive protein (CRP), correlates strongly with hypoalbuminemia and mortality in both hemodialysis (HD) and peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients. In this cross-sectional study of 92 HD and 36 PD patients, we examined the contribution of parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels, iron indices, aluminum levels, nutritional parameters (normalized protein catabolic rate [PCRn]), dialysis adequacy (Kt/V), and CRP to EPO/Hct. Albumin level serves as a measure of both nutrition and inflammation and was used as another independent variable. Serum albumin level (deltaR2 = 0.129; P < 0.001) and age (deltaR2 = 0.040; P = 0.040) were the best predictors of EPO/Hct in HD patients, and serum albumin (deltaR2 = 0.205; P = 0.002) and ferritin levels (deltaR2 = 0.132; P = 0.015) in PD patients. When albumin was excluded from the analysis, the best predictors of EPO/Hct were CRP (deltaR2 = 0.105; P = 0.003) and ferritin levels (deltaR2 = 0.051; P = 0.023) in HD patients and CRP level (deltaR2 = 0.141; P = 0.024) in PD patients. When both albumin and CRP were excluded from analysis in HD patients, low transferrin levels predicted high EPO/Hct (deltaR2 = 0.070; P = 0.011). EPO/Hct was independent of PTH and aluminum levels, PCRn, and Kt/V. High EPO/Hct occurred in the context of high ferritin and low transferrin levels, the pattern expected in the acute-phase response, not in iron deficiency. In well-dialyzed patients who were iron replete, the acute-phase response was the most important predictor of EPO resistance.
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PMID:Acute-phase response predicts erythropoietin resistance in hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis patients. 991 69

Serum visceral protein and hematological indices and their behavioral and clinical correlates were determined in women with bulimia nervosa and depressed controls. One hundred and fifty-two women who met DSM-IV criteria for bulimia nervosa and 68 women with DSM-IV major depression completed a structured clinical interview and had blood samples drawn prior to admission to outpatient treatment programs. Albumin and prealbumin concentrations were lower in the depressed women, possibly due to recent weight loss. Elevated transferrin values suggested mild iron deficiency in nearly one-fifth of women with bulimia nervosa. Of women with bulimia nervosa, the 10.7% who had hemoglobin and 5.1% who had vitamin B12 levels below the normal range were not distinguishable on measures of body mass index, binge eating, vomiting, or restriction frequency. The 4.3% with low prealbumin levels experienced significantly more episodes of binge eating and vomiting in the prior fortnight than those with normal values. Frequency of vomiting was also inversely associated with albumin concentration. Hamilton Depression Rating Scale scores were inversely and linearly related to serum vitamin B12. Lower B12 levels in those with alcohol abuse/dependence did not explain the association between B12 and HDRS scores. No hematological indices were related to body mass index, binge eating or restriction frequency, or restriction intensity. In summary, women with bulimia nervosa do not appear to be at greater risk of visceral protein or hematological abnormalities than psychiatric controls. It is suggested that a high frequency of vomiting and alcohol abuse/dependence, increases the risk of subclinical malnutrition in women with bulimia nervosa, and that poor vitamin B12 nutriture may interfere with the functioning of the serotonergic or catecholaminergic systems and contribute to depressive symptoms in bulimia nervosa.
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PMID:Visceral protein and hematological status of women with bulimia nervosa and depressed controls. 1022 89

Transcuprein is a high-affinity copper carrier in the plasma that is involved in the initial distribution of copper entering the blood from the digestive tract. To identify and obtain cDNA for this protein, it was purified from rat plasma by size exclusion and copper-chelate affinity chromatography, and amino acid sequences were obtained. These revealed a 190-kDa glycosylated protein identified as the macroglobulin alpha(1)-inhibitor III, the main macroglobulin of rodent blood plasma. Albumin (65 kDa) copurified in variable amounts and was concluded to be a contaminant (although it can transiently bind the macroglobulin). The main macroglobulin in human blood plasma (alpha(2)-macroglobulin), which is homologous to alpha(1)-inhibitor III, also bound copper tightly. Expression of alpha(1)I3 (transcuprein) mRNA by the liver was examined in rats with and without copper deficiency, using quantitative polymerase chain reaction methodology and Northern blot analysis. Protein expression was examined by Western blotting. Deficient rats with 40% less ceruloplasmin oxidase activity and liver copper concentrations expressed about twice as much alpha(1)I3 mRNA, but circulating levels of transcuprein did not differ. Iron deficiency, which increased liver copper concentrations by threefold, reduced transcuprein mRNA expression and circulating levels of transcuprein relative to what occurred in rats with normal or excess iron. We conclude that transcupreins are specific macroglobulins that not only carry zinc but also carry transport copper in the blood, and that their expression can be modulated by copper and iron availability.
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PMID:Transcuprein is a macroglobulin regulated by copper and iron availability. 1736 39