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Query: UMLS:C0240066 (iron deficiency)
 7,156 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A study was made to determine the prevalence of anemia in apparently healthy children of both sexes aged 6 to 24 months attending the preventive medicine service in a general hospital of the Mexican Social Security Institute in the city of Tapachula, State of Chiapas. One hundred children were studied with a capillary hemoglobin (Hb) determination: 91 had anemia (Hb less than or equal to 11 g/dL). Sixty eight of the anemic children received oral iron for 3 months (3 mg/kg/day): their Hb before and after iron therapy were compared. Considering as responders those with an increment in Hb greater than 1 g/dL, sixty four children (94%) showed a mean increment of 2.6 g/dL. Four were considered as non-responders: in 3 the iron supplementation was stopped due to infectious diseases; the fourth case had a Hb increment below 1 g/dL. The use of capillary Hb as a criterium for treating anemic children proved to be a good predictor of response in a population where the prevalence of iron deficiency is high.
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PMID:[Capillary hemoglobin as a predictor of the response to the oral intake of iron in children with iron deficiency]. 186 95

Medical examinations related to iron nutrition (hemoglobin concentration, serum ferritin concentration and transferrin saturation) and measurements of daily nutriment intakes based on three day dietary records were carried out for 440 female subjects from adolescence to menopause, and the relationships between both parameters were compared. The subjects could be reasonably divided into 3 age groups of menstruating I (17-29 years), II (30-53 years) women and menopausal (48-69 years) women by the one-way analysis of variance. The occurrence of iron deficiency including iron deficient anemia was above 45% both in menstruating I and menstruating II women. In addition, the average amounts of iron intake were 8.7 and 10.2 mg/day in these groups, respectively. These values were below the recommended intake of iron (12 mg/day) for females of these ages in Japan. In menopausal women, the occurrence of iron deficiency decreased to 11.3%, which corresponded to the increase of average iron intake to 11.2 mg/day. Irrespective of age groups, there were almost no significant correlations between the results of medical examinations and the amounts of daily iron intake. Although no improvement in hemoglobin concentration and transferrin saturation was observed in 62 menstruating women, who received 10 mg iron daily as sodium ferrous citrate for 2 months, the average serum ferritin concentrations were significantly increased at 1 and 2 months after the supplement and 2 weeks after they stopped. These therapeutic trials indicate the relationship between iron deficiency and low iron intake in menstruating women.
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PMID:[Relationship between iron nutrition and nutriment intakes in the menstruating and menopausal women]. 188 Jan 99

During pregnancy because of physiologic hemodiluition and changes in various plasma protein levels, plasma viscosity is decreased compared to the non pregnant condition. Specifically the whole blood viscosity profile throughout pregnancy follows that of the hematocrit. However some pathological condition like pregnancy induced hypertension and intrauterine growth retardation are characterized by an increase of plasma viscosity. In order to evaluate the effect of plasma viscosity on placental perfusion, in 41 patients affected by pregnancy induced hypertension and with no iron deficiency we compared maternal hemoglobin and hematocrit to the birth weight. High maternal hemoglobin and hematocrit levels were associated to an increased frequency of low weight for date newborns (less than or equal to 10th centile), although the relationship with the hemoglobin levels is stronger (p less than or equal to 0.02) than the one with the hematocrit (p less than or equal to 0.05). In contrast, high weight for date newborns (greater than or equal to 90th centile) were not related to maternal hemoglobin and hematocrit parameters. We found that maternal hemoglobin and hematocrit, indicators of plasma viscosity, are useful in predicting low birth weight, but not high birth weight. We speculate that hypoxia due to the modification of microcirculation is a very important factor in determining the low birth weight; in contrast the oxygen is not the only factor involved in determining the high birth weight.
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PMID:[Hematocrit and hemoglobin, parameters of hematic viscosity, in pregnancy-induced hypertension]. 188 67

