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Query: UMLS:C0240066 (iron deficiency)
 7,156 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The relationship between iron status and degree of infection by Schistosoma haematobium was examined in 174 schoolchildren from Niger in an area endemic for urinary schistosomiasis. Iron deficiency was defined by a combination of 3 reliable indicators: a low serum ferritin level combined with a low transferrin saturation, a high erythrocyte protoporphyrin level, or both. Hematuria and proteinuria were seen in 76.4% and 79.9% of the children, respectively, while 95.4% excreted eggs (geometric mean egg count of 31.5 eggs/10 ml of urine). Anemia was seen in 59.7% of the subjects. The prevalence of iron deficiency was 47.1%. Anemia was associated with iron deficiency in 57.7% of the cases. Hemoglobin level and transferrin saturation decreased significantly when the degree of hematuria increased, while prevalence of anemia and iron deficiency increased significantly. The hemoglobin level and hematocrit were negatively correlated with egg count, while anemia prevalence increased with increasing egg count. This inverse relationship between degree of infection by s. haematobium and iron status shows a deleterious consequence of urinary schistosomiasis on nutrition and hematopoietic status, which should be considered in the design of nutrition intervention programs.
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PMID:Consequences of Schistosoma haematobium infection on the iron status of schoolchildren in Niger. 152 42

200 patients after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass were nutritionally followed for an average of 6.7 years. They were randomly selected out of 450 patients operated on during 1980-1985. They had lost a mean of 56 +/- 22% of their excess weight and had remained stable in weight for the preceding 5 years with limited nutritional caloric restriction. Iron saturation, hemoglobin and mean corpuscular volume declined gradually and significantly (p less than 0.0001, p less than 0.0001 and p less than 0.001, respectively). However, mean serum concentration of vitamin B12, which also had decreased significantly during the preceding 5 years (p less than 0.0004), increased during recent years, but still was lower than before the bypass. Albumin and transferrin levels remained normal. There was no correlation between weight change and serum concentration of iron or vitamin B12. We conclude that 6.7 years after surgery, while there is no caloric or protein deficiency, there has been gradual development of iron deficiency, but not correlated with weight loss.
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PMID:[Nutritional disturbances after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass]. 152 56

Since carcinomas of the colon or rectum are associated with blood loss, we wondered if complete blood count data were suggestive of iron deficiency in cases of colorectal carcinoma. The mean corpuscular volume and especially the red blood cell distribution width are thought to be more sensitive to early iron deficiency than the hemoglobin value. These values were recorded from a series of 98 consecutive cases of colorectal carcinoma and compared with an age-matched control group consisting of patients with no history or clinical suspicion of malignant neoplasm. We found that the hemoglobin level, mean corpuscular volume, and red blood cell distribution width in patients with colorectal carcinoma do not generally show evidence of iron deficiency. The addition of the mean corpuscular volume and red blood cell distribution width to the hemoglobin value does not seem to increase the sensitivity of the complete blood count in the detection or clinical suspicion of colorectal carcinoma.
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PMID:Complete blood count indices in colorectal carcinoma. 153 10

To assess the effects of decreased erythrocyte production on the levels of serum erythropoietin in children, we measured simultaneous hemoglobin concentrations and erythropoietin in 18 children with iron deficiency anemia, 17 children with transient erythroblastopenia of childhood (TEC), and 7 children with aplastic anemia. In all but two patients (one with TEC; one with aplastic anemia), erythropoietin was measured at diagnosis, before institution of specific therapy for the anemia. There was a statistically significant inverse linear correlation between log10 erythropoietin and hemoglobin values for all patient groups (r = 0.904 to 0.912; p less than 0.005). A comparison of the slopes of the regressions for each patient group by analysis of covariance revealed a significantly steeper slope for the iron deficiency group (-0.553) versus the TEC (-0.287) and aplastic anemia (-0.256) groups (p = 0.0001). The difference in erythropoietin levels appeared greatest in patients whose presenting hemoglobin level was greater than 5 gm/dl. Decline in serum erythropoietin levels was more precipitous in the less severely anemic patients with iron deficiency anemia than in the patients with TEC or aplastic anemia. These data reveal quantitative and qualitative differences in the relationship between serum erythropoietin and hemoglobin levels when children with severe iron deficiency anemia versus those with TEC or aplastic anemia are considered, even though all three conditions are characterized by hypoproliferation of erythrocytes.
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PMID:Comparison of the erythropoietin response in children with aplastic anemia, transient erythroblastopenia, and iron deficiency. 155 89