10 anemic (HB less than 9.0 g/dl) predialysis patients with chronic renal failure were treated for three months with s.c. administration of r-Epo. Blood morphological parameters were estimated using hematological autoanalyser Technicon H1. An increase of the mean hemoglobin (Hb) level from 8.39 to 10.57 g/dl was observed. In 8 patients Hb concentration after 3 months therapy ranged from 9.4 to 12.7 g/dl, but in the remaining two of them Hb was lower than 9.0 g/dl. Appearance of a high percentage of hypochromic erythrocytes is probably the most characteristic response to r-Epo treatment. This phenomenon was caused by iron deficiency. A significant increase of serum creatinine and BUN levels were observed in treated patients, without the concomitant decrease of endogenous creatinine clearance. No clinical symptoms suggesting deterioration of the renal function were observed. Subcutaneous therapy with r-Epo appeared an effective and convenient method of treatment of anemia in predialysis patients.
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PMID:[Subcutaneous administration of recombinant human erythropoietin (R-EPO) in the treatment of anemia in predialysis patients with chronic renal failure]. 189 96

The study was carried out in order to evaluate in maintenance hemodialysis (MH) patients: (1) the reliability of serum ferritin (SF) measurement in iron deficiency diagnosis and therapy; (2) the possibility to improve iron stores assessment through laboratory indexes routinely used in clinical practice; (3) the most effective iron deficiency treatment. After a preliminary assessment of SF reference values in 250 healthy volunteers, we studied 72 MH patients divided into three groups according to their SF baseline values: high (group A), normal (group B), low (group C) (normal range 19-191 ng/ml). Each group was further divided into three subgroups receiving three different iron treatments for 6 months: (1) oral administration of 67.5 mg/day of Fe3+ as Fe-ferritin (subgroups A1, B1, C1); (2) oral administration of 60 mg/day of Fe3+ as Fe-chondroitin sulfate (subgroups A2, B2, C2); (3) i.v. administration at the end of each dialytic session of 31 mg of Fe3+ as Fe-gluconate-Na (subgroups A3, B3, C3). The response to the iron therapy was considered positive when the hemoglobin (Hb) and the hematocrit (Ht) increased to greater than or equal to 15% of the baseline values. The rate of positive responses in each subgroup was as follows: A1 0/5, A2 0/5, A3 0/7, B1 2/10, B2 1/6, B3 5/11, C1 1/7, C2 3/7, C3 10/16. We concluded that SF values above 191 ng/ml allow to exclude iron deficiency whereas SF values less than or equal to the normal range are inadequate. In an attempt to improve diagnostic sensitivity we divided patients of subgroup B3 and C3 into responders (R) and nonresponders (NR).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Iron deficiency in maintenance hemodialysis patients: assessment of diagnosis criteria and of three different iron treatments. 190 85

Free erythrocyte protoporphyrin (FEP) and hemoglobin (Hgb) concentrations were tested in 790 children in a private pediatric office; results were compared to those obtained in 1984. Only 16 children (2%) had abnormal FEPs in 1990 compared to 76 children (9.6%) in the earlier study. The mean FEP in the normal group also decreased significantly in each age group studied. The hemoglobin concentrations were not significantly different in most of the age groups studied. Screening for iron deficiency in our pediatric practice by determining hemoglobin and FEP concentrations had a much lower yield in 1990 than in 1984.
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PMID:Normative data of hemoglobin concentration and free erythrocyte protoporphyrin in a private pediatric practice: a 1990 update. 200 9

The impact of varying severities of iron-deficiency anemia on fasting blood glucose, plasma triiodothyronine, heart norepinephrine concentrations and resting oxygen consumption were evaluated. Male weanling Sprague-Dawley rats were assigned to one of six dietary groups (4, 6, 11, 16, 23 or 40 mg Fe/kg diet) for 6 wk. Hemoglobin, liver iron and transferrin saturation were significantly lower in the 4 and 6 mg Fe/kg diet groups relative to the other groups and were indicative of anemia, low tissue iron stores and impaired erythropoiesis. Fasting blood glucose and heart norepinephrine concentrations were significantly higher and lower, respectively, in the 4 and 6 mg Fe/kg diet groups than the three highest dietary Fe groups. Although fasting blood glucose was significantly inversely correlated (r = -0.89, P = 0.0001) with hemoglobin concentration; a significant quadratic relationship (R 2 = 0.70, P = 0.0001) existed between hemoglobin and heart norepinephrine concentration. Differences in plasma triiodothyronine concentrations and resting oxygen consumption were not significant among the groups. Thus, base on hemoglobin concentration as an index of the severity of iron deficiency, these findings demonstrate that certain physiological manifestations of iron deficiency occur at even moderate-to-mild degrees of anemia.
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PMID:The impact of varying degrees of iron nutriture on several functional consequences of iron deficiency in rats. 201 82

The objective of this study was to evaluate the benefit of screening for anemia in infants in relation to their previous diet. The iron status of 854 9-month old infants on 3 different feeding regimens and on a regimen including iron dextran infection was determined by analysis of hemoglobin, serum ferritin, and erythrocyte protoporphyrin levels and of serum transferrin saturation. Infants were categorized as having iron deficiency if 2 or 3 of the 3 biochemical test results were abnormal; if the hemoglobin level was 110 gm/L, then a diagnosis of iron deficiency anemia was also made. The prevalence of iron deficiency was highest in infants who were fed cow's milk formula without added iron (37.5%), intermediate in the group fed human milk (26.5%), much lower in those fed cow's milk formula with added iron (8.0%), and virtually absent in those injected with iron dextran (1.3%). The corresponding values for iron deficiency anemia were 20.2%, 14.7%, 0.6% and 0%, respectively. The use of iron supplements is therefore justified in infants who received cow's milk formula without added iron, even when there is no biochemical evidence of iron deficiency. The low prevalence of iron deficiency in the group fed iron-fortified formula appears to make it unnecessary to screen routinely for anemia in such infants. These results also support the recommendation that infants who receive human milk exclusively for 9 months require an additional source of iron after about 6 months of age.
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PMID:Iron status with different infant feeding regimens: relevance to screening and prevention of iron deficiency. 201 22

In the vast majority of cases, the cause of microcytic hypochromic anemia is clearly suggested by the patient history, physical examination results, red cell indexes, and peripheral blood smear. Thus, further diagnostic testing, if necessary, can be very selective. When the underlying cause of anemia is obscure, the serum ferritin concentration should be measured first. If it is normal or increased, serum iron and free erythrocyte protoporphyrin levels can be determined. The serum iron level is low in anemias caused by iron deficiency and chronic disease but normal or elevated in those resulting from the thalassemias, hemoglobin E disorders, and lead toxicity. The free erythrocyte protoporphyrin level is elevated with iron deficiency, the anemia of chronic disease, and lead toxicity but normal with thalassemias and hemoglobin E disorders. Results of these two test indicate which of the more specific tests is most likely to yield the correct diagnosis.
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PMID:Determining the cause of anemia. General approach, with emphasis on microcytic hypochromic anemias. 202 Jun 45

We determined the relative value of the free erythrocyte protoporphyrin (FEP) assay compared to those of total iron-binding capacity (TIBC) and serum ferritin in the diagnosis of iron deficiency in a population of elderly anemic subjects. One hundred and three patients, 65 to 98 years old (mean +/- SD: 81.5 +/- 8.8), with hemoglobin levels of less than 110 milligrams (mean +/- SD: 97 +/- 12, range 53-109) were included in the study. In the patients with iron-deficiency anemia due solely to chronic bleeding, mean values for the three parameters were highly different from those in patients without chronic bleeding. In the patients with anemia due to an association of chronic bleeding and chronic inflammation, the mean FEP value was very significantly different (p less than 0.001) from that in the patients with chronic inflammation but without bleeding, whereas this was not the case for TIBC or serum ferritin. The sensitivity of FEP in the diagnosis of iron deficiency due to chronic bleeding in this population of anemic subjects was 60% (specificity 90%), compared to 13% (specificity 96%) for TIBC and 20% (specificity 100%) for serum ferritin. The FEP assay thus emerges as being highly suitable for the diagnosis of iron-deficiency anemia in the elderly subject, particularly when bone marrow is not examined.
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PMID:Free erythrocyte protoporphyrin assay in the diagnosis of iron deficiency in the anemic aged subject. A prospective study of 103 anemic patients. 204 70


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