Small intestinal absorptive function can be disturbed in iron deficiency. We examined the permeability behavior of the small intestinal mucosa toward lactulose and rhamnose in 26 otherwise healthy children with iron deficiency. Their (mean +/- SD) age was 21 +/- 8.6 months; hemoglobin 7.9 +/- 0.9 g/dl, mean corpuscular volume (MCV) 60.1 +/- 3.4 fl, serum iron 2.72 +/- 0.66 mumol/L, serum ferritin 7.3 +/- 1.6 micrograms/L. After an isotonic oral load of both sugars, their 5-h urinary excretion was measured by gas-liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry. The ratio of the percentage of urinary recovery of the sugars [lactulose/rhamnose (%)] was determined as the permeability index. The tests were repeated in the same subjects after 3 months of iron supplementation, and achievement of an iron sufficient state. In the iron-deficient state, the permeability index was significantly higher than the standard normal value (0.15 +/- 0.05 versus less than 0.07; p less than 0.01), but was not different from normal when the children had attained a normal iron status. The major factor for the alteration of the permeability index in the children with iron deficiency was a significantly lower urinary recovery of rhamnose (which passes the small intestinal epithelium by a transcellular route); the recovery of lactulose (which passes through a paracellular route) was not affected by iron deficiency. Our study indicates that iron deficiency in infants and young children can alter permeability characteristics of the small intestinal mucosa. Iron status should therefore be considered when interpreting permeability tests in the young.
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PMID:Effect of iron deficiency on small intestinal permeability in infants and young children. 157 6

ACD is probably the most common anemia among hospitalized medical patients. It is variably defined by its clinical and, particularly, its laboratory manifestations. The most consistent features are low serum iron and normal or increased serum ferritin levels, reflecting normal or increased iron stores and distinguishing ACD from iron deficiency anemia. ACD often coexists with iron deficiency and the anemia of renal insufficiency. Most patients have an underlying infectious, inflammatory, or neoplastic disease, but as many as one quarter of patients do not. Several mechanisms have been proposed, the most significant of which are a block in reutilization of hemoglobin iron for red cell production and relative deficiency of erythropoietin, but the pathogenesis and mediators involved remain uncertain. The anemia itself seldom requires treatment and is ameliorated by successful treatment of the underlying disease.
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PMID:Anemia of chronic disease. 157 57

A 73 year old woman was hospitalized for recurrent occult gastrointestinal bleeding. She had been treated with iron replacement for a microcytic anemia at the age of 67 years remaining on iron and was well until 1989, when she again was hospitalized with symptomatic anemia (hemoglobin 5.4 9um/dl). Urea, electrolytes, liver function, serum vitamin B12 and red cell folate tests were normal. The gastrointestinal blood loss continued, and she became dependent on transfusions, receiving 60 unites of blood over the course of a year. Investigation confirmed iron deficiency with occult blood loss, and showed antibodies to gastric parietal cells, with a title of 1:160. At gastroscopy a series of longitudinally arrayed red streaks were seen radiating to the pylorus, the typical appearances of antral vascular ectasia or watermelon stomach. The diagnosis was confirmed histologically. Prednisolone therapy, initially at a dose of 30 mg, successfully stopped the bleeding and other drugs were withdrawn except from carbimazole and tolbutamide. Prednisolone also restored the gastric acid secretion to normal (basal acid output 2.7 mEq/hour, peak acid output 14 mEq/hour) with a corresponding fall in gastrin to 70 pg/ml. However, prednisolone caused hyperglycemia even at a reduced dose of 10 mg/day. It was replaced by a standard estrogen-progesterone pill (loestrin 30) containing 30 mcg of ethinyl estradiol and 1.5 mg of norethisterone taken daily for 3 weeks each month. After an endoscopic antral biopsy she received 4 units of blood, but otherwise maintained her hemoglobin concentration on iron alone over this period with a considerable reduction in gastrointestinal bleeding.
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PMID:Gastric antral vascular ectasia: maintenance treatment with oestrogen-progesterone. 161 93

Infants of diabetic mothers frequently have polycythemia, elevated serum erythropoietin concentrations, and decreased serum iron and ferritin concentrations, likely representing a redistribution of fetal iron into erythrocytes to support augmented fetal hemoglobin synthesis. We hypothesized that fetal liver, heart, and brain iron concentrations are also reduced in these infants. After obtaining autopsy tissue from infants who had died before 7 days of age, we measured liver, heart, and brain iron concentrations using atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Seven infants of diabetic mothers and seven gestational age-matched control infants were studied. All infants of diabetic mothers had pancreatic islet cell hyperplasia, indicating fetal hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia. Liver iron concentrations in the infants of diabetic mothers were 6.6% of control values (489.0 +/- 154.4 vs 7379.7 +/- 1473.8 micrograms/gm dry tissue weight (mean +/- SEM); p less than 0.001), heart iron concentrations were 43.9% of control values (124.7 +/- 20.5 vs 284.1 +/- 34.8 micrograms/gm dry tissue weight; p less than 0.002), and brain iron concentrations were 60.6% of control values (106.1 +/- 13.7 vs 175.2 +/- 10.7 micrograms/gm dry tissue weight; p less than 0.003). Heart and brain iron concentrations were directly correlated with liver iron concentrations (r = 0.80 for both; p less than 0.001) and indicated that hepatic iron was greater than 75% depleted before heart and brain iron reduction. We conclude that severely affected infants of diabetic mothers have reduced liver, heart, and brain iron concentrations. The role of tissue iron deficiency in the genesis of the abnormal clinical findings in these infants deserves further consideration.
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PMID:Iron deficiency of liver, heart, and brain in newborn infants of diabetic mothers. 162 67

The concentrations of total hemoglobin, transport iron, serum ferritin, serum total iron binding, the transferrin saturation rate, unbound erythrocyte porphyrins have been examined in 633 mothers and their newborns. A direct correlation was found between the neonatal and maternal iron status. The formation of the iron store in newborns was significantly influenced by the duration and severity of maternal iron deficiency. Deficient iron storage in antenatal life due to maternal iron deficiency was a major cause of sideropenia and anemia in the infants. Preventive iron therapy during pregnancy prevented iron-deficient anemia in mothers and provided a better neonatal iron status to meet the requirements of the first year of life.
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PMID:[Effect of sideropenia in mothers on hematologic indicators and iron stores in newborn infants]. 170 52

To clarify the influence of iron deficiency on mineral status, the following two synthetic diets were fed to male Wistar rats: a control diet containing 128 micrograms iron/g, and an iron-deficient diet containing 5.9 micrograms iron/g. The rats fed the iron-deficient diet showed pale red conjunctiva and less reactiveness than the rats fed the control diet. The hemoglobin concentration and hematocrit of the rats fed the iron-deficient diet were markedly less than the rats fed the control diet. The changes of mineral concentrations observed in tissues of the rats fed the iron-deficient diet, as compared with the rats fed the control diet, are summarized as follows: . Iron concentrations in blood, brain, lung, heart, liver, spleen, kidney, testis, femoral muscle, and tibia decreased; . Calcium concentrations in blood and liver increased; calcium concentration in lung decreased; . Magnesium concentration in blood increased; . Copper concentrations in blood, liver, spleen and tibia increased; copper concentration in femoral muscle decreased; . Zinc concentration in blood decreased; . Manganese concentrations in brain, heart, kidney, testis, femoral muscle and tibia increased. These results suggest that iron deficiency affects mineral status (iron, calcium, magnesium, copper, zinc, and manganese) in rats.
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PMID:Effect of dietary iron deficiency on mineral levels in tissues of rats. 172 8


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